本期原文選自The Economist 2016-8-6的Leaders板塊China's Tech Trailblazers，譯文來自商論：
https://gbr.economist.com/articles/view/57a4653dffe2d6df22d45463/zh_CN/en_GB?from=timeline&isappinstalled=1，
釋義來自牛津高階詞典、劍橋在線詞典、朗文在線詞典、韋氏詞典、有道詞典等網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源。
trailblazer
中文釋義：開拓者；開路的人；先驅(qū)者
英文釋義：someone who is the first to discover or develop new methods of doing something
e.g. a trailblazer in the field of medical research
文中例句：China’s tech trailblazers（中國的科技開拓者）make headway
中文釋義：前進；取得進展
英文釋義：to make progress or get closer to achieving something
e.g. I'm trying to learn to drive, but I'm not making much headway (with it).
e.g. Little headway has been made so far in the negotiations.
文中例句：Amazon is struggling to make headway.(亞馬遜正艱難前行。)ride-hailing
中文釋義：叫車
英文釋義：hail something: to signal to a taxi or a bus, in order to get the driver to stop
e.g. to hail a taxi/cab
文中例句：Uber, a ride-hailing service that is the world’s most valuable startup, decided to sell its local unit to Didi Chuxing, a Chinese rival.（叫車服務(wù)公司優(yōu)步（Uber）這一全球估值最高的創(chuàng)業(yè)公司決定將自己的中國業(yè)務(wù)賣給其中國對手滴滴出行。）capitulation
中文釋義：（有條件的）投降；投降協(xié)定
英文釋義：capitulation (to somebody/something): the act of accepting that you have been defeated by an enemy or opponent
e.g. a humiliating/shameful capitulation
英文釋義：capitulation (to somebody/something) agreement to do something that you have been refusing to do for a long time capitulation to political pressure
文中例句：For many, the lessons of this latest capitulation are clear.（對很多人而言，最近這一投降協(xié)議的教訓(xùn)非常清晰。）cosset
中文釋義：寵愛，疼愛；溺愛
英文釋義：cosset somebody (often disapproving) to treat somebody with a lot of care and give them a lot of attention, sometimes too much
文中例句：China is closed, its firms are cosseted and their talent is for mimicry.（簡言之，中國是封閉的，中國的公司也嬌生慣養(yǎng)，它們的聰明才智只會用來模仿。）make hay
中文釋義：趁熱打鐵；勿失良機
英文釋義：make hay while the sun shines (Idioms)
e.g. (saying) to make good use of opportunities, good conditions, etc. while they last
文中例句：Now Didi, whose forerunner firms were founded in 2012, three years after Uber introduced ride-hailing, can make hay.（現(xiàn)在滴滴可以抓住時機了。它的前身創(chuàng)立于2012年，比優(yōu)步引入叫車服務(wù)晚了三年。）cut-throat
中文釋義：兇狠的；殺人的；拼命的；殘酷的
英文釋義：competing in a strong and unfair way, without considering any harm caused to others:
e.g. a cut-throat business/market/world
文中例句：Ride-hailing, like many online businesses, is a cut-throat, winner-takes-all market: Didi itself is the product of a 2015 merger of two local firms. Uber was outcompeted. （像很多在線業(yè)務(wù)一樣，叫車行業(yè)是一個競爭慘烈、贏家通吃的市場：滴滴本身是兩家國內(nèi)公司2015年合并的產(chǎn)物。）call time
中文釋義：【體育】(裁判員)宣布暫停
文中例句：In outlawing subsidies, the regulators called time on a fight the American firm had already lost.（通過將補貼定為不合法，監(jiān)管部門叫停了這場美國公司已經(jīng)輸?shù)舻膽?zhàn)斗。）condescending
中文釋義：表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)越感的；居高臨下的
英文釋義：treating someone as if you are more important or more intelligent than them:
e.g. I hate the way he's so condescending to his staff!
文中例句：WeChat is the best riposte to the condescending, widely held belief that Chinese internet firms are merely imitators of Western ones, and cannot innovate themselves.（人們普遍認為，中國互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司僅僅是西方公司的模仿者，自己則無法創(chuàng)新。對于這種傲慢的觀點，微信無疑是最好的回擊。）kick-start
中文釋義：(n)用來發(fā)動摩托車引擎的踩踏板 (向下壓來啟動); (v)以下踢或下壓動作來使機器發(fā)動；以額外的努力或行為來開始一種事業(yè)或程序
英文釋義：to make the engine of a motorcycle start by forcefully pushing down a metal barwith your foot; to make something start to happen
e.g. Taxes were drastically cut in an attempt to kick-start the economy.
文中例句：Alibaba kick-started Chinese e-commerce with the clever trick of holding payments in escrow, helping buyers and sellers establish trust.（阿里巴巴通過托管付款這一聰明做法幫助買家和賣家建立信任，撬動了中國的電子商務(wù)。）
注：本文僅供學(xué)習(xí)交流之用，不代表作者觀點。英文修習(xí)者可以通過學(xué)習(xí)文中詞匯，然后將商論的中文回譯成英文，再對照英文原文進行比較，找出差距，以此提高自己的英文水平。
