NASA is going to pretend a deadly asteroid is on its way, to practise for a real one.
美國國家航空航天局（NASA）計劃開展小行星來襲模擬應急演練。
The “tabletop exercise” will allow the space agency and the other government organisations that will be tasked with responding to such an event to simulate their response, ahead of the possibility of a real example.
本次“桌面演練”中，航天局將與其他政府機關一道，對此類事件做出模擬響應，未雨綢繆。
The scenario will see a very realistic but nonetheless fictional disaster, in which an asteroid will be headed for Earth. The scenario has been developed by one of the NASA organisations tasked with studying such near-earth objects, or NEOs.
雖為演習，但小行星沖向地球的模擬場景十分真實。該場景由航天局下屬的一家研究近地天體（NEO）的機構開發(fā)。
It will bring together not just NASA but other international organisations to test out their response. Such exercises are used across the disaster response sector to ensure that the real responses are as fast and effective as possible.
參與應急響應演練的不僅有航天局，還有其他國際組織。此類演習普遍用于災害響應部門，確保實際中的響應措施盡可能迅速、有效地得以執(zhí)行。
?“These exercises have really helped us in the planetary defense community to understand what our colleagues on the disaster management side need to know,” said Lindley Johnson, NASA’s Planetary Defense Officer. “This exercise will help us develop more effective communications with each other and with our governments.”
航天局行星防御部官員林德利·約翰遜（Lindley Johnson）表示：“此類演練切實幫助行星防領域從業(yè)人士認識到災害管理領域同事必需具備的知識，有助于我們彼此間、與政府間進行更加有效的溝通?！?/p>
NASA and other organisations have spent more than 20 years scanning the skies for NEOs, looking for asteroids and comets that come within 30 million miles of Earth s orbit. Groups such as NASA s Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO) as well as the European Space Agency s Space Situational Awareness-NEO Segment and the International Asteroid Warning Network (IAWN) have been working to better communicate the danger that such objects pose to Earth.
二十多年來，航天局和其他組織一直在觀察太空，尋找近地天體，搜尋距地球軌道3000萬英里（約4828萬公里）范圍內(nèi)的小行星和彗星。航天局的行星防御協(xié)調辦公室（PDCO）正和歐洲航天局空間態(tài)勢感知近地天體部門（European Space Agency s Space Situational Awareness-NEO Segment）、國際小行星預警網(wǎng)（IAWN）共同努力，就此類星體對地球造成的危險增進溝通。
There is no strict script in such an exercise. Instead, it will be used to test out how NEO observers, space agency officials, emergency managers, decision makers and citizens would respond to the threat of an impact.
此類演習沒有明確方案，而是旨在考驗近地星體觀測人員、航空局官員、應急管理人員、決策人員、市民對地外天體撞擊威脅的響應方式。
Those taking part will discuss possible preparations: how they would explore the asteroid, work out the best ways of deflecting it and dealing with its impact effects.
參與人員將共同討論可能需要的準備工作：如何探測小行星、制定使其偏離軌道并應對撞擊影響的最優(yōu)方案。
NASA has already participated in such exercises, working on some with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Those exercises brought representatives from a variety of different federal agencies, including the departments of Defense and State.
航天局曾參加過此類演習，也與聯(lián)邦應急管理局（FEMA）共同舉辦過此類演習。參與者涵蓋各聯(lián)邦機構代表，包括國防部和國務院部門。
Previous exercises showed that the focus of emergency management officials was not on scientific details. Instead, they just want to know when, where and how an asteroid will hit the Earth, as well as what sort of damage is done, according to FEMA.
聯(lián)邦應急管理局表示，此前的演習表明，應急管理官員的關注重點并非科學細節(jié)，而只是想了解小行星會在何時、何地、以何種方式撞擊地球，以及會造成何種破壞。
NASA continues to work on that science, however, in an attempt to better improve humanity s ability to predict the exact location and effects of any impact.
不過，航天局將繼續(xù)在該方面開展科學研究，努力提升人類精確預測撞擊地點與撞擊影響的能力。
?“NASA and FEMA will continue to conduct periodic exercises with a continually widening community of US government agencies and international partners,” said Leviticus Lewis of the Response Operations Division for FEMA. “They are a great way for us to learn how to work together and meet each other s needs and the objectives laid out in the White House National NEO Preparedness Action Plan.”
聯(lián)邦應急管理局響應行為部的工作人員勒維提克斯·劉易斯（Leviticus Lewis）表示，“航天局和聯(lián)邦應急管理局將與越來越多的美國政府機構與國際伙伴攜手，繼續(xù)定期開展此類演習。這將極大地幫助我們學習如何協(xié)作、滿足彼此需求，實現(xiàn)白宮國家近地天體防備行動計劃（White House National NEO Preparedness Action Plan）目標?！?/p>
關于機構名的翻譯，我們之前在分享的一篇文章中有提到>>CATTI考前必備（上） | 英文人名、地名在翻譯時如何處理
- 國名和機構名 -
國名一定要準確翻譯，不能有絲毫的馬虎，譯錯絕對要扣分。國名一般都能在字典中查到，只是要注意簡稱和全稱的問題?！癟he United States of America”一定要翻譯為“美利堅合眾國”；如原文為“USA”，則可譯為“美國”。孟加拉國的英文全稱是“The People's Republic of Bangladesh”，翻譯為“孟加拉人民共和國”，其簡稱“Bangladesh”，一定要翻譯為“孟加拉國”，不能譯為“孟加拉”而省略了“國”字。?
機構名稱也是一樣，例如“UNESCO”是縮寫，也就是簡稱，一般譯為“教科文組織（聯(lián)合國系統(tǒng)譯法）”、“聯(lián)合國教科文組織（教科文組織本身的譯法）”，這兩種都可以。有的考生將“UNESCO”這個簡稱翻譯為全稱——“聯(lián)合國教育、科學及文化組織”，這是一種過度翻譯，有畫蛇添足之嫌，在國際組織文件翻譯中是絕對不允許的，因此在考試中也要扣分。
此譯文為譯群人翻譯團隊原創(chuàng)。拋磚引玉，歡迎交流。
我們將在未來幾天陸續(xù)更新2019年11月CATTI考試實務部分的譯文，歡迎關注。
