1 添加網(wǎng)絡(luò)庫(kù)
在 build.gradle 中添加 okhttp3 庫(kù):
compile 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.10.0'
2 定義監(jiān)聽(tīng)器
定義下載監(jiān)聽(tīng)器,監(jiān)聽(tīng)下載過(guò)程中的各種情況:
public interface DownloadListener {
/**
* 當(dāng)前下載進(jìn)度
*
* @param progress 下載進(jìn)度
*/
void onProgress(int progress);
/**
* 下載成功
*/
void onSuccess();
/**
* 下載失敗
*/
void onFailed();
/**
* 暫停下載
*/
void onPaused();
/**
* 取消下載
*/
void onCanceled();
}
3 定義異步下載任務(wù)
public class DownloadTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, DownloadTask.DownloadResult> {
private static final String TAG = "DownloadTask";
/**
* 下載結(jié)果
*/
public enum DownloadResult {
//下載成功
SUCCESS,
//下載失敗
FAILED,
//下載被暫停
PAUSED,
//下載被取消
CANCELED
}
//是否取消下載
private boolean isCanceled = false;
//是否暫停下載
private boolean isPaused = false;
//上一次的下載進(jìn)度
private int lastProgress;
private DownloadListener listener;
public DownloadTask(DownloadListener listener) {
this.listener = listener;
}
/**
* 下載
*
* @param params
* @return
*/
@Override
protected DownloadResult doInBackground(String... params) {
InputStream inputStream = null;
RandomAccessFile downloadedFile = null;
File file = null;
try {
long downloadedLength = 0;//文件已下載的大小
String url = params[0];//獲取下載地址
String fileName = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("/"));
//指定 SD 卡的 Download 目錄
String directory = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getPath();
file = new File(directory + fileName);
if (file.exists()) {//文件已存在,則讀取已下載的文件字節(jié)數(shù)(用于斷點(diǎn)續(xù)傳)
downloadedLength = file.length();
}
long contentLength = getContentLength(url);//獲取待下載文件的總長(zhǎng)度
Log.d(TAG, "doInBackground: 待下載文件的總長(zhǎng)度:" + contentLength);
Log.d(TAG, "doInBackground: 已下載文件的總長(zhǎng)度:" + downloadedLength);
if (contentLength == 0) {//下載失敗
return DownloadResult.FAILED;
} else if (contentLength == downloadedLength) {//下載成功
return DownloadResult.SUCCESS;
}
OkHttpClient client = buildHttpClient();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
//指定從那個(gè)字節(jié)開(kāi)始下載,即【斷點(diǎn)下載】
.addHeader("RANGE", "bytes=" + downloadedLength + "-")
.url(url)
.build();
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
if (response != null) {
inputStream = response.body().byteStream();
downloadedFile = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw");
downloadedFile.seek(downloadedLength);//跳轉(zhuǎn)到未下載的字節(jié)節(jié)點(diǎn)
byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
int total = 0;//下載的總字節(jié)數(shù)
int readLength;//讀取的字節(jié)數(shù)
while ((readLength = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1) {
//在下載的過(guò)程中,判斷下載是否被取消或者被暫停
if (isCanceled) {//取消
return DownloadResult.CANCELED;
} else if (isPaused) {//暫停
return DownloadResult.PAUSED;
} else {
total += readLength;
downloadedFile.write(bytes, 0, readLength);
//計(jì)算已下載的進(jìn)度(單位:百分比)
int progress = (int) ((total + downloadedLength) * 100 / contentLength);
//發(fā)布下載進(jìn)度
publishProgress(progress);
}
}
response.body().close();
return DownloadResult.SUCCESS;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (inputStream != null) {
inputStream.close();
}
if (downloadedFile != null) {
downloadedFile.close();
}
if (isCanceled && file != null) {
file.delete();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return DownloadResult.FAILED;
}
@NonNull
private OkHttpClient buildHttpClient() {
return new OkHttpClient.Builder().retryOnConnectionFailure(true).connectTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS).build();
}
/**
* 更新當(dāng)前的下載進(jìn)度
*
* @param values
*/
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
int progress = values[0];
if (progress > lastProgress) {
listener.onProgress(progress);
lastProgress = progress;
}
}
/**
* 根據(jù)下載結(jié)果調(diào)用相應(yīng)的回調(diào)方法
*
* @param result
*/
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(DownloadResult result) {
switch (result) {
case SUCCESS:
listener.onSuccess();
break;
case FAILED:
listener.onFailed();
break;
case PAUSED:
listener.onPaused();
break;
case CANCELED:
listener.onCanceled();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
/**
* 暫停下載
*/
public void pause() {
isPaused = true;
}
/**
* 取消下載
*/
public void cancel() {
isCanceled = true;
}
/**
* 獲取待下載文件的總長(zhǎng)度
*
* @param url 下載文件地址
* @return
*/
private long getContentLength(String url) throws IOException {
Log.d(TAG, "getContentLength:url:" + url);
OkHttpClient client = buildHttpClient();
Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
if (response != null && response.isSuccessful()) {
long contentLength = response.body().contentLength();
response.close();
return contentLength;
} else {
return 0;
}
}
}
DownloadTask 類(lèi)做了這些工作:
1、繼承 AsyncTask 類(lèi)并傳入三個(gè)參數(shù):
extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, DownloadTask.DownloadResult>
| 參數(shù) | 說(shuō)明 |
|---|---|
| String | 表示傳遞到后臺(tái)服務(wù)的參數(shù)類(lèi)型,這里參數(shù)指的是文件下載 URL 地址。 |
| Integer | 表示使用整型數(shù)據(jù)作為下載進(jìn)度的顯示單位。 |
| DownloadResult | 使用 DownloadResult 枚舉類(lèi)型來(lái)定義下載結(jié)果。 |
2、定義了枚舉類(lèi)型的下載結(jié)果。
3、重寫(xiě)了這些方法:
- doInBackground - 執(zhí)行下載操作。
- onProgressUpdate - 更新當(dāng)前的下載進(jìn)度。
- onPostExecute - 根據(jù)下載結(jié)果調(diào)用相應(yīng)的回調(diào)方法。
在 doInBackground 中,根據(jù)已下載的文件字節(jié)總數(shù)與要下載的字節(jié)總數(shù)做比較,讓程序直接跳過(guò)已下載的字節(jié),所以支持?jǐn)帱c(diǎn)續(xù)傳哦O(∩_∩)O哈哈~
4 定義下載服務(wù)
public class DownloadService extends Service {
private DownloadTask task;
private String url;
public static final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 1;
private DownloadListener listener = new DownloadListener() {
@Override
public void onProgress(int progress) {
getNotificationManager().notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, buildNotification("下載中……", progress));
}
@Override
public void onSuccess() {
task = null;
//關(guān)閉前臺(tái)服務(wù)
stopForeground(true);
//通知下載成功
getNotificationManager().notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, buildNotification("下載成功", -1));
Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this, "下載成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
@Override
public void onFailed() {
task = null;
//關(guān)閉前臺(tái)服務(wù)
stopForeground(true);
//通知下載失敗
getNotificationManager().notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, buildNotification("下載失敗", -1));
Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this, "下載失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
@Override
public void onPaused() {
task = null;
Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this, "暫停下載", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
@Override
public void onCanceled() {
task = null;
//關(guān)閉前臺(tái)服務(wù)
stopForeground(true);
//通知下載取消
Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this, "取消下載", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
};
private NotificationManager getNotificationManager() {
return (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
}
/**
* 構(gòu)建【下載進(jìn)度】通知
*
* @param title 通知標(biāo)題
* @param progress 下載進(jìn)度
*/
private Notification buildNotification(String title, int progress) {
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
builder.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
builder.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.mipmap.ic_launcher));
builder.setContentTitle(title);
int requestCode = 0;
int flags = PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT;
builder.setContentIntent(PendingIntent.getActivity(this, requestCode, intent, flags));
if (progress > 0) {
builder.setContentText(progress + "%");
builder.setProgress(100, progress, false);
}
return builder.build();
}
public DownloadService() {
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return new DownloadBinder();
}
/**
* 通過(guò) Binder 讓服務(wù)與活動(dòng)之間實(shí)現(xiàn)通信
*/
protected class DownloadBinder extends Binder {
/**
* 開(kāi)始下載
*
* @param url
*/
public void start(String url) {
if (task == null) {
DownloadService.this.url = url;
task = new DownloadTask(listener);
task.execute(url);
startForeground(NOTIFICATION_ID, buildNotification("開(kāi)始下載……", 0));
Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this, "開(kāi)始下載……", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
/**
* 暫停下載
*/
public void pause() {
if (task != null) {
task.pause();
}
}
/**
* 取消下載
*/
public void cancel() {
if (task != null) {
task.cancel();
return;
}
if (url == null) {
return;
}
//刪除已下載文件
String fileName = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("/"));
String directory = Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS).getPath();
File file = new File(directory + fileName);
if (file.exists()) {
file.delete();
}
//關(guān)閉通知
getNotificationManager().cancel(NOTIFICATION_ID);
stopForeground(true);
Toast.makeText(DownloadService.this, "被取消", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
這個(gè)大類(lèi)做了以下工作:
- 通過(guò)匿名類(lèi)創(chuàng)建了 DownloadListener 實(shí)例。
- 構(gòu)建【下載進(jìn)度】通知。
- 通過(guò) Binder 讓服務(wù)與活動(dòng)之間實(shí)現(xiàn)通信。
這里的 setProgress 定義如下:
public Builder setProgress(int max, int progress, boolean indeterminate)
| 參數(shù) | 說(shuō)明 |
|---|---|
| max | 最大進(jìn)度。 |
| progress | 當(dāng)前進(jìn)度。 |
| indeterminate | 是否使用模糊進(jìn)度條。 |
5 定義控制按鈕
布局文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<Button
android:id="@+id/start"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="開(kāi)始下載" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/pause"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="暫停下載" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/cancel"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="取消下載" />
</LinearLayout>
這里,我們定義了【開(kāi)始】、【暫?!颗c【取消】按鈕。
6 定義活動(dòng)類(lèi)
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
public static final int REQUEST_CODE = 1;
private DownloadService.DownloadBinder binder;
private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
binder = (DownloadService.DownloadBinder) service;
}
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
findViewById(R.id.start).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.pause).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.cancel).setOnClickListener(this);
Intent intent = new Intent(this, DownloadService.class);
//啟動(dòng)服務(wù),讓【下載】服務(wù)持續(xù)在后臺(tái)運(yùn)行
startService(intent);
//綁定服務(wù),讓活動(dòng)與服務(wù)之間實(shí)現(xiàn)通信
bindService(intent, connection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
//申請(qǐng)權(quán)限
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
REQUEST_CODE);
}
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (binder == null) {
return;
}
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.start:
String url = "http://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache/maven/maven-3/3.5.4/binaries/apache-maven-3.5.4-bin.zip";
binder.start(url);
break;
case R.id.pause:
binder.pause();
break;
case R.id.cancel:
binder.cancel();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case REQUEST_CODE:
if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
Toast.makeText(this, "權(quán)限被拒絕啦", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
//解綁服務(wù)
unbindService(connection);
}
}
活動(dòng)類(lèi)中做了這些事:
- 建立與服務(wù)的綁定關(guān)系。
- 為按鈕定義點(diǎn)擊事件。
- 申請(qǐng)權(quán)限。
注意: 在 onDestroy() 中要記得解綁服務(wù)哦。
在代碼中,我們把 Maven 作為下載演示路徑。O(∩_∩)O哈哈~
7 聲明權(quán)限與服務(wù)
AndroidManifest.xml
<!--網(wǎng)絡(luò)權(quán)限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<!--訪問(wèn) SD 卡權(quán)限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service
android:name=".DownloadService"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true"></service>
</application>
8 運(yùn)行
第一次運(yùn)行會(huì)彈出權(quán)限申請(qǐng):

點(diǎn)擊 ALLOW 后,就可以點(diǎn)擊相應(yīng)的按鈕進(jìn)行下載控制啦。點(diǎn)擊【開(kāi)始】按鈕后,可以在通知中看到下載進(jìn)度:

一個(gè)支持?jǐn)帱c(diǎn)續(xù)傳的 Android 下載服務(wù)就完成啦,是不是很有成就感呀O(∩_∩)O哈哈~