860 Lemonade Change 檸檬水找零
Description:
At a lemonade stand, each lemonade costs $5.
Customers are standing in a queue to buy from you, and order one at a time (in the order specified by bills).
Each customer will only buy one lemonade and pay with either a $5, $10, or $20 bill. You must provide the correct change to each customer, so that the net transaction is that the customer pays $5.
Note that you don't have any change in hand at first.
Return true if and only if you can provide every customer with correct change.
Example:
Example 1:
Input: [5,5,5,10,20]
Output: true
Explanation:
From the first 3 customers, we collect three $5 bills in order.
From the fourth customer, we collect a $10 bill and give back a $5.
From the fifth customer, we give a $10 bill and a $5 bill.
Since all customers got correct change, we output true.
Example 2:
Input: [5,5,10]
Output: true
Example 3:
Input: [10,10]
Output: false
Example 4:
Input: [5,5,10,10,20]
Output: false
Explanation:
From the first two customers in order, we collect two $5 bills.
For the next two customers in order, we collect a $10 bill and give back a $5 bill.
For the last customer, we can't give change of $15 back because we only have two $10 bills.
Since not every customer received correct change, the answer is false.
Note:
0 <= bills.length <= 10000
bills[i] will be either 5, 10, or 20.
題目描述:
在檸檬水?dāng)偵?,每一杯檸檬水的售價(jià)為 5 美元。
顧客排隊(duì)購買你的產(chǎn)品,(按賬單 bills 支付的順序)一次購買一杯。
每位顧客只買一杯檸檬水,然后向你付 5 美元、10 美元或 20 美元。你必須給每個(gè)顧客正確找零,也就是說凈交易是每位顧客向你支付 5 美元。
注意,一開始你手頭沒有任何零錢。
如果你能給每位顧客正確找零,返回 true ,否則返回 false 。
示例 :
示例 1:
輸入:[5,5,5,10,20]
輸出:true
解釋:
前 3 位顧客那里,我們按順序收取 3 張 5 美元的鈔票。
第 4 位顧客那里,我們收取一張 10 美元的鈔票,并返還 5 美元。
第 5 位顧客那里,我們找還一張 10 美元的鈔票和一張 5 美元的鈔票。
由于所有客戶都得到了正確的找零,所以我們輸出 true。
示例 2:
輸入:[5,5,10]
輸出:true
示例 3:
輸入:[10,10]
輸出:false
示例 4:
輸入:[5,5,10,10,20]
輸出:false
解釋:
前 2 位顧客那里,我們按順序收取 2 張 5 美元的鈔票。
對(duì)于接下來的 2 位顧客,我們收取一張 10 美元的鈔票,然后返還 5 美元。
對(duì)于最后一位顧客,我們無法退回 15 美元,因?yàn)槲覀儸F(xiàn)在只有兩張 10 美元的鈔票。
由于不是每位顧客都得到了正確的找零,所以答案是 false。
提示:
0 <= bills.length <= 10000
bills[i] 不是 5 就是 10 或是 20
思路:
整體使用貪心算法, 從 10開始找零, 不夠的用 5找零(檸檬水是真的貴)
因?yàn)橐婚_始沒有零錢, 只要第一個(gè)人沒有給 5直接返回false
設(shè)置兩個(gè)變量 five和 ten代表收到的錢的數(shù)量
10的只能用 5找零
20的可以用 10 + 5或者 5 * 3找零
時(shí)間復(fù)雜度O(n), 空間復(fù)雜度O(1)
代碼:
C++:
class Solution
{
public:
bool lemonadeChange(vector<int>& bills)
{
if (bills[0] != 5) return false;
int five = 0, ten = 0;
for (auto bill : bills)
{
if (bill == 5) ++five;
if (bill == 10)
{
if (five == 0) return false;
--five;
++ten;
}
if (bill == 20)
{
if (five > 0 && ten > 0)
{
--five;
--ten;
}
else if (five > 2) five -= 3;
else return false;
}
}
return true;
}
};
Java:
class Solution {
public boolean lemonadeChange(int[] bills) {
if (bills[0] != 5) return false;
int five = 0, ten = 0;
for (int bill : bills) {
if (bill == 5) five++;
if (bill == 10) {
if (five == 0) return false;
five--;
ten++;
}
if (bill == 20) {
if (five > 0 && ten > 0) {
five--;
ten--;
} else if (five > 2) five -= 3;
else return false;
}
}
return true;
}
}
Python:
class Solution:
def lemonadeChange(self, bills: List[int]) -> bool:
if bills[0] != 5:
return False
five, ten= 0, 0
for bill in bills:
if bill == 5:
five += 1
if bill == 10:
if not five:
return False
five -= 1
ten += 1
if bill == 20:
if ten and five:
five -= 1
ten -= 1
elif five > 2:
five -= 3
else:
return False
return True