Healing Architecture 2
So the following year, I decided to go to architecture school.
But there, I learned something different about buildings.?
Recognition seemed to come to those who prioritized novel and sculptural forms, like ribbons, or pickles?
PS:那些優(yōu)先考慮新穎和雕塑形式的人，比如絲帶或泡菜，似乎開始認(rèn)識到了
Recognition認(rèn)出;?認(rèn)識;?識別;?承認(rèn);?認(rèn)可;?贊譽(yù);?賞識;?獎(jiǎng)賞
seemed好像，似乎，看來;?感到好像，覺得似乎;?看來好像;?seem的過去分詞和過去式
come to恢復(fù)知覺;?蘇醒
prioritized按重要性排列;?劃分優(yōu)先順序;?優(yōu)先處理;?prioritize的過去分詞和過去式
novel小說;?新穎的;?與眾不同的;?珍奇的
sculptural雕刻的;雕塑的
forms類型;?種類;?形式;?外表;?樣子;?表格;?出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生;?形成;?成形，組成;?制作;?form的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)
ribbons帶子;?絲帶;?帶狀物;?狹長的東西;?綬帶;?勛帶;?ribbon的復(fù)數(shù)
pickles泡菜;?腌菜;?菜醬;?腌漬;?pickle的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)
And I think this is supposed to be a snail.
Something about this bothered me.?
Why was it that the best architects, the greatest architecture,? all beautiful and visionary and innovative, is also so rare, and seems to serve so very few??
PS:為什么最好的建筑師，最偉大的建筑，都是美麗的，有遠(yuǎn)見的和創(chuàng)新的，也是如此罕見，似乎服務(wù)如此之少？
architects建筑師;?設(shè)計(jì)師;?締造者;?創(chuàng)造者;?architect的復(fù)數(shù)
greatest很好地;?極好地;?很棒地;?大的;?巨大的;?數(shù)量大的;?眾多的;?很;?非常的;?很多的;?極大的;?great的最高級
architecture建筑學(xué);?建筑設(shè)計(jì);?建筑風(fēng)格;?體系結(jié)構(gòu);?結(jié)構(gòu)
beautiful美麗的;?美好的;?很好的;?出色的;?巧妙的
visionary有眼力的;?有創(chuàng)見的;?有遠(yuǎn)見卓識的;?夢幻的;?耽于幻想的;?宗教異象的;?神示的;?有眼力的人;?有遠(yuǎn)見卓識的人
innovative引進(jìn)新思想的;?采用新方法的;?革新的;?創(chuàng)新的
rare稀少的;?稀罕的;?珍貴的;?半熟的;?半生的
seems好像，似乎，看來;?感到好像，覺得似乎;?看來好像;?seem的第三人稱單數(shù)
serve提供;?端上;?夠…吃;?接待;?服務(wù);?發(fā)球
very few極少數(shù)的；非常少;?屈指可數(shù)
And more to the point: With all of this creative talent, what more could we do?
Just as I was about to start my final exams, I decided to take a break from an all-nighter? and go to a lecture by Dr. Paul Farmer,a leading health activist for the global poor.
PS:就在我即將開始期末考試的時(shí)候，我決定休息一整晚，去聽保羅·法默博士的演講，他是全球貧困人口的主要健康活動(dòng)家。
Just as正像;?正在…的時(shí)候
about to集中;?眼看就要
exams考試;?檢查;?體檢;?exam的復(fù)數(shù)
decided明顯的;?明白無誤的;?確實(shí)無疑的;?對…作出抉擇;?決定;?選定;?裁決;?判決;?影響…的結(jié)果;?decide的過去分詞和過去式
take a break休息一下
go to去…;?費(fèi)工夫；花錢;?求助于；求教于
lecture講座，講課，演講;?教訓(xùn)，訓(xùn)斥，譴責(zé);?開講座，講授，講課;?指責(zé)，訓(xùn)斥，告誡
Paul保羅（男子教名，亦作姓用，源于拉丁語姓名Paulus；它的西班牙語變體是Pablo；意大利語變體是Paolo；俄語變體是Pavel）;?保羅;?使徒保羅
Farmer農(nóng)場主;?農(nóng)人
activist積極分子;?活躍分子
I was surprised to hear a doctor talking about architecture.?
Buildings are making people sicker, he said, and for the poorest in the world, this is causing epidemic-level problems.?
PS:他說，建筑使人們生病，對世界上最貧窮的人來說，這造成了流行病級別的問題。
making生產(chǎn);?制造;?做;?組裝;?寫;?出產(chǎn);?制訂;?鋪床;?make的現(xiàn)在分詞
people人;?人們;?大家;?人民，國民;?民族;?種族;?居住在;?把…擠滿人;?住滿居民;?person的復(fù)數(shù)
sicker生病的，有病的;?想嘔吐;?惡心;?暈船;?暈機(jī);?暈車;?sick的比較級
said說;?講;?告訴;?念;?朗誦;?背誦;?表達(dá)，表述;?say的過去分詞和過去式
poorest貧窮的;?貧寒的;?清貧的;?貧困者;?窮人;?可憐的;?不幸的;?令人同情的;?poor的最高級
causing使發(fā)生;?造成;?引起;?導(dǎo)致;?cause的現(xiàn)在分詞
problems棘手的問題;?難題;?困難;?邏輯題;?數(shù)學(xué)題;?problem的復(fù)數(shù)
In this hospital in South Africa, patients that came in with, say, a broken leg, to wait in this unventilated hallway,? walked out with a multidrug-resistant strand of tuberculosis.?
PS:在南非的這家醫(yī)院里，一些病人，比如說，因?yàn)橥炔抗钦?，在這條沒有通風(fēng)的走廊里等待治療，他們帶著一股耐多藥的結(jié)核病離開了醫(yī)院。
South Africa南非;?位于非洲南部
broken leg斷腿;?斷了的家具腿
wait in在家等候
hallway走廊，過道;?門廳
unventilated 不通風(fēng)的;使不通風(fēng);空氣不流暢的
walked走;?行走;?步行;?徒步旅行;?散步;?陪伴…走;?護(hù)送…走;?walk的過去分詞和過去式
strand股，縷;?部分，方面;?岸，濱;?使滯留;?使擱淺
tuberculosis結(jié)核病
Simple designs for infection control had not been thought about, and people had died because of it.
PS:沒有考慮過簡單的感染控制設(shè)計(jì)，人們因此而死亡。
Simple易于理解的;?易做的;?簡單的;?樸素的;?簡樸的;?不加裝飾的;?純粹的，完全的，不折不扣的
designs設(shè)計(jì);?布局;?安排;?設(shè)計(jì)藝術(shù);?構(gòu)思;?設(shè)計(jì)圖樣;?設(shè)計(jì)方案;?制圖;?計(jì)劃;?籌劃;?制訂;?制造;?意欲;?design的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)
infection傳染;?感染;?傳染病
control管理權(quán)，控制權(quán)，支配權(quán);?控制能力;?限制;?限定;?約束;?管理;?管制;?指揮;?控制;?掌管;?支配;?阻止蔓延
been曾經(jīng)到過;?are的過去分詞;?be的過去分詞
thought想法;?看法;?主意;?記憶;?心思;?思想;?思考能力;?思維過程;?思考;?思維;?認(rèn)為;?以為;?想;?思索;?琢磨;?think的過去分詞和過去式
people人;?人們;?大家;?人民，國民;?民族;?種族;?居住在;?把…擠滿人;?住滿居民;?person的復(fù)數(shù)
died死;?死亡;?凋謝;?消失;?消亡;?滅亡;?停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);?die的過去分詞和過去式
because of因?yàn)?，由于①because of是復(fù)合介詞，其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或由what引
"Where are the architects?" Paul said.?
If hospitals are making people sicker, where are the architects and designers to help us build and design hospitals that allow us to heal?
Exercises：
1.Why does Murphy show several examples of buildings?
to illustrate modern architecture's emphasis on form and appearance.
2.Why did?Dr. Paul Farmer express the need for architects?
ospitals were designed in a way that made patients sicker.?
3.Architecture involves...
designing and constructing buildings.
4.an innovative building design...
introduces something new.
Fill in the blanks：
If hospitals are making people sicker, where are the architects and designers to help us build and design hospitals that allow us to heal?
That following summer, I was in the back of a Land Rover with a few classmates, bumping over the mountainous hillside of Rwanda.?
ps:第二年夏天，我和幾個(gè)同學(xué)坐在一輛路虎的后座上，在盧旺達(dá)的山坡上顛簸。
following接著的;?下述的;?下列的;?擁護(hù)者，追隨者;?下述;?下列;?如下;?在以后;?由于;?跟隨;?跟著;?在…后發(fā)生，因…而發(fā)生;?在…后做;?follow的現(xiàn)在分詞
summer夏天;?夏季
in the back of在…后面
a few幾個(gè);?〔反語〕很多;?一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)
classmates同班同學(xué);?classmate的復(fù)數(shù)
bumping碰，撞;?碰上，撞上;?顛簸行進(jìn);?bump的現(xiàn)在分詞
mountainous多山的;?巨大的;?山一般的
hillside小山坡
For the next year, I'd be living in Butaro in this old guesthouse, which was a jail after the genocide.?
ps:接下來的一年，我會住在布塔羅的一個(gè)舊賓館里，那是種族滅絕之后的一個(gè)監(jiān)獄。
old具體年齡;?歲;?年紀(jì);?老的;?年紀(jì)大的;?不年輕的;?老年人
guesthouse小旅館;?客棧;?客房
which哪一個(gè);?哪一些;?…的那個(gè)，…的那些;?那個(gè)，那些
jail監(jiān)獄;?監(jiān)禁
after在…后;?表示反復(fù)不斷或一個(gè)接著一個(gè);?跟隨;?追趕;?在后面;?在…以后;?后來;?以后;?后來的;?以后的
genocide種族滅絕;?大屠殺
I was there to design and build a new type of hospital with Dr. Farmer and his team.?
If hallways are making patients sicker,? what if we could design a hospital that flips the hallways on the outside, and makes people walk in the exterior??
ps:如果走廊讓病人生病，如果我們能設(shè)計(jì)一家醫(yī)院，把走廊翻到外面，讓人們在外面走，那會怎么樣？
hallways走廊，過道;?門廳;?hallway的復(fù)數(shù)
patients接受治療者，病人;?病人;?受動(dòng)者;?patient的復(fù)數(shù)
sicker生病的，有病的;?想嘔吐;?惡心;?暈船;?暈機(jī);?暈車;?sick的比較級
what if如果…怎么辦
hospital醫(yī)院
flips快速翻轉(zhuǎn)，迅速翻動(dòng);?按;?開;?輕拋，輕擲;?flip的第三人稱單數(shù)
makes制造;?做;?組裝;?寫;?出產(chǎn);?制訂;?鋪床;?make的第三人稱單數(shù)
walk in走進(jìn);?未經(jīng)許可進(jìn)入;?〈非正〉輕易地找到工作
exterior外部，外觀，表面，外貌;?外貌，外表;?外面的;?外部的;?外表的
If mechanical systems rarely work, what if we could design a hospital that could breathe through natural ventilation, and meanwhile reduce its environmental footprint?
ps:如果機(jī)械系統(tǒng)很少工作，如果我們能設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)醫(yī)院，通過自然通風(fēng)呼吸，同時(shí)減少其環(huán)境足跡呢？
mechanical機(jī)動(dòng)的;?機(jī)械驅(qū)動(dòng)的;?機(jī)械的;?機(jī)器的;?發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的;?機(jī)械般的;?呆頭呆腦的;?無思想的
rarely罕有;?很少;?不常
what if如果…怎么辦
hospital醫(yī)院
breathe through賦予生氣
natural ventilation自然通風(fēng)
meanwhile同時(shí);?與此同時(shí);?其間;?對比之下;?其時(shí)，其間
reduce減少，縮小;?蒸發(fā);?減輕體重;?節(jié)食
environmental自然環(huán)境的;?生態(tài)環(huán)境的;?有關(guān)環(huán)境的;?環(huán)境的
footprint腳印;?足跡;?空間量，面積;?覆蓋區(qū)
And what about the patients' experience??
Evidence shows that a simple view of nature can radically improve health outcomes.
ps:有證據(jù)表明，簡單的自然觀可以從根本上改善健康狀況。
Evidence根據(jù);?證明;?證據(jù);?證據(jù)，證詞，人證，物證;?表明;?作為…的證據(jù)
shows表明;?證明;?給…看;?出示;?展示;?教，解說;?演示;?show的第三人稱單數(shù)
simple易于理解的;?易做的;?簡單的;?樸素的;?簡樸的;?不加裝飾的;?純粹的，完全的，不折不扣的
radically根本地;?徹底地
improve改進(jìn);?改善
outcomes結(jié)果;?效果;?outcome的復(fù)數(shù)
So why couldn't we design a hospital where every patient had a window with a view??
Simple, site-specific designs can make a hospital that heals.
ps:簡單的，特定地點(diǎn)的設(shè)計(jì)可以使醫(yī)院愈合。
Simple易于理解的;?易做的;?簡單的;?樸素的;?簡樸的;?不加裝飾的;?純粹的，完全的，不折不扣的
designs設(shè)計(jì);?布局;?安排;?設(shè)計(jì)藝術(shù);?構(gòu)思;?設(shè)計(jì)圖樣;?設(shè)計(jì)方案;?制圖;?計(jì)劃;?籌劃;?制訂;?制造;?意欲;?design的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)
make制造;?做;?組裝;?寫;?出產(chǎn);?制訂;?鋪床;?品牌，型號
hospital醫(yī)院
heals康復(fù)，復(fù)原;?治愈;?使又愉快起來;?結(jié)束，較容易忍受;?heal的第三人稱單數(shù)
Designing it is one thing; getting it built, we learned, is quite another.
We worked with Bruce Nizeye, a brilliant engineer, and he thought about construction differently than I had been taught in school.?
When we had to excavate this enormous hilltop and a bulldozer was expensive and hard to get to site, Bruce suggested doing it by hand, using a method in Rwanda called "Ubudehe," which means "community works for the community."?
ps:當(dāng)我們不得不挖掘這座巨大的山頂，一臺推土機(jī)又貴又難到達(dá)現(xiàn)場時(shí)，布魯斯建議用手工，在盧旺達(dá)使用一種叫做“Ubudehe”的方法，意思是“社區(qū)為社區(qū)工作”
excavate發(fā)掘，挖出;?挖掘，開鑿，挖空
enormous巨大的;?龐大的;?極大的
hilltop小山頂
bulldozer推土機(jī)
expensive昂貴的;?花錢多的;?價(jià)格高的
Bruce布魯塞
by hand用手工
Hundreds of people came with shovels and hoes, and we excavated that hill in half the time and half the cost of that bulldozer.?
ps:成百上千的人帶著鏟子和鋤頭來了，我們用了一半的時(shí)間和推土機(jī)一半的成本挖出了那座山。
came來;?來到;?到達(dá)，抵達(dá);?來做;?來取;?來拿;?come的過去式
shovels鏟;?鐵鏟;?鏟，鏟形部分;?鏟起;?shovel的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)
hoes鋤頭;?用鋤頭鋤地;?hoe的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)
excavated發(fā)掘，挖出;?挖掘，開鑿，挖空;?excavate的過去分詞和過去式
hill山丘;?小山;?斜坡
in half分成兩半
half一半;?半;?半場，半局;?半品脫;?半數(shù);?絕大部分;?到一半程度;?部分地
bulldozer推土機(jī)
Instead of importing furniture, Bruce started a guild, and he brought in master carpenters to train others in how to make furniture by hand.?
ps:布魯斯沒有進(jìn)口家具，而是成立了一個(gè)行會，他請來了木匠大師來培訓(xùn)其他人如何手工制作家具。
Instead of代替;?作為…的替換
importing進(jìn)口;?輸入;?引進(jìn);?導(dǎo)入;?移入;?import的現(xiàn)在分詞
Bruce布魯塞
guild協(xié)會;?行會，同業(yè)公會
brought帶…到某處;?帶來;?取來;?提供;?供給;?導(dǎo)致;?引起;?bring的過去分詞和過去式
carpenters木工;?木匠;?carpenter的復(fù)數(shù)
train火車;?列車;?列隊(duì)行進(jìn)的人;?隊(duì)列;?行列;?一系列相關(guān)的事情;?訓(xùn)練;?培訓(xùn);?接受訓(xùn)練;?進(jìn)行…訓(xùn)練;?進(jìn)行體育鍛煉;?教育;?培養(yǎng)…的能力
by hand用手工
And on this job site, 15 years after the Rwandan genocide, Bruce insisted that we bring on labor from all backgrounds, and that half of them be women.
ps:在這個(gè)工作地點(diǎn)，盧旺達(dá)種族滅絕15年后，布魯斯堅(jiān)持要我們從各個(gè)背景帶來勞動(dòng)力，其中一半是婦女。
genocide種族滅絕;?大屠殺
Bruce布魯塞
insisted堅(jiān)決要求;?堅(jiān)持;?堅(jiān)持說;?固執(zhí)己見;?insist的過去分詞和過去式
bring on引起，導(dǎo)致;?開始吧;?放馬過來
labor勞動(dòng)，努力；工作;?勞工，工人;?分娩，陣痛;?努力爭取(for);?苦干;?詳細(xì)分析緩慢而困難地運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)
backgrounds出身背景;?學(xué)歷;?經(jīng)歷;?背景;?后景;?background的復(fù)數(shù)
and that而且，并且
Exercises:
1.Why did?Murphy go to the Rwandan?
to help design a new hospital.
2.How did Bruce's method save costs?
The hill was excavated with the help of the community.
3.How did Bruce's method improved the community?
it encouraged cooperation between different people.
Fill in the blanks:
Evidence shows that a simple view of nature can radically improve health outcomes, So why couldn't we design a hospital where every patient had a window with aview?
Read and repeat the sentences:
1.Buildings are making people sicker and for the poorest in the world, this is causing epidemic-level problems.
2.I'd be living in Butaro in this old guesthouse, which was a jail after the genocide.
3.If hallways are making patients sicker, what if we could design a hospital that flips the hallways on the outside, and makes people walk in the exterior?
4.Hundreds of people came with shovels and hoes, and we excavated that hill in half the time and half the cost of that bulldozer.
5.Designing it is one thing; getting it built, we learned, is quite another.
