GCP 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
GCP 于 AWS 很相似，通過(guò)不同云平臺(tái)的一些概念對(duì)比，快速了解GCP。
Also read the services mapping table between different cloud providers here.
| GCP | AWS | Azure | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Compute | Compute Engine | EC2 | Azure Virtual Machines |
| Block storage | Persistent Disk | Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) | Azure Managed Disks |
| File storage | Filestore | Amazon Elastic File System (EFS) | Azure Disk Storage, Azure Files |
| Object storage | Cloud Storage | AWS Simple Storage Service (S3) | Azure Blob Storage |
| Containers | Google Kubernetes Engine | Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS), Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS) | Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS) |
| Containers | Artifact Registry | Amazon Elastic Container Registry (ECR) | Azure Container Registry |
| No SQL | Cloud Bigtable | Amazon DynamoDB | Azure Cosmos DB |
| Command-line interface (CLI) | Cloud SDK | AWS CLI | Azure CLI |
| networking | Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) | Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) | Azure Virtual Network |
| networking | Cloud NAT 沒(méi)有 internet GW | Amazon VPC NAT instances | Azure NAT |
| Monitoring | Cloud Monitoring | Amazon CloudWatch | Azure Monitor |
| IAM | Cloud Identity | AWS Identity Services | Azure Active Directory |
| IAM | Identity and Access Management | Amazon Identity and Access Management | Azure Identity Management |
| API Service account | service principal | ||
| project | subscription |
Install Cloud SDK
用官方的方法安裝CLI 出了問(wèn)題，我使用下面的方式
Below steps are verified on WSL ubuntu 16.04
$ export https_proxy=xxx
$ curl https://sdk.cloud.google.com | bash
update path for gcloud tool and then set browser on Windows for popup browser.
$ export BROWSER="/mnt/c/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft/Edge/Application/msedge.exe"
Cloud SDK 基礎(chǔ)使用
Verify basic usage.
gcloud init --console-only
gcloud auth login
gcloud projects list
gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID
gcloud compute networks create NETWORK \
--subnet-mode=custom \
[ --enable-ula-internal-ipv6 [ --internal-ipv6-range=ULA_IPV6_RANGE ]] \
--bgp-routing-mode=DYNAMIC_ROUTING_MODE \
--mtu=MTU
gcloud compute networks subnets create SUBNET \
--network=NETWORK \
--range=PRIMARY_RANGE \
--region=REGION
gcloud compute instances create VM_NAME \
--network=NETWORK_NAME \
--subnet=SUBNET_NAME \
--zone=ZONE
Create VM via gcloud cli
相關(guān)的組件必須一個(gè)一個(gè)創(chuàng)建，不如 Azure CLI 使用那么方便。
create network via gcloud command
Create VPC
$ gcloud compute networks create roy-vpc \
--subnet-mode=custom \
--bgp-routing-mode=global
Created [https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/xxx/global/networks/roy-vpc].
NAME SUBNET_MODE BGP_ROUTING_MODE IPV4_RANGE GATEWAY_IPV4
roy-vpc CUSTOM GLOBAL
Instances on this network will not be reachable until firewall rules
are created. As an example, you can allow all internal traffic between
instances as well as SSH, RDP, and ICMP by running:
$ gcloud compute firewall-rules create <FIREWALL_NAME> --network roy-vpc --allow tcp,udp,icmp --source-ranges <IP_RANGE>
$ gcloud compute firewall-rules create <FIREWALL_NAME> --network roy-vpc --allow tcp:22,tcp:3389,icmp
$ gcloud compute firewall-rules create allow-ssh --network roy-vpc --allow tcp:22,tcp:3389,icmp
Creating firewall...?Created [https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/xxx/global/firewalls/allow-ssh].
Creating firewall...done.
NAME NETWORK DIRECTION PRIORITY ALLOW DENY DISABLED
allow-ssh roy-vpc INGRESS 1000 tcp:22,tcp:3389,icmp False
$ gcloud compute networks subnets create roy-pub-subnet \
--network=roy-vpc \
--range=10.2.2.0/24 \
--region=us-west1
Created [https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/xxx/regions/us-west1/subnetworks/roy-pub-subnet].
NAME REGION NETWORK RANGE STACK_TYPE IPV6_ACCESS_TYPE INTERNAL_IPV6_PREFIX EXTERNAL_IPV6_PREFIX
roy-pub-subnet us-west1 roy-vpc 10.2.2.0/24 IPV4_ONLY
Create VM
$ gcloud compute instances create roy-cli-vm \
--network=roy-vpc \
--subnet=roy-pub-subnet \
--zone=us-west1-a
Created [https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/xxx/zones/us-west1-a/instances/roy-cli-vm].
NAME ZONE MACHINE_TYPE PREEMPTIBLE INTERNAL_IP EXTERNAL_IP STATUS
roy-cli-vm us-west1-a n1-standard-1 10.2.2.2 34.145.101.0 RUNNING
Connect to the new VM
It will generate new ssh key -> update instance ssh metadata -> ssh connect
gcloud compute ssh --project=PROJECT_ID --zone=ZONE VM_NAME
e.g.
Delete VM
$ gcloud compute instances delete roy-cli-vm --zone=us-west1-a
The following instances will be deleted. Any attached disks configured to be auto-deleted will be deleted unless they are
attached to any other instances or the `--keep-disks` flag is given and specifies them for keeping. Deleting a disk is
irreversible and any data on the disk will be lost.
- [roy-cli-vm] in [us-west1-a]
Do you want to continue (Y/n)?
Deleted [https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/xxx/zones/us-west1-a/instances/roy-cli-vm].
Delete VPC
should delete firewall, subnet, vpc one by one.
$ gcloud compute networks subnets delete roy-pub-subnet --region=us-west1
$ gcloud compute firewall-rules delete allow-ssh
$ gcloud compute networks delete roy-vpc
通過(guò) Terraform 創(chuàng)建VM
Read the google provider Terraform documentation.
Enable ADCs:
gcloud auth application-default login
Try terraform deploy.
Get example from github https://github.com/act-labs/gcp-terraform.git
$ cd gcp-terraform
$ vi variables.tf #for prefer setting
$ cp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ./ssh-key.pub
$ vi main.tf # for ssh key
setting for ssh key in VM.
resource "google_compute_instance" "webservers" {
...
metadata = {
ssh-keys = "${var.ssh_user}:${file(var.ssh_pub_key_file)}"
}
verify
$ terraform init .
$ terraform apply --auto-approve
Create VM from Web Console
login https://console.cloud.google.com/
create VPC -> create VM
參考 https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/instances/create-start-instance
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