這里簡單整理下,lambda表達(dá)式相關(guān)內(nèi)容。
什么是lambda表達(dá)式
lambda表達(dá)式,是一個匿名函數(shù),用起來方便快捷一些
#lambda 參數(shù):操作(參數(shù))
fun_add = lambda x: x+1
print(fun_add(1))
print(fun_add(10))
這里,一個簡單的加1的函數(shù),看起來也很直觀
fun_add = lambda x,y: x+y
print(fun_add(3,4))
print(fun_add(8,9))
這是x+y的函數(shù),的確簡潔很多
看網(wǎng)上,提到lambda表達(dá)式的話,都會提到函數(shù)式編程,一些常用的函數(shù),像map,reduce,filter,sorted,
map函數(shù)
map是Python內(nèi)置的一個函數(shù),接收2個參數(shù),一個函數(shù),一個或多個可迭代參數(shù)
map(func, *iterables) --> map object
Make an iterator that computes the function using arguments from
each of the iterables. Stops when the shortest iterable is exhausted.
d1 = [1,2,3,4,5]
def add(x):
return x+10
t = map(add , d1)
print('原來的list:',d1)
print('執(zhí)行add后的list:',list(t))
我們定義了一個函數(shù),對傳入的參數(shù)加10,一個list

map把這個函數(shù),作用在每一個list的元素上,
這里呢,我們就可以用lambda表達(dá)式寫,方便又直觀
d1 = [1,2,3,4,5]
t = map(lambda x: x+10 , d1)
print('原來的list:',d1)
print('執(zhí)行add后的list:',list(t))
我們也可以傳2個list,這里會計(jì)算2個list的和
s1 = [1,2,3]
s2 = [4,5,6]
t = map(lambda x,y: x+y,s1,s2)
print(list(t)) ##[5, 7, 9]
reduce函數(shù)
reduce會將function作用于sequence,function接收2個參數(shù)
reduce(function, sequence[, initial]) -> value
Apply a function of two arguments cumulatively to the items of a sequence,
from left to right, so as to reduce the sequence to a single value.
For example, reduce(lambda x, y: x+y, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) calculates
((((1+2)+3)+4)+5). If initial is present, it is placed before the items
of the sequence in the calculation, and serves as a default when the
sequence is empty.
t = reduce(lambda x,y: x+y, [1,2,3])
print(t) #6,((1+2)+3)=6
t = reduce(lambda x,y: x*10+y,[1,2,3])
print(t) # ((1*10+2)*10+3)=123
filter函數(shù)
看名字,就是一個過濾的功能,對每個item調(diào)用function,只返回為True的
| filter(function or None, iterable) --> filter object
|
| Return an iterator yielding those items of iterable for which function(item)
| is true. If function is None, return the items that are true.
t = filter(lambda x: x<0,range(-5,5))
print(list(t)) #[-5, -4, -3, -2, -1]