HIVE數(shù)倉數(shù)據(jù)血緣分析工具-SQL解析 - thomas0yang的專欄 - 博客頻道 - CSDN.NET http://blog.csdn.net/thomas0yang/article/details/49449723

sql解析代碼_bak - 下載頻道 - CSDN.NET http://download.csdn.net/download/thomas0yang/9369949

一、數(shù)倉經(jīng)常會碰到的幾類問題： 1、兩個數(shù)據(jù)報表進(jìn)行對比，結(jié)果差異很大，需要人工核對分析指標(biāo)的維度信息，比如從頭分析數(shù)據(jù)指標(biāo)從哪里來，處理條件是什么，最后才能分析出問題原因。 2、基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)表因某種原因需要修改字段，需要評估其對數(shù)倉的影響，費時費力，然后在做方案。
二、問題分析： 數(shù)據(jù)源長途跋涉，經(jīng)過大量的處理和組件來傳遞，呈現(xiàn)在業(yè)務(wù)用戶面前，對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行回溯其實很難。元數(shù)據(jù)回溯在有效決策、策略制定、差異分析等過程中很重要。這兩類問題都屬于數(shù)據(jù)血緣分析問題，第一類叫做數(shù)據(jù)回溯、第二類叫做影響分析，是數(shù)據(jù)回溯的逆向。
三、解決方法： 自己實現(xiàn)了一套基于Hive數(shù)倉的數(shù)據(jù)血緣分析工具，來完成各個數(shù)據(jù)表、字段之間的關(guān)系梳理，進(jìn)而解決上面兩個問題。
工具主要目標(biāo)：解析計算腳本中的HQL語句，分析得到輸入輸出表、輸入輸出字段和相應(yīng)的處理條件，進(jìn)行分析展現(xiàn)。
實現(xiàn)思路：對AST深度優(yōu)先遍歷，遇到操作的token則判斷當(dāng)前的操作，遇到子句則壓棧當(dāng)前處理，處理子句。子句處理完，棧彈出。處理字句的過程中，遇到子查詢就保存當(dāng)前子查詢的信息，判斷與其父查詢的關(guān)系，最終形成樹形結(jié)構(gòu)； 遇到字段或者條件處理則記錄當(dāng)前的字段和條件信息、組成Block，嵌套調(diào)用。
關(guān)鍵點解析： 1、遇到TOK_TAB或TOK_TABREF則判斷出當(dāng)前操作的表 2、壓棧判斷是否是join，判斷join條件 3、定義數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)Block,遇到在where\select\join時獲得其下相應(yīng)的字段和條件，組成Block 4、定義數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)ColLine,遇到TOK_SUBQUERY保存當(dāng)前的子查詢信息，供父查詢使用 5、定義數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)ColLine,遇到TOK_UNION結(jié)束時，合并并截斷當(dāng)前的列信息 6、遇到select　或者未明確指出的字段，查詢元數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行輔助分析 7、解析結(jié)果進(jìn)行相關(guān)校驗

代碼如下： Block類
package com.xiaoju.products.parse;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.HashSet;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Set;import java.util.Stack;import java.util.Map.Entry;import java.util.LinkedHashSet;import org.antlr.runtime.tree.Tree;import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.ASTNode;import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.BaseSemanticAnalyzer;import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.HiveParser;import org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.parse.ParseDriver;import com.xiaoju.products.bean.Block;import com.xiaoju.products.bean.ColLine;import com.xiaoju.products.bean.QueryTree;import com.xiaoju.products.exception.SQLParseException;import com.xiaoju.products.exception.UnSupportedException;import com.xiaoju.products.util.Check;import com.xiaoju.products.util.MetaCache;import com.xiaoju.products.util.NumberUtil;import com.xiaoju.products.util.ParseUtil;import com.xiaoju.products.util.PropertyFileUtil;/** * hive sql解析類 * * 目的：實現(xiàn)HQL的語句解析，分析出輸入輸出表、字段和相應(yīng)的處理條件。為字段級別的數(shù)據(jù)血緣提供基礎(chǔ)。 * 重點：獲取SELECT操作中的表和列的相關(guān)操作。其他操作這判斷到字段級別。 * 實現(xiàn)思路：對AST深度優(yōu)先遍歷，遇到操作的token則判斷當(dāng)前的操作，遇到子句則壓棧當(dāng)前處理，處理子句。子句處理完，棧彈出。 * 處理字句的過程中，遇到子查詢就保存當(dāng)前子查詢的信息，判斷與其父查詢的關(guān)系，最終形成樹形結(jié)構(gòu)； * 遇到字段或者條件處理則記錄當(dāng)前的字段和條件信息、組成Block，嵌套調(diào)用。 * 關(guān)鍵點解析 * 1、遇到TOK_TAB或TOK_TABREF則判斷出當(dāng)前操作的表 * 2、壓棧判斷是否是join，判斷join條件 * 3、定義數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)Block,遇到在where\select\join時獲得其下相應(yīng)的字段和條件，組成Block * 4、定義數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)ColLine,遇到TOK_SUBQUERY保存當(dāng)前的子查詢信息，供父查詢使用 * 5、定義數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)ColLine,遇到TOK_UNION結(jié)束時，合并并截斷當(dāng)前的列信息 * 6、遇到select 　或者未明確指出的字段，查詢元數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行輔助分析 * 7、解析結(jié)果進(jìn)行相關(guān)校驗 * 試用范圍： * 1、支持標(biāo)準(zhǔn)SQL * 2、不支持transform using script * * @author yangyangthomas * /public class LineParser { private static final String SPLIT_DOT = "."; private static final String SPLIT_COMMA = ","; private static final String SPLIT_AND = "&"; private static final String TOK_EOF = "<EOF>"; private static final String CON_WHERE = "WHERE:"; private static final String TOK_TMP_FILE = "TOK_TMP_FILE"; private Map<String /table/, List<String/column/>> dbMap = new HashMap<String, List<String>>(); private List<QueryTree> queryTreeList = new ArrayList<QueryTree>(); //子查詢樹形關(guān)系保存 private Stack<Set<String>> conditionsStack = new Stack<Set<String>>(); private Stack<List<ColLine>> colsStack = new Stack<List<ColLine>>(); private Map<String, List<ColLine>> resultQueryMap = new HashMap<String, List<ColLine>>(); private Set<String> conditions = new HashSet<String>(); //where or join 條件緩存 private List<ColLine> cols = new ArrayList<ColLine>(); //一個子查詢內(nèi)的列緩存 private Stack<String> tableNameStack = new Stack<String>(); private Stack<Boolean> joinStack = new Stack<Boolean>(); private Stack<ASTNode> joinOnStack = new Stack<ASTNode>(); private Map<String, QueryTree> queryMap = new HashMap<String, QueryTree>(); private boolean joinClause = false; private ASTNode joinOn = null; private String nowQueryDB = "default"; //hive的默認(rèn)庫 private boolean isCreateTable = false; //結(jié)果 private List<ColLine> colLines = new ArrayList<ColLine>(); private Set<String> outputTables = new HashSet<String>(); private Set<String> inputTables = new HashSet<String>(); private List<ColLine> tmpColLines = new ArrayList<ColLine>(); private Set<String> tmpOutputTables = new HashSet<String>(); private Set<String> tmpInputTables = new HashSet<String>(); public List<ColLine> getColLines() { return colLines; } public Set<String> getOutputTables() { return outputTables; } public Set<String> getInputTables() { return inputTables; } private void parseIteral(ASTNode ast) { prepareToParseCurrentNodeAndChilds(ast); parseChildNodes(ast); parseCurrentNode(ast); endParseCurrentNode(ast); } /** * 解析當(dāng)前節(jié)點 * @param ast * @param set * @return / private void parseCurrentNode(ASTNode ast){ if (ast.getToken() != null) { switch (ast.getToken().getType()) { case HiveParser.TOK_CREATETABLE: //outputtable isCreateTable = true; String tableOut = fillDB(BaseSemanticAnalyzer.getUnescapedName((ASTNode) ast.getChild(0))); tmpOutputTables.add(tableOut); MetaCache.getInstance().init(tableOut); //初始化數(shù)據(jù)，供以后使用 break; case HiveParser.TOK_TAB:// outputTable String tableTab = BaseSemanticAnalyzer.getUnescapedName((ASTNode) ast.getChild(0)); String tableOut2 = fillDB(tableTab); tmpOutputTables.add(tableOut2); MetaCache.getInstance().init(tableOut2); //初始化數(shù)據(jù)，供以后使用 break; case HiveParser.TOK_TABREF:// inputTable ASTNode tabTree = (ASTNode) ast.getChild(0); String tableInFull = fillDB((tabTree.getChildCount() == 1) ? BaseSemanticAnalyzer.getUnescapedName((ASTNode) tabTree.getChild(0)) : BaseSemanticAnalyzer.getUnescapedName((ASTNode) tabTree.getChild(0)) + SPLIT_DOT + BaseSemanticAnalyzer.getUnescapedName((ASTNode) tabTree.getChild(1)) ); String tableIn = tableInFull.substring(tableInFull.indexOf(SPLIT_DOT) + 1); tmpInputTables.add(tableInFull); MetaCache.getInstance().init(tableInFull); //初始化數(shù)據(jù)，供以后使用 queryMap.clear(); String alia = null; if (ast.getChild(1) != null) { //(TOK_TABREF (TOK_TABNAME detail usersequence_client) c) alia = ast.getChild(1).getText().toLowerCase(); QueryTree qt = new QueryTree(); qt.setCurrent(alia); qt.getTableSet().add(tableInFull); QueryTree pTree = getSubQueryParent(ast); qt.setpId(pTree.getpId()); qt.setParent(pTree.getParent()); queryTreeList.add(qt); if (joinClause && ast.getParent() == joinOn) { // TOK_SUBQUERY join TOK_TABREF ,此處的TOK_SUBQUERY信息不應(yīng)該清楚 for (QueryTree entry : queryTreeList) { //當(dāng)前的查詢范圍 if (qt.getParent().equals(entry.getParent())) { queryMap.put(entry.getCurrent(), entry); } } } else { queryMap.put(qt.getCurrent(), qt); } } else { alia = tableIn.toLowerCase(); QueryTree qt = new QueryTree(); qt.setCurrent(alia); qt.getTableSet().add(tableInFull); QueryTree pTree = getSubQueryParent(ast); qt.setpId(pTree.getpId()); qt.setParent(pTree.getParent()); queryTreeList.add(qt); if (joinClause && ast.getParent() == joinOn) { for (QueryTree entry : queryTreeList) { if (qt.getParent().equals(entry.getParent())) { queryMap.put(entry.getCurrent(), entry); } } } else { queryMap.put(qt.getCurrent(), qt); //此處檢查查詢 select app.t1.c1,t1.c1 from t1 的情況 queryMap.put(tableInFull.toLowerCase(), qt); } } break; case HiveParser.TOK_SUBQUERY: if (ast.getChildCount() == 2) { String tableAlias = BaseSemanticAnalyzer.unescapeIdentifier(ast.getChild(1).getText()); String aliaReal = ""; if(aliaReal.length() !=0){ aliaReal = aliaReal.substring(0, aliaReal.length()-1); } QueryTree qt = new QueryTree(); qt.setCurrent(tableAlias.toLowerCase()); qt.setColLineList(generateColLineList(cols, conditions)); QueryTree pTree = getSubQueryParent(ast); qt.setId(generateTreeId(ast)); qt.setpId(pTree.getpId()); qt.setParent(pTree.getParent()); qt.setChildList(getSubQueryChilds(qt.getId())); if (Check.notEmpty(qt.getChildList())) { for (QueryTree cqt : qt.getChildList()) { qt.getTableSet().addAll(cqt.getTableSet()); queryTreeList.remove(cqt); // 移除子節(jié)點信息 } } queryTreeList.add(qt); cols.clear(); queryMap.clear(); for (QueryTree _qt : queryTreeList) { if (qt.getParent().equals( _qt.getParent())) { //當(dāng)前子查詢才保存 queryMap.put(_qt.getCurrent(), _qt); } } } break; case HiveParser.TOK_SELEXPR: //輸入輸出字段的處理 /* * (TOK_DESTINATION (TOK_DIR TOK_TMP_FILE)) * (TOK_SELECT (TOK_SELEXPR TOK_ALLCOLREF)) * * (TOK_DESTINATION (TOK_DIR TOK_TMP_FILE)) * (TOK_SELECT * (TOK_SELEXPR (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL p) datekey) datekey) * (TOK_SELEXPR (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL datekey)) * (TOK_SELEXPR (TOK_FUNCTIONDI count (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL base) userid)) buyer_count)) * (TOK_SELEXPR (TOK_FUNCTION when (> (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL base) userid) 5) (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL base) clienttype) (> (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL base) userid) 1) (+ (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL base) datekey) 5) (+ (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL base) clienttype) 1)) bbbaaa) / //解析需要插入的表 Tree tok_insert = ast.getParent().getParent(); Tree child = tok_insert.getChild(0).getChild(0); String tName = BaseSemanticAnalyzer.getUnescapedName((ASTNode) child.getChild(0)); String destTable = TOK_TMP_FILE.equals(tName) ? TOK_TMP_FILE : fillDB(tName); //select a.,* from t1 和 select * from (select c1 as a,c2 from t1) t 的情況 if (ast.getChild(0).getType() == HiveParser.TOK_ALLCOLREF) { String tableOrAlias = ""; if (ast.getChild(0).getChild(0) != null) { tableOrAlias = ast.getChild(0).getChild(0).getChild(0).getText(); } String[] result = getTableAndAlia(tableOrAlias); String _alia = result[1]; boolean isSub = false; //處理嵌套select * 的情況 if (Check.notEmpty(_alia)) { for (String string : _alia.split(SPLIT_AND)) { //迭代循環(huán)的時候查詢 QueryTree qt = queryMap.get(string.toLowerCase()); if (null != qt) { List<ColLine> colLineList = qt.getColLineList(); if (Check.notEmpty(colLineList)) { isSub = true; for (ColLine colLine : colLineList) { cols.add(colLine); } } } } } if (!isSub) { //處理直接select * 的情況 String nowTable = result[0]; String[] tableArr = nowTable.split(SPLIT_AND); //fact.test&test2 for (String tables : tableArr) { String[] split = tables.split("\."); if (split.length > 2) { throw new SQLParseException("parse table:" + nowTable); } List<String> colByTab = MetaCache.getInstance().getColumnByDBAndTable(tables); for (String column : colByTab) { Set<String> fromNameSet = new LinkedHashSet<String>(); fromNameSet.add(tables + SPLIT_DOT + column); ColLine cl = new ColLine(column, tables + SPLIT_DOT + column, fromNameSet, new LinkedHashSet<String>() , destTable, column); cols.add(cl); } } } } else { Block bk = getBlockIteral((ASTNode)ast.getChild(0)); String toNameParse = getToNameParse(ast, bk); Set<String> fromNameSet = filterData(bk.getColSet()); ColLine cl = new ColLine(toNameParse, bk.getCondition(), fromNameSet, new LinkedHashSet<String>() , destTable, ""); cols.add(cl); } break; case HiveParser.TOK_WHERE: //3、過濾條件的處理select類 conditions.add(CON_WHERE + getBlockIteral((ASTNode) ast.getChild(0)).getCondition()); break; default: /** * (or * (> (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL p) orderid) (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL c) orderid)) * (and (= (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL p) a) (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL c) b)) * (= (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL p) aaa) (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL c) bbb)))) / //1、過濾條件的處理join類 if (joinOn != null && joinOn.getTokenStartIndex() == ast.getTokenStartIndex() && joinOn.getTokenStopIndex() == ast.getTokenStopIndex()) { ASTNode astCon = (ASTNode)ast.getChild(2); conditions.add(ast.getText().substring(4) + ":" + getBlockIteral(astCon).getCondition()); break; } } } } /* * 查找當(dāng)前節(jié)點的父子查詢節(jié)點 * @param ast / private QueryTree getSubQueryParent(Tree ast) { Tree _tree = ast; QueryTree qt = new QueryTree(); while(!(_tree = _tree.getParent()).isNil()){ if(_tree.getType() == HiveParser.TOK_SUBQUERY){ qt.setpId(generateTreeId(_tree)); qt.setParent(BaseSemanticAnalyzer.getUnescapedName((ASTNode)_tree.getChild(1))); return qt; } } qt.setpId(-1); qt.setParent("NIL"); return qt; } private int generateTreeId(Tree tree) { return tree.getTokenStartIndex() + tree.getTokenStopIndex(); } /* * 查找當(dāng)前節(jié)點的子子查詢節(jié)點（索引） * @param ast / private List<QueryTree> getSubQueryChilds(int id) { List<QueryTree> list = new ArrayList<QueryTree>(); for (int i = 0; i < queryTreeList.size(); i++) { QueryTree qt = queryTreeList.get(i); if (id == qt.getpId()) { list.add(qt); } } return list; } /* * 獲得要解析的名稱 * @param ast * @param bk * @return / private String getToNameParse(ASTNode ast, Block bk) { String alia = ""; Tree child = ast.getChild(0); if (ast.getChild(1) != null) { //有別名 ip as alia alia = ast.getChild(1).getText(); } else if (child.getType() == HiveParser.DOT //沒有別名 a.ip && child.getChild(0).getType() == HiveParser.TOK_TABLE_OR_COL && child.getChild(0).getChildCount() == 1 && child.getChild(1).getType() == HiveParser.Identifier) { alia = BaseSemanticAnalyzer.unescapeIdentifier(child.getChild(1).getText()); } else if (child.getType() == HiveParser.TOK_TABLE_OR_COL //沒有別名 ip && child.getChildCount() == 1 && child.getChild(0).getType() == HiveParser.Identifier) { alia = BaseSemanticAnalyzer.unescapeIdentifier(child.getChild(0).getText()); } return alia; } /* * 獲得解析的塊，主要應(yīng)用在WHERE、JOIN和SELECT端 * 如： <p>where a=1 * <p>t1 join t2 on t1.col1=t2.col1 and t1.col2=123 * <p>select count(distinct col1) from t1 * @param ast * @return / private Block getBlockIteral(ASTNode ast) { if (ast.getType() == HiveParser.KW_OR ||ast.getType() == HiveParser.KW_AND) { Block bk1 = getBlockIteral((ASTNode)ast.getChild(0)); Block bk2 = getBlockIteral((ASTNode)ast.getChild(1)); bk1.getColSet().addAll(bk2.getColSet()); bk1.setCondition("(" + bk1.getCondition() + " " + ast.getText() + " " + bk2.getCondition() + ")"); return bk1; } else if (ast.getType() == HiveParser.NOTEQUAL //判斷條件 > < like in || ast.getType() == HiveParser.EQUAL || ast.getType() == HiveParser.LESSTHAN || ast.getType() == HiveParser.LESSTHANOREQUALTO || ast.getType() == HiveParser.GREATERTHAN || ast.getType() == HiveParser.GREATERTHANOREQUALTO || ast.getType() == HiveParser.KW_LIKE || ast.getType() == HiveParser.DIVIDE || ast.getType() == HiveParser.PLUS || ast.getType() == HiveParser.MINUS || ast.getType() == HiveParser.STAR || ast.getType() == HiveParser.MOD || ast.getType() == HiveParser.AMPERSAND || ast.getType() == HiveParser.TILDE || ast.getType() == HiveParser.BITWISEOR || ast.getType() == HiveParser.BITWISEXOR) { Block bk1 = getBlockIteral((ASTNode)ast.getChild(0)); if (ast.getChild(1) == null) { // -1 bk1.setCondition(ast.getText() + bk1.getCondition()); } else { Block bk2 = getBlockIteral((ASTNode)ast.getChild(1)); bk1.getColSet().addAll(bk2.getColSet()); bk1.setCondition(bk1.getCondition() + " " + ast.getText() + " " + bk2.getCondition()); } return bk1; } else if (ast.getType() == HiveParser.TOK_FUNCTIONDI) { Block col = getBlockIteral((ASTNode) ast.getChild(1)); String condition = ast.getChild(0).getText(); col.setCondition(condition + "(distinct (" + col.getCondition() +"))"); return col; } else if (ast.getType() == HiveParser.TOK_FUNCTION){ String fun = ast.getChild(0).getText(); Block col = ast.getChild(1) == null ? new Block() : getBlockIteral((ASTNode) ast.getChild(1)); if ("when".equalsIgnoreCase(fun)) { col.setCondition(getWhenCondition(ast)); Set<Block> processChilds = processChilds(ast, 1); col.getColSet().addAll(bkToCols(col, processChilds)); return col; } else if("IN".equalsIgnoreCase(fun)) { col.setCondition(col.getCondition() + " in (" + blockCondToString(processChilds(ast, 2)) + ")"); return col; } else if("TOK_ISNOTNULL".equalsIgnoreCase(fun) //isnull isnotnull || "TOK_ISNULL".equalsIgnoreCase(fun)){ col.setCondition(col.getCondition() + " " + fun.toLowerCase().substring(4)); return col; } else if("BETWEEN".equalsIgnoreCase(fun)){ col.setCondition(getBlockIteral((ASTNode) ast.getChild(2)).getCondition() + " between " + getBlockIteral((ASTNode) ast.getChild(3)).getCondition() + " and " + getBlockIteral((ASTNode) ast.getChild(4)).getCondition()); return col; } Set<Block> processChilds = processChilds(ast, 1); col.getColSet().addAll(bkToCols(col, processChilds)); col.setCondition(fun +"("+ blockCondToString(processChilds) + ")"); return col; } else if(ast.getType() == HiveParser.LSQUARE){ //map,array Block column = getBlockIteral((ASTNode) ast.getChild(0)); Block key = getBlockIteral((ASTNode) ast.getChild(1)); column.setCondition(column.getCondition() +"["+ key.getCondition() + "]"); return column; } else { return parseBlock(ast); } } private Set<String> bkToCols(Block col, Set<Block> processChilds) { Set<String> set = new LinkedHashSet<String>(processChilds.size()); for (Block colLine : processChilds) { if (Check.notEmpty(colLine.getColSet())) { set.addAll(colLine.getColSet()); } } return set; } private String blockCondToString(Set<Block> processChilds) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (Block colLine : processChilds) { sb.append(colLine.getCondition()).append(SPLIT_COMMA); } if (sb.length()>0) { sb.setLength(sb.length()-1); } return sb.toString(); } /* * 解析when條件 * @param ast * @return case when c1>100 then col1 when c1>0 col2 else col3 end / private String getWhenCondition(ASTNode ast) { int cnt = ast.getChildCount(); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 1; i < cnt; i++) { String condition = getBlockIteral((ASTNode)ast.getChild(i)).getCondition(); if (i == 1) { sb.append("(case when " + condition); } else if (i == cnt-1) { //else sb.append(" else " + condition + " end)"); } else if (i % 2 == 0){ //then sb.append(" then " + condition); } else { sb.append(" when " + condition); } } return sb.toString(); } /* * 保存subQuery查詢別名和字段信息 * @param sqlIndex * @param tableAlias / private void putResultQueryMap(int sqlIndex, String tableAlias) { List<ColLine> list = generateColLineList(cols, conditions); String key = sqlIndex == 0 ? tableAlias : tableAlias + sqlIndex; //沒有重名的情況就不用標(biāo)記 resultQueryMap.put(key, list); } private List<ColLine> generateColLineList(List<ColLine> cols, Set<String> conditions) { List<ColLine> list = new ArrayList<ColLine>(); for (ColLine entry : cols) { entry.getConditionSet().addAll(conditions); list.add(ParseUtil.cloneColLine(entry)); } return list; } /* * 判斷正常列， * 正常：a as col, a * 異常：1 ，'a' //數(shù)字、字符等作為列名 / private boolean notNormalCol(String column) { return Check.isEmpty(column) || NumberUtil.isNumeric(column) || (column.startsWith(""") && column.endsWith(""")) || (column.startsWith("'") && column.endsWith("'")); } /* * 從指定索引位置開始解析子樹 * @param ast * @param startIndex 開始索引 * @param isSimple 是否簡寫 * @param withCond 是否包含條件 * @return / private Set<Block> processChilds(ASTNode ast,int startIndex) { int cnt = ast.getChildCount(); Set<Block> set = new LinkedHashSet<Block>(); for (int i = startIndex; i < cnt; i++) { Block bk = getBlockIteral((ASTNode) ast.getChild(i)); if (Check.notEmpty(bk.getCondition()) || Check.notEmpty(bk.getColSet())){ set.add(bk); } } return set; } /* * 解析獲得列名或者字符數(shù)字等和條件 * @param ast * @param isSimple * @return / private Block parseBlock(ASTNode ast) { if (ast.getType() == HiveParser.DOT && ast.getChild(0).getType() == HiveParser.TOK_TABLE_OR_COL && ast.getChild(0).getChildCount() == 1 && ast.getChild(1).getType() == HiveParser.Identifier) { String column = BaseSemanticAnalyzer.unescapeIdentifier(ast.getChild(1).getText()); String alia = BaseSemanticAnalyzer.unescapeIdentifier(ast.getChild(0).getChild(0).getText()); return getBlock(column, alia); } else if (ast.getType() == HiveParser.TOK_TABLE_OR_COL && ast.getChildCount() == 1 && ast.getChild(0).getType() == HiveParser.Identifier) { String column = ast.getChild(0).getText(); return getBlock(column, null); } else if (ast.getType() == HiveParser.Number || ast.getType() == HiveParser.StringLiteral || ast.getType() == HiveParser.Identifier) { Block bk = new Block(); bk.setCondition(ast.getText()); bk.getColSet().add(ast.getText()); return bk; } return new Block(); } /* * 根據(jù)列名和別名獲得塊信息 * @param column * @param alia * @param tree 當(dāng)前子查詢下的別名可以使用 * @return / private Block getBlock(String column, String alia) { String[] result = getTableAndAlia(alia); String tableArray = result[0]; String _alia = result[1]; for (String string : _alia.split(SPLIT_AND)) { //迭代循環(huán)的時候查詢 QueryTree qt = queryMap.get(string.toLowerCase()); if (Check.notEmpty(column)) { for (ColLine colLine : qt.getColLineList()) { if (column.equalsIgnoreCase(colLine.getToNameParse())) { Block bk = new Block(); bk.setCondition(colLine.getColCondition()); bk.setColSet(ParseUtil.cloneSet(colLine.getFromNameSet())); return bk; } } } } String _realTable = tableArray; int cnt = 0; //匹配字段和元數(shù)據(jù)字段相同數(shù)目，如果有多個匹配，即此sql有二義性 for (String tables : tableArray.split(SPLIT_AND)) { //初始化的時候查詢數(shù)據(jù)庫對應(yīng)表 String[] split = tables.split("\."); if (split.length > 2) { throw new SQLParseException("parse table:" + tables); } List<String> colByTab = MetaCache.getInstance().getColumnByDBAndTable(tables); for (String col : colByTab) { if (column.equalsIgnoreCase(col)) { _realTable = tables; cnt++; } } }// if (cnt == 0) { //此類沒有找到的檢查在Validater類中檢查// } if (cnt > 1) { //二義性檢查 throw new SQLParseException("SQL is ambiguity, column: " + column + " tables:" + tableArray); } Block bk = new Block(); bk.setCondition(_realTable + SPLIT_DOT + column); bk.getColSet().add(_realTable + SPLIT_DOT + column); return bk; } /* * 過濾掉無用的列：如col1,123,'2013',col2 ==>> col1,col2 * @param col * @return / private Set<String> filterData(Set<String> colSet){ Set<String> set = new LinkedHashSet<String>(); for (String string : colSet) { if (!notNormalCol(string)) { set.add(string); } } return set; } /* * 解析所有子節(jié)點 * @param ast * @return / private void parseChildNodes(ASTNode ast){ int numCh = ast.getChildCount(); if (numCh > 0) { for (int num = 0; num < numCh; num++) { ASTNode child = (ASTNode) ast.getChild(num); parseIteral(child); } } } /* * 準(zhǔn)備解析當(dāng)前節(jié)點 * @param ast / private void prepareToParseCurrentNodeAndChilds(ASTNode ast){ if (ast.getToken() != null) { switch (ast.getToken().getType()) { case HiveParser.TOK_SWITCHDATABASE: System.out.println("nowQueryDB changed " + nowQueryDB+ " to " +ast.getChild(0).getText()); nowQueryDB = ast.getChild(0).getText(); break; case HiveParser.TOK_TRANSFORM: throw new UnSupportedException("no support transform using clause"); case HiveParser.TOK_RIGHTOUTERJOIN: case HiveParser.TOK_LEFTOUTERJOIN: case HiveParser.TOK_JOIN: case HiveParser.TOK_LEFTSEMIJOIN: case HiveParser.TOK_MAPJOIN: case HiveParser.TOK_FULLOUTERJOIN: case HiveParser.TOK_UNIQUEJOIN: joinStack.push(joinClause); joinClause = true; joinOnStack.push(joinOn); joinOn = ast; break; } } } /* * 結(jié)束解析當(dāng)前節(jié)點 * @param ast / private void endParseCurrentNode(ASTNode ast){ if (ast.getToken() != null) { Tree parent = ast.getParent(); switch (ast.getToken().getType()) { //join 從句結(jié)束，跳出join case HiveParser.TOK_RIGHTOUTERJOIN: case HiveParser.TOK_LEFTOUTERJOIN: case HiveParser.TOK_JOIN: case HiveParser.TOK_LEFTSEMIJOIN: case HiveParser.TOK_MAPJOIN: case HiveParser.TOK_FULLOUTERJOIN: case HiveParser.TOK_UNIQUEJOIN: joinClause = joinStack.pop(); joinOn = joinOnStack.pop(); break; case HiveParser.TOK_QUERY: processUnionStack(ast, parent); //union的子節(jié)點 case HiveParser.TOK_INSERT: case HiveParser.TOK_SELECT: break; case HiveParser.TOK_UNION: //合并union字段信息 mergeUnionCols(); processUnionStack(ast, parent); //union的子節(jié)點 break; } } } private void mergeUnionCols() { validateUnion(cols); int size = cols.size(); int colNum = size / 2; List<ColLine> list = new ArrayList<ColLine>(colNum); for (int i = 0; i < colNum; i++) { //合并字段 ColLine col = cols.get(i); for (int j = i + colNum; j < size; j = j + colNum) { ColLine col2 = cols.get(j); list.add(col2); if (notNormalCol(col.getToNameParse()) && !notNormalCol(col2.getToNameParse())) { col.setToNameParse(col2.getToNameParse()); } col.getFromNameSet().addAll(col2.getFromNameSet()); col.setColCondition(col.getColCondition() + SPLIT_AND + col2.getColCondition()); Set<String> conditionSet = ParseUtil.cloneSet(col.getConditionSet()); conditionSet.addAll(col2.getConditionSet()); conditionSet.addAll(conditions); col.getConditionSet().addAll(conditionSet); } } cols.removeAll(list); //移除已經(jīng)合并的數(shù)據(jù) } private void processUnionStack(ASTNode ast, Tree parent) { boolean isNeedAdd = parent.getType() == HiveParser.TOK_UNION; if (isNeedAdd) { if (parent.getChild(0) == ast && parent.getChild(1) != null) {//有弟節(jié)點(是第一節(jié)點) //壓棧 conditionsStack.push(ParseUtil.cloneSet(conditions)); conditions.clear(); colsStack.push(ParseUtil.cloneList(cols)); cols.clear(); } else { //無弟節(jié)點(是第二節(jié)點) //出棧 if (!conditionsStack.isEmpty()) { conditions.addAll(conditionsStack.pop()); } if (!colsStack.isEmpty()) { cols.addAll(0, colsStack.pop()); } } } } private void parseAST(ASTNode ast) { parseIteral(ast); } public void parse(String sqlAll) throws Exception{ if (Check.isEmpty(sqlAll)) { return; } startParseAll(); //清空最終結(jié)果集 int i = 0; //當(dāng)前是第幾個sql for (String sql : sqlAll.split("(?<!\\);")) { ParseDriver pd = new ParseDriver(); String trim = sql.toLowerCase().trim(); if (trim.startsWith("set") || trim.startsWith("add") || Check.isEmpty(trim)) { continue; } ASTNode ast = pd.parse(sql); if ("local".equals(PropertyFileUtil.getProperty("environment"))) { System.out.println(ast.toStringTree()); } prepareParse(); parseAST(ast); endParse(++i); } } /* * 清空上次處理的結(jié)果 / private void startParseAll() { colLines.clear(); outputTables.clear(); inputTables.clear(); } private void prepareParse() { isCreateTable = false; dbMap.clear(); queryMap.clear(); queryTreeList.clear(); //結(jié)果 tmpColLines.clear(); tmpOutputTables.clear(); tmpInputTables.clear(); conditionsStack.clear(); //where or join 條件緩存 colsStack.clear(); //一個子查詢內(nèi)的列緩存 resultQueryMap.clear(); conditions.clear(); //where or join 條件緩存 cols.clear(); //一個子查詢內(nèi)的列緩存 tableNameStack.clear(); joinStack.clear(); joinOnStack.clear(); joinClause = false; joinOn = null; } /* * 所有解析完畢之后的后期處理 / private void endParse(int sqlIndex) { putResultQueryMap(sqlIndex, TOK_EOF); putDBMap(); setColLineList(); setOutInputTableSet(); } /** * 設(shè)置輸出表的字段對應(yīng)關(guān)系 / private void setColLineList() { Map<String, List<ColLine>> map = new HashMap<String, List<ColLine>>(); for (Entry<String, List<ColLine>> entry : resultQueryMap.entrySet()) { if (entry.getKey().startsWith(TOK_EOF)) { List<ColLine> value = entry.getValue(); for (ColLine colLine : value) { List<ColLine> list = map.get(colLine.getToTable()); if (Check.isEmpty(list)) { list = new ArrayList<ColLine>(); map.put(colLine.getToTable(), list); } list.add(colLine); } } } for (Entry<String, List<ColLine>> entry : map.entrySet()) { String table = entry.getKey(); List<ColLine> pList = entry.getValue(); List<String> dList = dbMap.get(table); int metaSize = Check.isEmpty(dList) ? 0 : dList.size(); for (int i = 0; i < pList.size(); i++) { //按順序插入對應(yīng)的字段 ColLine clp = pList.get(i); String colName = null; if (i < metaSize) { colName = table + SPLIT_DOT + dList.get(i); } if (isCreateTable && TOK_TMP_FILE.equals(table)) { for (String string : tmpOutputTables) { table = string; } } ColLine colLine = new ColLine(clp.getToNameParse(), clp.getColCondition(), clp.getFromNameSet(), clp.getConditionSet(), table, colName); colLines.add(colLine); } } } /** * 設(shè)置輸出表的字段對應(yīng)關(guān)系 / private void setOutInputTableSet() { outputTables.addAll(ParseUtil.cloneSet(tmpOutputTables)); inputTables.addAll(ParseUtil.cloneSet(tmpInputTables)); } private void putDBMap() { for (String table : tmpOutputTables) { List<String> list = MetaCache.getInstance().getColumnByDBAndTable(table); dbMap.put(table, list); } } /* * 補全db信息 * table1 ==>> db1.table1 * db1.table1 ==>> db1.table1 * db2.t1&t2 ==>> db2.t1&db1.t2 * @param tables / private String fillDB(String nowTable) { if (Check.isEmpty(nowTable)) { return nowTable; } StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); String[] tableArr = nowTable.split(SPLIT_AND); //fact.test&test2&test3 for (String tables : tableArr) { String[] split = tables.split("\" + SPLIT_DOT); if (split.length > 2) { System.out.println(tables); throw new SQLParseException("parse table:" + nowTable); } String db = split.length == 2 ? split[0] : nowQueryDB ; String table = split.length == 2 ? split[1] : split[0] ; sb.append(db).append(SPLIT_DOT).append(table).append(SPLIT_AND); } if (sb.length()>0) { sb.setLength(sb.length()-1); } return sb.toString(); } /* * 根據(jù)別名查詢表明 * @param alia * @return / private String[] getTableAndAlia(String alia) { String _alia = Check.notEmpty(alia) ? alia : ParseUtil.collectionToString(queryMap.keySet(), SPLIT_AND, true) ; String[] result = {"" , _alia}; Set<String> tableSet = new HashSet<String>(); if (Check.notEmpty(_alia)) { String[] split = _alia.split(SPLIT_AND); for (String string : split) { //別名又分單獨起的別名 和 表名，即 select a.col,table_name.col from table_name a if (tmpInputTables.contains(string) || tmpInputTables.contains(fillDB(string))) { tableSet.add(fillDB(string)); } else if (queryMap.containsKey(string.toLowerCase())) { tableSet.addAll(queryMap.get(string.toLowerCase()).getTableSet()); } } result[0] = ParseUtil.collectionToString(tableSet, SPLIT_AND, true); result[1] = _alia; } return result; } /* * 校驗union * @param list */ private void validateUnion(List<ColLine> list){ int size = list.size(); if (size % 2 == 1) { throw new SQLParseException("union column number are different, size=" + size); } int colNum = size / 2; checkUnion(list, 0, colNum); checkUnion(list, colNum, size); } private void checkUnion(List<ColLine> list, int start, int end) { String tmp = null; for (int i = start; i < end; i++) { //合并字段 ColLine col = list.get(i); if (Check.isEmpty(tmp)) { tmp = col.getToTable(); } else if (!tmp.equals(col.getToTable())){ throw new SQLParseException("union column number/types are different,table1=" + tmp +",table2="+ col.getToTable()); } } }}
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另，附上一AST語法樹格式化的Python腳本。

!/usr/bin/env python# -- coding: utf-8 --'''Created on 2012-5-20'''import sys# explain select key from kv mykv join test mytest on (mykv.key == mytest.id);original_str = """(TOK_QUERY (TOK_FROM (TOK_LEFTOUTERJOIN (TOK_SUBQUERY (TOK_QUERY (TOK_FROM (TOK_TABREF (TOK_TABNAME dim_city))) (TOK_INSERT (TOK_DESTINATION (TOK_DIR TOK_TMP_FILE)) (TOK_SELECT (TOK_SELEXPR (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL city_name)) (TOK_SELEXPR (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL city_id)) (TOK_SELEXPR (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL pt))) (TOK_WHERE (AND (= (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL pt) '$yesday') (= (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL level) 2))) (TOK_GROUPBY (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL city_name) (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL city_id) (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL pt)))) b) (TOK_SUBQUERY (TOK_QUERY (TOK_FROM (TOK_TABREF (TOK_TABNAME dw_dri_wide_sheet))) (TOK_INSERT (TOK_DESTINATION (TOK_DIR TOK_TMP_FILE)) (TOK_SELECT (TOK_SELEXPR (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL city_id)) (TOK_SELEXPR (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL pt)) (TOK_SELEXPR (TOK_FUNCTIONDI count (TOK_FUNCTION when (= (TOK_FUNCTION to_date (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL last_sucgrabord_time)) '$data_desc') (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL dri_id))) last1_dri_cnt) (TOK_SELEXPR (TOK_FUNCTIONDI count (TOK_FUNCTION when (and (> (TOK_FUNCTION to_date (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL last_sucgrabord_time)) (TOK_FUNCTION date_sub '$data_desc' 7)) (<= (TOK_FUNCTION to_date (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL last_sucgrabord_time)) '$data_desc')) (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL dri_id))) last7_dri_cnt)) (TOK_WHERE (and (= (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL pt) '$data_desc') (TOK_FUNCTION TOK_ISNOTNULL (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL last_sucgrabord_time)))) (TOK_GROUPBY (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL city_id) (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL pt)))) a) (= (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL a) city_id) (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL b) city_id)))) (TOK_INSERT (TOK_DESTINATION (TOK_TAB (TOK_TABNAME test kd_st_kpi_dri_active_day_city_bi))) (TOK_SELECT (TOK_SELEXPR (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL b) city_name)) (TOK_SELEXPR (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL b) city_id)) (TOK_SELEXPR (TOK_FUNCTION nvl (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL last1_dri_cnt) 0)) (TOK_SELEXPR (TOK_FUNCTION nvl (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL last7_dri_cnt) 0)) (TOK_SELEXPR (. (TOK_TABLE_OR_COL b) pt))))) <EOF>"""tmp_str = original_str.strip().replace('\n', '')def my_print(mystr): sys.stdout.write(mystr)def print_indent(indent_level): for i in range(indent_level): my_print(' ' * 4)indent_level = 0for char in tmp_str: if char == '(': # 如果是左括號,先換行,然后打印縮進(jìn)+( my_print('\n') print_indent(indent_level) my_print(char) indent_level += 1 elif char == ')': # 如果是右括號,先打印),再換行,打印下一級別的縮進(jìn) indent_level -= 1 my_print(char) my_print('\n') print_indent(indent_level - 1) else: # 其他的直接打印出來 my_print(char)

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參考文章： http://tech.meituan.com/hive-sql-to-mapreduce.html http://www.cnblogs.com/drawwindows/p/4595771.html https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/LanguageManual