舉個栗子??
登錄是所有系統(tǒng)都繞不開的一道坎，很多系統(tǒng)會在用戶名和密碼下發(fā)放置一個圖形驗(yàn)證碼，例如：
image.png
這些圖形驗(yàn)證碼看起來不僅很丑，而且模糊，但卻是保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的第一道屏障，它的作用是：設(shè)計(jì)的初衷其實(shí)就是為了防自動化，防止一些人利用自動工具惡意攻擊網(wǎng)站，比如批量注冊，撐爆你的數(shù)據(jù)庫。
實(shí)現(xiàn)這個功能并不復(fù)雜，但是為了不讓大家重復(fù)造輪子，這里我給大家推薦一個現(xiàn)成的輪子：kaptcha，使用起來非常簡單，廢話不多說直接上代碼。
嘗試一下??
配置文件
SpringBoot項(xiàng)目中pom.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.7.1</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.example</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringBoot-VerifyCode</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>SpringBoot-VerifyCode</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 驗(yàn)證碼生成包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.penggle</groupId>
<artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
項(xiàng)目代碼
項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)
image.png
SpringBootVerifyCodeApplication.java
package com.example.springbootverifycode;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootVerifyCodeApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringBootVerifyCodeApplication.class, args);
}
}
VerifyCodeConfig.java
package com.example.springbootverifycode.config;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.Producer;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.DefaultKaptcha;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.util.Config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.Properties;
@Configuration
public class VerifyCodeConfig {
@Bean
Producer producer() {
Properties properties = new Properties();
//設(shè)置圖片邊框
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border", "yes");
//設(shè)置圖片邊框?yàn)樗{(lán)色
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border.color", "blue");
//背景顏色漸變開始
properties.put("kaptcha.background.clear.from", "127,255,212");
//背景顏色漸變結(jié)束
properties.put("kaptcha.background.clear.to", "240,255,255");
// 字體顏色
properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color", "black");
// 文字間隔
properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.char.space", "10");
//如果需要去掉干擾線
properties.put("kaptcha.noise.impl", "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.NoNoise");
// 字體
properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.names", "Arial,Courier,cmr10,宋體,楷體,微軟雅黑");
// 圖片寬度
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.width", "200");
// 圖片高度
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.image.height", "50");
// 從哪些字符中產(chǎn)生
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.string", "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrsduvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ");
// 字符個數(shù)
properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length", "6");
DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha = new DefaultKaptcha();
defaultKaptcha.setConfig(new Config(properties));
return defaultKaptcha;
}
}
KaptchaController.java
package com.example.springbootverifycode.controller;
import com.google.code.kaptcha.Producer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
@RestController
public class KaptchaController {
@Autowired
private Producer producer;
@GetMapping("/getVerifyCode")
public void getVerifyCode(HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session) throws IOException {
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
String text = producer.createText();
session.setAttribute("vf", text);
BufferedImage image = producer.createImage(text);
try (ServletOutputStream sos = response.getOutputStream()) {
ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", sos);
}
}
}
測試一下
image.png
生成運(yùn)算符驗(yàn)證碼
1、設(shè)置字符個數(shù)為7
// 文字個數(shù)
properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.char.space", "7");
2、獲取圖片
@GetMapping("/getCal")
public void getCal(HttpServletResponse response, HttpSession session) throws IOException {
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
//生成文字驗(yàn)證碼
String text = producer.createText();
System.out.println("當(dāng)前生成的字符串為:" + text);
//個位數(shù)字相加
String s1 = text.substring(0, 2);
String s2 = text.substring(2, 4);
int count = Integer.valueOf(s1).intValue() + Integer.valueOf(s2).intValue();
System.out.println("計(jì)算結(jié)果為:" + count);
//生成圖片驗(yàn)證碼
BufferedImage image = producer.createImage(s1 + "+" + s2 + "=?");
try (ServletOutputStream sos = response.getOutputStream()) {
ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", sos);
}
}
3、演示一下
后臺打?。?/strong>
image.png
訪問鏈接：
image.png
文末小彩蛋，自己花一個星期做的小網(wǎng)站，放出來給大家看看，網(wǎng)址如下：http://47.120.49.119:8080
