ansible模塊補充及playbook劇本簡述

主要內(nèi)容：

1.cron 定時任務(wù)模塊
2.mount 掛載模塊
3.play-book 劇本簡述

一、cron 定時任務(wù)模塊

1.模塊參數(shù)：

對比如下例子：

[root@backup ~]# crontab -l
#check bak file
#00 00  * * *    sh  /server/scripts/chek.sh   >/dev/null 2>&1

（1）name：注釋
相當于name="check bak file"
（2）minute：分
相當于 minute="00"
（3）hour：時
相當于hour="00"
（4）day：日
相當于day="*"或者默認不寫也表示 *
（5）month：月
相當于month="*"或者默認不寫也表示 *
（6）weekday：周
相當于weekday="*"或者默認不寫也表示 *
（7）job：命令/操作
相當于job=" sh /server/scripts/chek.sh >/dev/null 2>&1"
（8）state：表示狀態(tài)

present 添加（默認）
absent 刪除

[root@m01 ~]# #添加定時任務(wù)
[root@m01 ~]# ansible oldboy -m cron -a 'name="sync time"  minute="*/5"  job="ntpdate  ntp1.aliyun.com  >/dev/null  2>&1" state=present'
172.16.1.41 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "envs": [], 
    "jobs": [
        "sync time"
    ]
}
172.16.1.31 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "envs": [], 
    "jobs": [
        "sync time"
    ]
}
172.16.1.7 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "envs": [], 
    "jobs": [
        "sync time"
    ]
}
[root@m01 ~]# #查看是否添加成功
[root@m01 ~]# ansible oldboy -a 'crontab -l'
172.16.1.7 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
#Ansible: sync time
*/5 * * * * ntpdate  ntp1.aliyun.com  >/dev/null  2>&1

172.16.1.41 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
#chek bak file
#00 00  * * *    sh  /server/scripts/chek.sh   >/dev/null 2>&1
#Ansible: sync time
*/5 * * * * ntpdate  ntp1.aliyun.com  >/dev/null  2>&1

172.16.1.31 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
#Ansible: sync time
*/5 * * * * ntpdate  ntp1.aliyun.com  >/dev/null  2>&1

[root@m01 ~]# #刪除定時任務(wù)
[root@m01 ~]# ansible oldboy -m cron -a 'name="sync time"  minute="*/5"  job="ntpdate  ntp1.aliyun.com  >/dev/null  2>&1" state=absent'
172.16.1.31 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "envs": [], 
    "jobs": []
}
172.16.1.41 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "envs": [], 
    "jobs": []
}
172.16.1.7 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "envs": [], 
    "jobs": []
}
[root@m01 ~]# #查看是否刪除成功
[root@m01 ~]# ansible oldboy -a 'crontab -l'
172.16.1.41 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
#chek bak file
#00 00  * * *    sh  /server/scripts/chek.sh   >/dev/null 2>&1

172.16.1.31 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>


172.16.1.7 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>


[root@m01 ~]#

二、mount 掛載模塊

1.模塊參數(shù)

（1）src：源 掛載的東西從哪里來
（2）path：掛載到哪里
（3）fstype：文件系統(tǒng)類型
（4）state：狀態(tài)

present：開機掛載，僅寫入到/etc/fstab中
mounted：掛載設(shè)備，同時寫入到/etc/fstab中
absent：卸載，會清理/etc/fstab中寫入的配置
unmounted：卸載設(shè)備，不會清除/etc/fstab中寫入的配置

[root@m01 ~]# #present 掛載
[root@m01 ~]#  ansible 172.16.1.8 -m mount -a 'src=nfsserver:/data  path=/data  fstype=nfs state=present'
172.16.1.8 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "dump": "0", 
    "fstab": "/etc/fstab", 
    "fstype": "nfs", 
    "name": "/data", 
    "opts": "defaults", 
    "passno": "0", 
    "src": "nfsserver:/data"
}
[root@m01 ~]# #查看掛載情況
[root@m01 ~]# ansible 172.16.1.8 -m shell -a 'df -h|grep data'
172.16.1.8 | FAILED | rc=1 >>
non-zero return code

[root@m01 ~]# ansible 172.16.1.8  -a 'grep data /etc/fstab'
172.16.1.8 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
nfsserver:/data /data nfs defaults 0 0

[root@m01 ~]# #使用unmounted卸載--->失敗
[root@m01 ~]#  ansible 172.16.1.8 -m mount -a 'src=nfsserver:/data  path=/data  fstype=nfs state=unmounted'
172.16.1.8 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": false, 
    "dump": "0", 
    "fstab": "/etc/fstab", 
    "fstype": "nfs", 
    "name": "/data", 
    "opts": "defaults", 
    "passno": "0", 
    "src": "nfsserver:/data"
}
[root@m01 ~]# #使用absent卸載
[root@m01 ~]#  ansible 172.16.1.8 -m mount -a 'src=nfsserver:/data  path=/data  fstype=nfs state=absent'
172.16.1.8 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "dump": "0", 
    "fstab": "/etc/fstab", 
    "fstype": "nfs", 
    "name": "/data", 
    "opts": "defaults", 
    "passno": "0", 
    "src": "nfsserver:/data"
}
[root@m01 ~]# #查看卸載情況
[root@m01 ~]# ansible 172.16.1.8  -a 'grep data /etc/fstab'
172.16.1.8 | FAILED | rc=1 >>
non-zero return code
[root@m01 ~]# #使用mounted掛載
[root@m01 ~]# ansible 172.16.1.8 -m mount  -a 'src=172.16.1.31:/data path=/data  fstype=nfs  state=mounted'
172.16.1.8 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "dump": "0", 
    "fstab": "/etc/fstab", 
    "fstype": "nfs", 
    "name": "/data", 
    "opts": "defaults", 
    "passno": "0", 
    "src": "172.16.1.31:/data"
}
[root@m01 ~]# #查看掛載情況
[root@m01 ~]# ansible 172.16.1.8  -a 'grep data /etc/fstab'
172.16.1.8 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
172.16.1.31:/data /data nfs defaults 0 0

[root@m01 ~]# ansible 172.16.1.8 -m shell -a 'df -h|grep data'
172.16.1.8 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
172.16.1.31:/data   19G  1.9G   17G  10% /data

[root@m01 ~]# #使用unmounted卸載
[root@m01 ~]# ansible 172.16.1.8 -m mount  -a 'src=nfsserver:/data path=/data  fstype=nfs  state=unmounted'
172.16.1.8 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "dump": "0", 
    "fstab": "/etc/fstab", 
    "fstype": "nfs", 
    "name": "/data", 
    "opts": "defaults", 
    "passno": "0", 
    "src": "nfsserver:/data"
}
[root@m01 ~]# #查看卸載情況
[root@m01 ~]# ansible 172.16.1.8  -a 'grep data /etc/fstab'
172.16.1.8 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
172.16.1.31:/data /data nfs defaults 0 0

[root@m01 ~]# ansible 172.16.1.8 -m shell -a 'df -h|grep data'
172.16.1.8 | FAILED | rc=1 >>
non-zero return code

[root@m01 ~]# #使用absent卸載
[root@m01 ~]# ansible 172.16.1.8 -m mount  -a 'src=nfsserver:/data path=/data  fstype=nfs  state=absent'
172.16.1.8 | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "dump": "0", 
    "fstab": "/etc/fstab", 
    "fstype": "nfs", 
    "name": "/data", 
    "opts": "defaults", 
    "passno": "0", 
    "src": "nfsserver:/data"
}
[root@m01 ~]# #查看卸載情況
[root@m01 ~]# ansible 172.16.1.8  -a 'grep data /etc/fstab'
172.16.1.8 | FAILED | rc=1 >>
non-zero return code

[root@m01 ~]# ansible 172.16.1.8 -m shell -a 'df -h|grep data'
172.16.1.8 | FAILED | rc=1 >>
non-zero return code

三、ansible-playbook

使用舉例：配置NFS服務(wù)的劇本
[root@m01 NFS]# vim NFS.yml 
---
  - hosts: nfsserver
    tasks:
    - name: install rpcbind and nfs-utils
      shell: yum install -y rpcbind nfs-utils
    - name: configure /etc/exports
      shell: echo "/ylz  172.16.1.0/24(rw,sync,all_squash)" >>/etc/exports
    - name: make and chown  dir /ylz
      file:
        path: /ylz
        owner: nfsnobody
        group: nfsnobody
        state: directory
    - name: stop rpcbind nfs
      shell: systemctl stop rpcbind.socket  nfs
    - name: restart && enable  rpcbind  nfs
      shell: systemctl restart  rpcbind.socket  nfs  && systemctl enable  rpcbind.socket
  - hosts: nfsclient
    tasks:
    - name: install  nfs-utils
      yum:
        name: nfs-utils
        state: present
    - name: make   dir /ylz
      file:
        path: /ylz
        state: directory
    - name: mount
      mount:
        path: /ylz
        src: 172.16.1.31:/ylz
        state: mounted
        fstype: nfs
rsync 服務(wù)劇本
[root@m01 RSYNC]# vim RSYNC.yml 
---
  - hosts: rsyncserver
    tasks:
    - name: install rsync
      yum:
        name: rsync
        state: present
    - name: deltet /etc/rsyncd.conf
      file:
        path: /etc/rsyncd.conf
        state: absent
    - name: configure /etc/rsyncd.conf
      copy:
        src: /etc/ansible/RSYNC/rsyncd.conf
        dest: /etc/rsyncd.conf
    - name: make chown  /data
      file:
        path: /data
        state: directory
        owner: rsync
        group: rsync
    - name: make  /etc/rsync.password
      file:
        path: /etc/rsync.password
        state: touch
    - name: add to /etc/rsync.password
      copy:  content='rsync_backup:123456\n'  dest=/etc/rsync.password  mode='0600'
    - name: restart && enable rsyncd
      service:
        name: rsyncd
        state: restarted
        enabled: yes
  - hosts: rsyncclient
    tasks:
    - name: make chmod /etc/rsync.password
      file:
        path: /etc/rsync.password
        state: touch
    - name: add to /etc/rsync.password
      copy: content='123456\n'  dest=/etc/rsync.password   mode='0600'

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