一、下載mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫
1、從mysql官網(wǎng)上下載自己適合的mysql版本https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html#downloads，進(jìn)入mysql官網(wǎng)，依次點擊
筆者選擇MySQL Community Server 5.6.44 Linux-Generic 64位
二、安裝
1、將下載好的mysql壓縮文件放置在linux的/usr/local文件夾下，解壓該壓縮文件
tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
2、將解壓后的文件重命名為mysql
mv mysql-5.6.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
3、創(chuàng)建mysql用戶組及用戶
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
4、入到mysql目錄，執(zhí)行添加MySQL配置的操作
cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
或：
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
是否覆蓋？按y 回車
5、編輯/etc/my.cnf文件；
vi /etc/my.cnf
在my.cnf文件中添加或者修改相關(guān)配置，更改完成后保存退出
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
# server_id = .....
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server = utf8
skip-name-resolve
log-err = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
6、在mysql當(dāng)前目錄下設(shè)定目錄的訪問權(quán)限（注意后面的小點，表示當(dāng)前目錄）
chown -R mysql .
chgrp -R mysql .
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
chown -R root .
chown -R mysql data
7、初始化數(shù)據(jù)（在mysql/bin或者mysql/scripts下有個 mysql_install_db 可執(zhí)行文件初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫），進(jìn)入mysql/bin或者mysql/scripts目錄下，執(zhí)行下面命令
./mysql_install_db --verbose --user=root --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid --tmpdir=/tmp
8、啟動mysql，進(jìn)入/usr/local/mysql/bin目錄，執(zhí)行下面命令
[root@iz2ze9z5o9dc mysql]# ./bin/mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -proot
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.6.44 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
三、踩過的坑
1、問題：本地可以訪問，遠(yuǎn)程訪問請求超時
2、嘗試的方法
①. 排除網(wǎng)絡(luò)或防火墻問題
I、先看是否能ping通遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器，ping 192.168.1.211，如果不可以就是網(wǎng)絡(luò)問題。然后，檢查端口是否被防火墻擋住了，telnet 192.168.1.211 3306，如果連接失敗，配置防火墻。
II、配置防火墻，開啟3306端口
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
-A INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 3306 -j ACCEPT（允許3306端口通過防火墻）
III、service iptables restart（重啟防火墻使配置生效）
或者關(guān)閉防火墻
②檢查MySQL配置
如果開啟了防火墻，telnet還是失敗，通過netstat查看3306的端口狀態(tài)：
[root@iz2ze9z5 mysql]# netstat -apn|grep 3306
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:37806 127.0.0.1:3306 TIME_WAIT -
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 1932/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 172.17.134.67:3306 223.72.43.25:21593 ESTABLISHED 1932/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 172.17.134.67:3306 223.72.43.25:21762 ESTABLISHED 1932/mysqld
檢查一下my.cnf的配置，這里可以配置綁定ip地址。
bind-address=addr
不配置或者IP配置為0.0.0.0，表示監(jiān)聽所有客戶端連接。
③. 檢查用戶訪問權(quán)限
MySQL建用戶的時候會指定一個host，默認(rèn)是127.0.0.1/localhost，那么這個用戶就只能本機(jī)訪問， 其它機(jī)器用這個用戶帳號訪問會提示沒有權(quán)限，host改為%，表示允許所有機(jī)器訪問。
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> update user set host=’%’ where user=’root’;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select host,user from user;
+-------------------------+------+
| host | user |
+-------------------------+------+
| % | |
| % | root |
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| ::1 | root |
| iz2ze9z5o9dc8zmb6 | |
| iz2ze9z5o9dc8zmb6 | root |
| localhost | root |
+-------------------------+------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
重啟mysql使配置生效。
mysql]# ./support-files/mysql.server restart
嘗試以上三步遠(yuǎn)程連接仍然連接不上，發(fā)現(xiàn)阿里云服務(wù)器上的安全組端口需要放行
3、問題解決，遠(yuǎn)程連接成功
只要智商不滑坡,辦法總比困難多
