Android 換膚原理
- 制作皮膚包,皮膚包相當(dāng)于一個apk,不過只包含了資源文件
- 獲取到皮膚包的Resource對象
- 標(biāo)記需要換膚的View
- 切換時刷新頁面
換膚用的Api
1.通過的Resource獲取皮膚包中資源(一般是圖片,顏色)的id值
public class Resources {
/********部分代碼省略*******/
/**
* 通過給的資源名稱返回一個資源的標(biāo)識id。
* @param name 描述資源的名稱
* @param defType 資源的類型
* @param defPackage 包名
*
* @return 返回資源id,0標(biāo)識未找到該資源
*/
public int getIdentifier(String name, String defType, String defPackage) {
if (name == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("name is null");
}
try {
return Integer.parseInt(name);
} catch (Exception e) {
// Ignore
}
return mAssets.getResourceIdentifier(name, defType, defPackage);
}
}
2. AssetManage用于構(gòu)造獲取皮膚包的Resource對象
創(chuàng)建一個包含皮膚包packageName的AssetManage對象實例
AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance();
/**
* apk路徑
*/
String apkPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/skin.apk";
AssetManager assetManager = null;
try {
AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance();
AssetManager.class.getDeclaredMethod("addAssetPath", String.class).invoke(assetManager, apkPath);
} catch (Throwable th) {
th.printStackTrace();
}
3. 創(chuàng)建獲取換膚包的Resource實例了:
public Resources getSkinResources(Context context){
/**
* 插件apk路徑
*/
String apkPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/skin.apk";
AssetManager assetManager = null;
try {
AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance();
AssetManager.class.getDeclaredMethod("addAssetPath", String.class).invoke(assetManager, apkPath);
} catch (Throwable th) {
th.printStackTrace();
}
return new Resources(assetManager, context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(), context.getResources().getConfiguration());
}
4. 使用皮膚包中的資源,對app進行換膚
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView);
TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text);
/**
* 插件資源對象
*/
Resources resources = getSkinResources(this);
/**
* 獲取圖片資源
*/
Drawable drawable = resources.getDrawable(resources.getIdentifier("night_icon", "drawable","com.tzx.skin"));
/**
* 獲取Color資源
*/
int color = resources.getColor(resources.getIdentifier("night_color","color","com.tzx.skin"));
imageView.setImageDrawable(drawable);
textView.setText(text);
}
Android-Skin-Loader 換膚原理
1.load皮膚包
/**
* Load resources from apk in asyc task
* @param skinPackagePath path of skin apk
* @param callback callback to notify user
*/
public void load(String skinPackagePath, final ILoaderListener callback) {
new AsyncTask<String, Void, Resources>() {
protected void onPreExecute() {
if (callback != null) {
callback.onStart();
}
};
@Override
protected Resources doInBackground(String... params) {
try {
if (params.length == 1) {
String skinPkgPath = params[0];
File file = new File(skinPkgPath);
if(file == null || !file.exists()){
return null;
}
PackageManager mPm = context.getPackageManager();
//檢索程序外的一個安裝包文件
PackageInfo mInfo = mPm.getPackageArchiveInfo(skinPkgPath, PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
//獲取安裝包報名
skinPackageName = mInfo.packageName;
//構(gòu)建換膚的AssetManager實例
AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance();
Method addAssetPath = assetManager.getClass().getMethod("addAssetPath", String.class);
addAssetPath.invoke(assetManager, skinPkgPath);
//構(gòu)建換膚的Resources實例
Resources superRes = context.getResources();
Resources skinResource = new Resources(assetManager,superRes.getDisplayMetrics(),superRes.getConfiguration());
//存儲當(dāng)前皮膚路徑
SkinConfig.saveSkinPath(context, skinPkgPath);
skinPath = skinPkgPath;
isDefaultSkin = false;
return skinResource;
}
return null;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
};
protected void onPostExecute(Resources result) {
mResources = result;
if (mResources != null) {
if (callback != null) callback.onSuccess();
//更新多有可換膚的界面
notifySkinUpdate();
}else{
isDefaultSkin = true;
if (callback != null) callback.onFailed();
}
};
}.execute(skinPackagePath);
}
2. 換膚頁面的基類,設(shè)置布局文件加載器LayoutInflate.Fatory
用于在加載布局文件創(chuàng)建View的時候,統(tǒng)計需要換膚的View對象
public class BaseFragmentActivity extends FragmentActivity implements ISkinUpdate, IDynamicNewView{
/***部分代碼省略****/
//自定義LayoutInflater.Factory
private SkinInflaterFactory mSkinInflaterFactory;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
try {
//設(shè)置LayoutInflater的mFactorySet為true,表示還未設(shè)置mFactory,否則會拋出異常。
Field field = LayoutInflater.class.getDeclaredField("mFactorySet");
field.setAccessible(true);
field.setBoolean(getLayoutInflater(), false);
//設(shè)置LayoutInflater的MFactory
mSkinInflaterFactory = new SkinInflaterFactory();
getLayoutInflater().setFactory(mSkinInflaterFactory);
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
//注冊皮膚管理對象
SkinManager.getInstance().attach(this);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
//反注冊皮膚管理對象
SkinManager.getInstance().detach(this);
}
}
3. SkinInflaterFactory 自定義布局文件加載器
在某個界面初始化在加載布局文件中的View的時候,通過自定義的布局文件解析器,創(chuàng)建View。
這里有一個判斷,每次創(chuàng)建View的時候,會判斷改View的skin:enable屬性,如果為false,則不支持換膚,直接返回null,將View的創(chuàng)建的流程交給Activity自己創(chuàng)建。只有shin:enable屬性為true的時候,才會自己創(chuàng)建View對象,并且在創(chuàng)建的View的同時,解析支持換膚的屬性
public class SkinInflaterFactory implements Factory {
public View onCreateView(String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
//讀取View的skin:enable屬性,false為不需要換膚
// if this is NOT enable to be skined , simplly skip it
boolean isSkinEnable = attrs.getAttributeBooleanValue(SkinConfig.NAMESPACE, SkinConfig.ATTR_SKIN_ENABLE, false);
if (!isSkinEnable){
return null;
}
//創(chuàng)建View
View view = createView(context, name, attrs);
if (view == null){
return null;
}
//如果View創(chuàng)建成功,對View進行換膚
parseSkinAttr(context, attrs, view);
return view;
}
//創(chuàng)建View,類比可以查看LayoutInflater的createViewFromTag方法
private View createView(Context context, String name, AttributeSet attrs) {
View view = null;
try {
if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')){
if ("View".equals(name)) {
view = LayoutInflater.from(context).createView(name, "android.view.", attrs);
}
if (view == null) {
view = LayoutInflater.from(context).createView(name, "android.widget.", attrs);
}
if (view == null) {
view = LayoutInflater.from(context).createView(name, "android.webkit.", attrs);
}
}else {
view = LayoutInflater.from(context).createView(name, null, attrs);
}
L.i("about to create " + name);
} catch (Exception e) {
L.e("error while create 【" + name + "】 : " + e.getMessage());
view = null;
}
return view;
}
}
4. 創(chuàng)建了View之后,解析布局文件中View定義的換膚屬性
解析View的屬性,在某些屬性(比如background,)支持換膚的時候,會將解析到的屬性保存在一個SkinItem的對象中,每解析一個View都會生成一個SkinItem對象,然后保存在一個ArrayList<SkinItem> 集合中,在點擊切換按鈕的時候,會遍歷該List,替換資源。
public class SkinInflaterFactory implements Factory {
//存儲當(dāng)前Activity中的需要換膚的View
private List<SkinItem> mSkinItems = new ArrayList<SkinItem>();
private void parseSkinAttr(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, View view) {
//當(dāng)前View的所有屬性標(biāo)簽
List<SkinAttr> viewAttrs = new ArrayList<SkinAttr>();
for (int i = 0; i < attrs.getAttributeCount(); i++){
String attrName = attrs.getAttributeName(i);
String attrValue = attrs.getAttributeValue(i);
if(!AttrFactory.isSupportedAttr(attrName)){
continue;
}
//過濾view屬性標(biāo)簽中屬性的value的值為引用類型
if(attrValue.startsWith("@")){
try {
int id = Integer.parseInt(attrValue.substring(1));
String entryName = context.getResources().getResourceEntryName(id);
String typeName = context.getResources().getResourceTypeName(id);
//構(gòu)造SkinAttr實例,attrname,id,entryName,typeName
//屬性的名稱(background)、屬性的id值(int類型),屬性的id值(@+id,string類型),屬性的值類型(color)
SkinAttr mSkinAttr = AttrFactory.get(attrName, id, entryName, typeName);
if (mSkinAttr != null) {
viewAttrs.add(mSkinAttr);
}
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
//如果當(dāng)前View需要換膚,那么添加在mSkinItems中
if(!ListUtils.isEmpty(viewAttrs)){
SkinItem skinItem = new SkinItem();
skinItem.view = view;
skinItem.attrs = viewAttrs;
mSkinItems.add(skinItem);
//是否是使用外部皮膚進行換膚
if(SkinManager.getInstance().isExternalSkin()){
skinItem.apply();
}
}
}
}
5. 在進行換膚的時候,替換資源
通過當(dāng)前的資源id,找到對應(yīng)的資源name。再從皮膚包中找到該資源name所對應(yīng)的資源id。
public class SkinManager implements ISkinLoader{
/***部分代碼省略****/
public int getColor(int resId){
int originColor = context.getResources().getColor(resId);
//是否沒有下載皮膚或者當(dāng)前使用默認皮膚
if(mResources == null || isDefaultSkin){
return originColor;
}
//根據(jù)resId值獲取對應(yīng)的xml的的@+id的String類型的值
String resName = context.getResources().getResourceEntryName(resId);
//更具resName在皮膚包的mResources中獲取對應(yīng)的resId
int trueResId = mResources.getIdentifier(resName, "color", skinPackageName);
int trueColor = 0;
try{
//根據(jù)resId獲取對應(yīng)的資源value
trueColor = mResources.getColor(trueResId);
}catch(NotFoundException e){
e.printStackTrace();
trueColor = originColor;
}
return trueColor;
}
public Drawable getDrawable(int resId){...}
}
這樣整個換膚的流程就走完了