自現(xiàn)象級(jí)英語(yǔ)
PRONE
1. 英英釋義：likely to do something or be affected by something, especially something bad?
例句：Japan is?prone?to earthquakes and typhoons.?
2. 為什么選這個(gè)詞？?
“prone”是個(gè)形容詞，表示“易于…的” “很可能…的”，也就是說(shuō)它經(jīng)?？梢杂脕?lái)替換 likely, inclined 等表示“有…可能/傾向”的詞，是個(gè)在口語(yǔ)和寫(xiě)作中都高頻實(shí)用的表達(dá)。?
prone 最常見(jiàn)的用法是be prone to，后面常接有負(fù)向意義的名詞或者動(dòng)詞。比如日本地形獨(dú)特，是一個(gè)經(jīng)常遭受地震或臺(tái)風(fēng)的國(guó)家，我們就可以說(shuō):
Japan is?prone?to earthquakes and typhoons.（be prone to 后接名詞的用法）
或者：?
Japan is?prone?to suffer earthquakes and typhoons. (be prone to 后接動(dòng)詞原形的用法）
許多人在接受測(cè)試的時(shí)候都很容易緊張不安，我們就可以說(shuō)：?
Most people are?prone?to anxiety during a test.
《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》中就出現(xiàn)過(guò)許多這種用法，比如：?
But in China and India, young women have been unusually?prone?to suicide.
prone 的另一個(gè)常見(jiàn)用法是與名詞連用構(gòu)成形容詞，表示“易受…影響的”，和 be prone to 可以替換實(shí)用。比如像美式橄欖球、冰球等對(duì)抗性運(yùn)動(dòng)的球員往往很容易受傷，我們就可以說(shuō)：?
American football and ice hockey players are?prone?to injury.
或者：?
American football and ice hockey players are injury-prone.
這樣 -prone 的用法可以讓表達(dá)簡(jiǎn)潔、靈活，比如上面的第一個(gè)例句也可以寫(xiě)成：?
Japan is earthquake- and typhoon-prone. (注意這里連字符的用法：earthquake- and typhoon-prone 等于 earthquake-prone and typhoon-prone）
我們?cè)陂喿x中要注意收集這樣的表達(dá)。?
3. 怎樣學(xué)會(huì)使用這個(gè)詞？?
1）使用《牛津英語(yǔ)搭配詞典》查“prone”，了解它的常用搭配。?
2）翻譯下面的句子： 超重人群容易患高血壓和高血糖。?
Overweight people are prone to high blood pressure and high blood sugar.?
People with excess weight are prone to develop high blood pressure and elevated blood sugar.
造句：
例1：Vulnerable communities in disaster-prone areas should be helped in their efforts to create affordable, resilient and sustainable housing.應(yīng)援助易受災(zāi)地區(qū)的貧困社區(qū)，創(chuàng)建負(fù)擔(dān)得起的、有抗災(zāi)韌性的、可持續(xù)的住房。 ?
例2：Non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoke (aka passive smoke) are prone to develop lung cancer and other health problems. 吸二手煙易引發(fā)肺癌及其他健康問(wèn)題。
例3：Being bilingual, he's more prone to mistrust the translated text and fall back on the original version. 他掌握雙語(yǔ)，常信不過(guò)翻譯文本，轉(zhuǎn)而閱讀源語(yǔ)言文本。?
個(gè)人拓展：
釋義：Prone?is used in the sense of "having a tendency or inclination," as in "prone to worry" or "accident-prone." This usage is similar to such words as?apt,?liable, or?likely(as in "apt to be late"), but in many instances?prone?implies a vulnerability to attack or damaging influence, in keeping with the image of one lying face down and unable to see what is approaching.
So while?prone,?supine, and?prostrate?have specific meanings with regard to body position, they also come with situational connotations in many cases:?prone suggests exposure or vulnerability;? （Webster Dictionary）
be prone to sth. / to do sth.
be/ seem/ like/ become prone to depression/ headaches/ exaggerate/ mistakes
be especially/ particularly/ highly/ rather/ notoriously prone?
accident-prone, injury-prone, error-prone
What makes people radical and prone to taking extreme views on topics?
We are prone to judge success by the index of our salaries.?
背誦：
prone, likely, inclined
Most people are?prone?to anxiety during a test.
For all her experience as a television reporter, she was still prone to camera nerves.
Kids are all prone to eat junk food.?
