沒有MVVM!沒有MVVM!沒有MVVM!
一、dataBinding用法
- app的build.gradle中添加依賴:
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
...
// 引入DataBinding依賴
dataBinding{
enabled = true
}
}
dependencies {
...
}
- 定義一個mode,兩種寫法是一樣的l:
public class UserInfo {
public class UserInfo {
// // 第一種方式 需要集成BaseObservable
// private String username;
//
// private String password;
//
// @Bindable
// public String getUsername() {
// return username;
// }
//
// public void setUsername(String username) {
// this.username = username;
// notifyPropertyChanged(BR.username);
// }
//
// @Bindable
// public String getPassword() {
// return password;
// }
//
// public void setPassword(String password) {
// this.password = password;
// notifyPropertyChanged(BR.password);
// }
// 第二種方式
public ObservableField<String> username = new ObservableField<>();
public ObservableField<String> password = new ObservableField<>();
}
- 布局的寫法要在外面包一層
layout,并且配置data標簽,配置要綁定的model對象
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- DataBinding編碼規(guī)范 -->
<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<!-- 定義該View(布局)需要綁定的數據來源 -->
<data>
<variable
name="user"
type="com.yu.databinding.model.UserInfo" />
</data>
<!-- 布局常規(guī)編碼 -->
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:gravity="center"
android:orientation="vertical">
<EditText
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@={user.username}" />
<EditText
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
android:text="@={user.password}" />
</LinearLayout>
</layout>
name就類似一個別名、簡稱,type是要綁定的類的全名,用@={}進行雙向綁定。
- 在Activity設置布局之前,要先build一下工程
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
ActivityMainBinding binding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this, R.layout.activity_main);
userInfo.username.set("123");
userInfo.password.set("456");
binding.setUser(userInfo);
這樣就完成了雙向綁定,model數據修改會直接影響到view,view數據修改直接影響model。
用法完事,問題來了
-
ActivityMainBinding是什么? -
DataBindingUtil.setContentView(xxx)做了什么,怎么實現(xiàn)的雙向綁定?
二、dataBinding做了什么?
首先dataBinding會掃描布局文件,使用了dataBinding的布局會根據我們自己寫的生成另外兩個XML文件:

上圖目錄下這倆文件,注意是要build之后才生成的:

這倆文件是這樣的,一個是用來布局的,只是多加了tag屬性:

第二個是把布局文件分解成了不同的
Tag:
然后看上面兩個問題,先看DataBindingUtil.setContentView(xxx)做了什么,點進去追一下代碼,在DataBindingUtil.java里:
public static <T extends ViewDataBinding> T setContentView(@NonNull Activity activity,
int layoutId, @Nullable DataBindingComponent bindingComponent) {
activity.setContentView(layoutId);
View decorView = activity.getWindow().getDecorView();
ViewGroup contentView = (ViewGroup) decorView.findViewById(android.R.id.content);
return bindToAddedViews(bindingComponent, contentView, 0, layoutId);
}
這里先用activity.setContentView(layoutId);跟我們常規(guī)設置的沒區(qū)別,然后用activity找到了decorView用于更新頁面,關于DecorView看這里,然后繼續(xù)跟bindToAddedViews:
private static <T extends ViewDataBinding> T bindToAddedViews(DataBindingComponent component,
ViewGroup parent, int startChildren, int layoutId) {
final int endChildren = parent.getChildCount();
final int childrenAdded = endChildren - startChildren;
if (childrenAdded == 1) {
final View childView = parent.getChildAt(endChildren - 1);
return bind(component, childView, layoutId);
} else {
final View[] children = new View[childrenAdded];
for (int i = 0; i < childrenAdded; i++) {
children[i] = parent.getChildAt(i + startChildren);
}
return bind(component, children, layoutId);
}
}
這里都調用了一個叫bind的方法,不同的是一個傳遞的是View,一個傳遞的是View數組,繼續(xù)跟:
static <T extends ViewDataBinding> T bind(DataBindingComponent bindingComponent, View[] roots,
int layoutId) {
return (T) sMapper.getDataBinder(bindingComponent, roots, layoutId);
}
static <T extends ViewDataBinding> T bind(DataBindingComponent bindingComponent, View root,
int layoutId) {
return (T) sMapper.getDataBinder(bindingComponent, root, layoutId);
}
繼續(xù)跟sMapper.getDataBinder發(fā)現(xiàn)這是個抽象類,看看在哪里實現(xiàn)了(方法是按option+command+B):

很顯然應該去我們自己的類里跟,那這里奇怪了,我們并沒有寫這個類,這個是Databinding里用APT技術自動生成的類:

APT生成的文件都在這里,APT在這里簡單介紹過,這里知道是自動生成文件的一種技術就行,跟進去這個
getDataBinder方法,同樣是兩個實現(xiàn),一個單個View的,一個View數組的:
@Override
public ViewDataBinding getDataBinder(DataBindingComponent component, View view, int layoutId) {
int localizedLayoutId = INTERNAL_LAYOUT_ID_LOOKUP.get(layoutId);
if(localizedLayoutId > 0) {
final Object tag = view.getTag();
if(tag == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("view must have a tag");
}
switch(localizedLayoutId) {
case LAYOUT_ACTIVITYMAIN: {
if ("layout/activity_main_0".equals(tag)) {
return new ActivityMainBindingImpl(component, view);
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("The tag for activity_main is invalid. Received: " + tag);
}
}
}
return null;
}
@Override
public ViewDataBinding getDataBinder(DataBindingComponent component, View[] views, int layoutId) {
if(views == null || views.length == 0) {
return null;
}
int localizedLayoutId = INTERNAL_LAYOUT_ID_LOOKUP.get(layoutId);
if(localizedLayoutId > 0) {
final Object tag = views[0].getTag();
if(tag == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("view must have a tag");
}
switch(localizedLayoutId) {
}
}
return null;
}
這里發(fā)現(xiàn)了從view里取tag的操作,下面這個實現(xiàn)只是檢查了view是否有tag,上面這個實現(xiàn)中有個layout/activity_main_0,沒錯,就是上面自動生成的XML中的tag,然后返回了個ActivityMainBindingImpl的實現(xiàn),這個文件也是自動生成的,點這個類繼續(xù)追:
public ActivityMainBindingImpl(@Nullable android.databinding.DataBindingComponent bindingComponent, @NonNull View root) {
this(bindingComponent, root, mapBindings(bindingComponent, root, 3, sIncludes, sViewsWithIds));
}
private ActivityMainBindingImpl(android.databinding.DataBindingComponent bindingComponent, View root, Object[] bindings) {
super(bindingComponent, root, 2
);
this.mboundView0 = (android.widget.LinearLayout) bindings[0];
this.mboundView0.setTag(null);
this.mboundView1 = (android.widget.EditText) bindings[1];
this.mboundView1.setTag(null);
this.mboundView2 = (android.widget.EditText) bindings[2];
this.mboundView2.setTag(null);
setRootTag(root);
// listeners
invalidateAll();
}
這里發(fā)現(xiàn)調用了mapBindings得到一個數組,并且調用了重載函數,追一下這個mapBindings先,這個函數比較長,但是里面可以看出一些重點:
private static void mapBindings(DataBindingComponent bindingComponent, View view, Object[] bindings, ViewDataBinding.IncludedLayouts includes, SparseIntArray viewsWithIds, boolean isRoot) {
...
if (isRoot && tag != null && tag.startsWith("layout")) {
...
} else if (tag != null && tag.startsWith("binding_")) {
...
if (!isBound) {
...
bindings[count] = view;
...
}
...
}
這里又發(fā)現(xiàn)一些熟悉的東西layout、binding_,正是剛才XML中View的Tag,看到這里我們得出這個函數是把剛才的XML文件解析出的控件放進一個數組中,然后繼續(xù)看上面那個重載函數,從數組中取出了這些控件,個這些控件取出的控件點一下看看,就是我們定義的一些控件:
// views
@NonNull
private final android.widget.LinearLayout mboundView0;
@NonNull
private final android.widget.EditText mboundView1;
@NonNull
private final android.widget.EditText mboundView2;
然后調用了invalidateAll(),繼續(xù)跟這個函數:
@Override
public void invalidateAll() {
synchronized(this) {
mDirtyFlags = 0x8L;
}
requestRebind();
}
繼續(xù)跟requestRebind():
protected void requestRebind() {
...
if (USE_CHOREOGRAPHER) {
mChoreographer.postFrameCallback(mFrameCallback);
} else {
mUIThreadHandler.post(mRebindRunnable);
}
}
}
這里的post(mRebindRunnable)跟下去會發(fā)現(xiàn)很多sendMessage的操作,這里就不貼了,
看看這個mRebindRunnable里做了什么,中間的過程不貼了,順序跟下來是這樣的:
executePendingBindings()->executeBindingsInternal()->executeBindings(),這個executeBindings是抽象的,需要看自己的實現(xiàn):
@Override
protected void executeBindings() {
...
// batch finished
if ((dirtyFlags & 0xdL) != 0) {
// api target 1
android.databinding.adapters.TextViewBindingAdapter.setText(this.mboundView1, userUsernameGet);
}
if ((dirtyFlags & 0x8L) != 0) {
// api target 1
android.databinding.adapters.TextViewBindingAdapter.setTextWatcher(this.mboundView1, (android.databinding.adapters.TextViewBindingAdapter.BeforeTextChanged)null, (android.databinding.adapters.TextViewBindingAdapter.OnTextChanged)null, (android.databinding.adapters.TextViewBindingAdapter.AfterTextChanged)null, mboundView1androidTextAttrChanged);
android.databinding.adapters.TextViewBindingAdapter.setTextWatcher(this.mboundView2, (android.databinding.adapters.TextViewBindingAdapter.BeforeTextChanged)null, (android.databinding.adapters.TextViewBindingAdapter.OnTextChanged)null, (android.databinding.adapters.TextViewBindingAdapter.AfterTextChanged)null, mboundView2androidTextAttrChanged);
}
if ((dirtyFlags & 0xeL) != 0) {
// api target 1
android.databinding.adapters.TextViewBindingAdapter.setText(this.mboundView2, userPasswordGet);
}
}
bulingbuling~~看到了什么?setText()和setTextWatcher()
這個代碼跟完之后,還有個地方需要注意的,就是這個類的靜態(tài)塊:
private static final OnAttachStateChangeListener ROOT_REATTACHED_LISTENER;
static {
if (VERSION.SDK_INT < VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
ROOT_REATTACHED_LISTENER = null;
} else {
ROOT_REATTACHED_LISTENER = new OnAttachStateChangeListener() {
@TargetApi(VERSION_CODES.KITKAT)
@Override
public void onViewAttachedToWindow(View v) {
// execute the pending bindings.
final ViewDataBinding binding = getBinding(v);
binding.mRebindRunnable.run();
v.removeOnAttachStateChangeListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onViewDetachedFromWindow(View v) {
}
};
}
}
這里有個OnAttachStateChangeListener,也就是每個Activity都會有一個監(jiān)聽View變化的,一旦有view變化,會調用mRebindRunnable.run(),mRebindRunnable上面已經跟過,是做刷新用的,也就是每個Activity都會有一個Runnable去做刷新工作。
代碼到這里看差不多了,有些沒貼到沒說到或者迷糊的地方進去點點,這里的代碼量并不大。
但是看代碼的過程也發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些問題,就是內存的開銷,其中主要有這么幾點:
- 有一個數組去存儲這些控件
-
ActivityMainBindingImpl這個類對應有個Runnable負責刷新 - 還看到一行這樣的代碼
mUIThreadHandler.post(mRebindRunnable),這個mUIThreadHandler也是一個Handler,Handler內部的Looper也會維持一個線程
這個ActivityMainBindingImpl是根據使用了Databinding的布局文件生成的,每一個是用了Databinding的布局都會生成這么一個文件,也可以理解問每一個Activity就會對應一個數組和兩個線程,數組的大小是該布局控件數量決定的。
隨著項目越來越大,使用Databinding的缺點也就越來越明顯:
- APT需要生成的文件也越來越多,編譯就會越來越慢
- 內存消耗越來越大