Aerospace
Down in flames
A tragedy casts doubt on Russia’s civil-aviation renaissance
航空工業(yè)
火中墜落
一場悲劇令俄羅斯民航業(yè)的復(fù)興蒙上陰影
了解時(shí)事的童鞋都知道，俄羅斯本月初發(fā)生了一場重大航空事故，造成41人遇難。此篇文章即為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人就該事件對(duì)俄羅斯飛機(jī)制造業(yè)發(fā)展所進(jìn)行的梳理。
上篇我們說到俄羅斯航空業(yè)的大致興衰史，而現(xiàn)在普京也在試圖挽救該行業(yè)，那么收效如何呢？??
①On May 5th these high hopes took a knock when one such aircraft caught fire and crash-landed at Sheremetyevo Airport in Moscow. ②At least 41 of the 78 people onboard died.③Investigators have not yet reached any conclusions about what caused the tragedy. ④Sukhoi, the UAC’s civil-aircraft arm whichmakes the plane, extended “its profound condolences for the families andfriends of the victims”.
第①句直接祭出了本月的飛機(jī)失事事件，并表明該事件對(duì)俄羅斯飛機(jī)制造業(yè)是沉重一擊。
本句語言點(diǎn)：
Knock這個(gè)詞我們?cè)偈煜げ贿^了，不過此處的用法比較特別：
take a (hard, nasty, etc.) knock是個(gè)習(xí)語：
to have an experience that makes sb/sth less confident or successful; to be damaged 遭受（重大等）挫折；受到（沉重等）打擊；受到（嚴(yán)重等）破壞，比如：
Clive’s taken quite a few hard knocks lately. 克萊夫近來碰到不少倒霉事。
此外，我們還可以用be hit hard來替代：
On May 5th thesehigh hopes were hit hard when…?
Crash-land: V-T/V-I If a pilot crash-lands an
aircraft, or if it crash-lands, it lands more quickly and less safely than usual, for example, when there is something wrong with the aircraft, and it cannot land normally. 使緊急降落; 緊急降落(名詞形式：crash-landing, 比如make a crash-landing);
本句語法結(jié)構(gòu)：
On May 5th（時(shí)間狀語） these high hopes（主語） took（謂語） a knock（賓語） when（引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語） one such aircraft（從句主語） caught（從句謂語1） fire（從句賓語1） and crash-landed（從句謂語2） at Sheremetyevo Airport in Moscow（地點(diǎn)狀語）.
所以主干即為：
These high hopestook a knock.
第②句緊接第一句，對(duì)提到的事故進(jìn)行了描述。
本句比較簡單，就提一個(gè)單詞：
Onboard: adv. 在船上；在飛機(jī)上；在板上；參與其中;
事故原因呢？我們都知道行文套路，先說事兒，再說事情結(jié)果，再分析原因。第③句表明，事故原因目前還不明朗。
本句語言點(diǎn)：
Yet: ADV You use yet in negative statements to indicate that something has not happened up to the present time, although it probably will happen. You can also use yet in questions to ask if something has happened up to the present time. 尚 (用于否定句); 已經(jīng) (用于疑問句)，比如：
No decision has yet been made. 尚未作出決定。
“得出結(jié)論”動(dòng)詞可用reach: V-T When people reach an agreement or a
decision, they succeed in achieving it. 達(dá)成，
從英英釋義可看出，該釋義下還可與agreement搭配使用：
A meeting of agriculture ministers has so far failed to reach agreement over farm subsidies.農(nóng)業(yè)部長們的會(huì)議到目前為止還沒有達(dá)成有關(guān)農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼的協(xié)議。
本句語法結(jié)構(gòu)：
Investigators（主語） have not yet reached（謂語） any conclusions（賓語） about what caused the tragedy（介詞短語做后置定語，修飾conclusions）.
出了事故，當(dāng)事方肯定要對(duì)客戶表達(dá)歉意，第④句說的就是這個(gè)。
本句語言點(diǎn)：
Arm此處是指：N-COUNT An arm of an organization is a section of it that operates in a particular country or that deals with a particular activity. 部門; 分支機(jī)構(gòu)；
Condolence /k?n'dol?ns/: N-PLURAL When you offer or express your
condolences to someone, you express your sympathy for them because one of their friends or relatives has died recently. 哀悼，注意動(dòng)詞搭配：
Extend/express/give/offer/send condolences；
Profound: ADJ You use profound to emphasize that
something is very great or intense. 深刻的; 極大的;該詞主要表示程度之深，常見搭配有：
Profound effect/influence/impact深遠(yuǎn)影響/profound disagreement極大分歧/profound changes巨大變化
本句語法結(jié)構(gòu)：
Sukhoi（主語）, the UAC’s civil-aircraft arm（同位語） which（定語從句） makes （定從謂語）the plane（定從賓語）, extended（謂語） “its profound condolences for the families and friends of the victims”（賓語）.
所以該句主干即為：
Sukhoi extended itsprofound condolences.
本段中文：
?? 本月5日，這一厚望遭受了沉重一擊：一架SuperJet在莫斯科謝列梅捷沃機(jī)場（Sheremetyevo Airport）起火迫降。機(jī)上78人中至少41人遇難。調(diào)查人員還未就災(zāi)難原因得出任何結(jié)論。該飛機(jī)的制造商、UAC的民用飛機(jī)部門蘇霍伊公司表達(dá)了“對(duì)遇難者親友的深切哀悼”。
本段語言點(diǎn)列出了很多常見/固定搭配，推薦大家熟記于心，以便在使用的時(shí)候可以信手拈來~
