一 修辭目的題大家比較熟悉的是第一種對具體信息目的的提問,出題形式通常是以下幾種:
the author discuss x in order to?
why does the author mention x?
the author uses x as an example of ...?
在這種形式下,一般都是作者舉了個例子,題目問作者為什么要舉這個例子,舉例子一般都是為了能夠說明這個觀點,那么這道題就是在問具體例子與觀點之間的聯(lián)系。
例題:why does the author mention the views of Patrick kirch?
ans:to indicate the supposed proof for heverdahl's theory has an alternative explanation.
二 第二種修辭目的題的形式就是對段落目的的提問,出題形式。
what is the purpose of paragraph x?
這種情況就是問段落的主要目的是什么,其實是在問段落的主旨是什么。(注意首句末句)
對于這種類型的修辭目的題,我們做題的時候就要了解段落的主要內(nèi)容,看看這一段的大意在講什么,然后對照選項。選項中有可能會提到一些文中的細節(jié),但并不是這一段的主要內(nèi)容,所以我們要注意。下面是一道針對段落目的提問的例題:
in paragraph 1 and 2, the author‘s primary purpose is to
ans:describe how petroleum is formed
tips:常見段落組織結(jié)構(gòu)
1問題解決型(to solve this problem.../there are two answers)
suggesting an answer to a theoretical question
discussing a problem with two possible solutions
2現(xiàn)象解釋型(there are two explanations...)
a phenomenon is described and an interpretation presented and rejected
discussing a possible explanation for...
3新老觀點對比型(now/ today/currently/recently/however)
showing that a certain interpretation is better supported by the evidence?
recommending a different approach
describe an alternative hypothesis
tips: 若考查某段落的寫作目的(purpose),讀這一段的ts
若考查某段與其他段落的關(guān)系(relationship/larger discussion),先找到這個段落的ts,然后再根據(jù)題目要求看其前后段落的首句或尾句。
tips:讓步轉(zhuǎn)折:while(句首),although, though, even (though/if), despite, in spite of, but, yet, nevertheless, whereas
注意:補全轉(zhuǎn)折的語氣,注意雖然(although等)與但是(but等)后面跟的內(nèi)容別顛倒
tips:否定no, not, refuse to, cease, miss, unlikely, little, too...to, rather...than, more...than,一切表示沒有,拒絕,停止等否定概念的詞匯。
句句邏輯關(guān)系:
1論點論據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系(1,例證/支持-邏輯/功能關(guān)鍵詞)(2駁斥/反對-邏輯/功能關(guān)鍵詞)
2原因結(jié)果邏輯關(guān)系:細節(jié)題經(jīng)典技巧
句段邏輯關(guān)系:考查段落結(jié)構(gòu)/主旨-結(jié)構(gòu)式閱讀法經(jīng)典技巧
段段邏輯關(guān)系:考查2個段落結(jié)構(gòu)/主旨-注意段落銜接-上段末和下段首末