目錄
- 一、Promise核心邏輯實現(xiàn)
- 二、在 Promise 類中加入異步邏輯
- 三、實現(xiàn) then 方法多次調(diào)用添加多個處理函數(shù)
- 四、實現(xiàn)then方法的鏈式調(diào)用
- 五、then方法鏈式調(diào)用識別 Promise 對象自返回
- 六、捕獲錯誤及 then 鏈式調(diào)用其他狀態(tài)代碼補充
- 捕獲執(zhí)行器的錯誤
- then執(zhí)行的時候報錯捕獲
- 錯誤之后的鏈式調(diào)用
- 異步狀態(tài)下鏈式調(diào)用
- 七、將then方法的參數(shù)變成可選參數(shù)
- 八、promise.all方法的實現(xiàn)
- 九、Promise.resolve方法的實現(xiàn)
- 十、finally 方法的實現(xiàn)
- 十一、catch方法的實現(xiàn)
- Promise全部代碼整合
這里只是對Promise源碼的實現(xiàn)做一個剖析,如果想對Promise整體有個了解,
請看 ES6(十一)—— Promise(更優(yōu)的異步編程解決方案)
一、Promise核心邏輯實現(xiàn)
首先分析其原理
promise就是一個類
在執(zhí)行類的時候需要傳遞一個執(zhí)行器進去,執(zhí)行器會立即執(zhí)行Promise中有三種狀態(tài),分別為成功-fulfilled失敗-rejected等待-pending
pending -> fulfilled
pending -> rejected
一旦狀態(tài)確定就不可更改resolve和reject函數(shù)是用來更改狀態(tài)的
resolve:fulfilled
reject:rejectedthen方法內(nèi)部做的事情就是判斷狀態(tài)
如果狀態(tài)是成功,調(diào)用成功回調(diào)函數(shù)
如果狀態(tài)是失敗,就調(diào)用失敗回調(diào)函數(shù)
then方法是被定義在原型對象中的then成功回調(diào)有一個參數(shù),表示成功之后的值;then失敗回調(diào)有一個參數(shù),表示失敗后的原因
<PS:本文myPromise.js是源碼文件,promise.js是使用promise文件>
// myPromise.js
// 定義成常量是為了復用且代碼有提示
const PENDING = 'pending' // 等待
const FULFILLED = 'fulfilled' // 成功
const REJECTED = 'rejected' // 失敗
// 定義一個構(gòu)造函數(shù)
class MyPromise {
constructor (exector) {
// exector是一個執(zhí)行器,進入會立即執(zhí)行,并傳入resolve和reject方法
exector(this.resolve, this.reject)
}
// 實例對象的一個屬性,初始為等待
status = PENDING
// 成功之后的值
value = undefined
// 失敗之后的原因
reason = undefined
// resolve和reject為什么要用箭頭函數(shù)?
// 如果直接調(diào)用的話,普通函數(shù)this指向的是window或者undefined
// 用箭頭函數(shù)就可以讓this指向當前實例對象
resolve = value => {
// 判斷狀態(tài)是不是等待,阻止程序向下執(zhí)行
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
// 將狀態(tài)改成成功
this.status = FULFILLED
// 保存成功之后的值
this.value = value
}
reject = reason => {
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
// 將狀態(tài)改為失敗
this.status = REJECTED
// 保存失敗之后的原因
this.reason = reason
}
then (successCallback, failCallback) {
//判斷狀態(tài)
if(this.status === FULFILLED) {
// 調(diào)用成功回調(diào),并且把值返回
successCallback(this.value)
} else if (this.status === REJECTED) {
// 調(diào)用失敗回調(diào),并且把原因返回
failCallback(this.reason)
}
}
}
module.exports = MyPromise
//promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
let promise = new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
resolve('success')
reject('err')
})
promise.then(value => {
console.log('resolve', value)
}, reason => {
console.log('reject', reason)
})
二、在 Promise 類中加入異步邏輯
上面是沒有經(jīng)過異步處理的,如果有異步邏輯加進來,會有一些問題
//promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
let promise = new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
// 主線程代碼立即執(zhí)行,setTimeout是異步代碼,then會馬上執(zhí)行,
// 這個時候判斷promise狀態(tài),狀態(tài)是pending,然而之前并沒有判斷等待這個狀態(tài)
setTimeout(() => {
resolve('success')
}, 2000);
})
promise.then(value => {
console.log('resolve', value)
}, reason => {
console.log('reject', reason)
})
下面修改這個代碼
// myPromise.js
const PENDING = 'pending'
const FULFILLED = 'fulfilled'
const REJECTED = 'rejected'
class MyPromise {
constructor (exector) {
exector(this.resolve, this.reject)
}
status = PENDING
value = undefined
reason = undefined
// 定義一個成功回調(diào)參數(shù)
successCallback = undefined
// 定義一個失敗回調(diào)參數(shù)
failCallback = undefined
resolve = value => {
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
this.status = FULFILLED
this.value = value
// 判斷成功回調(diào)是否存在,如果存在就調(diào)用
this.successCallback && this.successCallback(this.value)
}
reject = reason => {
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
this.status = REJECTED
this.reason = reason
// 判斷失敗回調(diào)是否存在,如果存在就調(diào)用
this.failCallback && this.failCallback(this.reason)
}
then (successCallback, failCallback) {
if(this.status === FULFILLED) {
successCallback(this.value)
} else if (this.status === REJECTED) {
failCallback(this.reason)
} else {
// 等待
// 因為并不知道狀態(tài),所以將成功回調(diào)和失敗回調(diào)存儲起來
// 等到執(zhí)行成功失敗函數(shù)的時候再傳遞
this.successCallback = successCallback
this.failCallback = failCallback
}
}
}
module.exports = MyPromise
三、實現(xiàn) then 方法多次調(diào)用添加多個處理函數(shù)
promise的then方法是可以被多次調(diào)用的。
這里如果有三個then的調(diào)用,
- 如果是同步回調(diào),那么直接返回當前的值就行;
- 如果是異步回調(diào),那么保存的成功失敗的回調(diào),需要用不同的值保存,因為都互不相同。
之前的代碼需要改進。
//promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
let promise = new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve('success')
}, 2000);
})
promise.then(value => {
console.log(1)
console.log('resolve', value)
})
promise.then(value => {
console.log(2)
console.log('resolve', value)
})
promise.then(value => {
console.log(3)
console.log('resolve', value)
})
保存到數(shù)組中,最后統(tǒng)一執(zhí)行
// myPromise.js
const PENDING = 'pending'
const FULFILLED = 'fulfilled'
const REJECTED = 'rejected'
class MyPromise {
constructor (exector) {
exector(this.resolve, this.reject)
}
status = PENDING
value = undefined
reason = undefined
// 定義一個成功回調(diào)參數(shù),初始化一個空數(shù)組
successCallback = []
// 定義一個失敗回調(diào)參數(shù),初始化一個空數(shù)組
failCallback = []
resolve = value => {
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
this.status = FULFILLED
this.value = value
// 判斷成功回調(diào)是否存在,如果存在就調(diào)用
// 循環(huán)回調(diào)數(shù)組. 把數(shù)組前面的方法彈出來并且直接調(diào)用
// shift方法是在數(shù)組中刪除值,每執(zhí)行一個就刪除一個,最終變?yōu)?
while(this.successCallback.length) this.successCallback.shift()(this.value)
}
reject = reason => {
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
this.status = REJECTED
this.reason = reason
// 判斷失敗回調(diào)是否存在,如果存在就調(diào)用
// 循環(huán)回調(diào)數(shù)組. 把數(shù)組前面的方法彈出來并且直接調(diào)用
while(this.failCallback.length) this.failCallback.shift()(this.reason)
}
then (successCallback, failCallback) {
if(this.status === FULFILLED) {
successCallback(this.value)
} else if (this.status === REJECTED) {
failCallback(this.reason)
} else {
// 等待
// 將成功回調(diào)和失敗回調(diào)都保存在數(shù)組中
this.successCallback.push(successCallback)
this.failCallback.push(failCallback)
}
}
}
module.exports = MyPromise
四、實現(xiàn)then方法的鏈式調(diào)用
then方法要鏈式調(diào)用那么就需要返回一個promise對象,then方法的return返回值作為下一個then方法的參數(shù)then方法還一個return一個promise對象,那么如果是一個promise對象,那么就需要判斷它的狀態(tài)
// promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
let promise = new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
// 目前這里只處理同步的問題
resolve('success')
})
function other () {
return new MyPromise((resolve, reject) =>{
resolve('other')
})
}
promise.then(value => {
console.log(1)
console.log('resolve', value)
return other()
}).then(value => {
console.log(2)
console.log('resolve', value)
})
// myPromise.js
const PENDING = 'pending'
const FULFILLED = 'fulfilled'
const REJECTED = 'rejected'
class MyPromise {
constructor (exector) {
exector(this.resolve, this.reject)
}
status = PENDING
value = undefined
reason = undefined
successCallback = []
failCallback = []
resolve = value => {
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
this.status = FULFILLED
this.value = value
while(this.successCallback.length) this.successCallback.shift()(this.value)
}
reject = reason => {
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
this.status = REJECTED
this.reason = reason
while(this.failCallback.length) this.failCallback.shift()(this.reason)
}
then (successCallback, failCallback) {
// then方法返回第一個promise對象
let promise2 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
if(this.status === FULFILLED) {
// x是上一個promise回調(diào)函數(shù)的return返回值
// 判斷 x 的值時普通值還是promise對象
// 如果是普通紙 直接調(diào)用resolve
// 如果是promise對象 查看promise對象返回的結(jié)果
// 再根據(jù)promise對象返回的結(jié)果 決定調(diào)用resolve還是reject
let x = successCallback(this.value)
resolvePromise(x, resolve, reject)
} else if (this.status === REJECTED) {
failCallback(this.reason)
} else {
this.successCallback.push(successCallback)
this.failCallback.push(failCallback)
}
});
return promise2
}
}
function resolvePromise(x, resolve, reject) {
// 判斷x是不是其實例對象
if(x instanceof MyPromise) {
// promise 對象
// x.then(value => resolve(value), reason => reject(reason))
// 簡化之后
x.then(resolve, reject)
} else{
// 普通值
resolve(x)
}
}
module.exports = MyPromise
五、then方法鏈式調(diào)用識別 Promise 對象自返回
如果then方法返回的是自己的promise對象,則會發(fā)生promise的嵌套,這個時候程序會報錯
var promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
resolve(100)
})
var p1 = promise.then(value => {
console.log(value)
return p1
})
// 100
// Uncaught (in promise) TypeError: Chaining cycle detected for promise #<Promise>
所以為了避免這種情況,我們需要改造一下then方法
// myPromise.js
const { rejects } = require("assert")
const PENDING = 'pending'
const FULFILLED = 'fulfilled'
const REJECTED = 'rejected'
class MyPromise {
constructor (exector) {
exector(this.resolve, this.reject)
}
status = PENDING
value = undefined
reason = undefined
successCallback = []
failCallback = []
resolve = value => {
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
this.status = FULFILLED
this.value = value
while(this.successCallback.length) this.successCallback.shift()(this.value)
}
reject = reason => {
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
this.status = REJECTED
this.reason = reason
while(this.failCallback.length) this.failCallback.shift()(this.reason)
}
then (successCallback, failCallback) {
let promise2 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
if(this.status === FULFILLED) {
// 因為new Promise需要執(zhí)行完成之后才有promise2,同步代碼中沒有pormise2,
// 所以這部分代碼需要異步執(zhí)行
setTimeout(() => {
let x = successCallback(this.value)
//需要判斷then之后return的promise對象和原來的是不是一樣的,
//判斷x和promise2是否相等,所以給resolvePromise中傳遞promise2過去
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject)
}, 0);
} else if (this.status === REJECTED) {
failCallback(this.reason)
} else {
this.successCallback.push(successCallback)
this.failCallback.push(failCallback)
}
});
return promise2
}
}
function resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject) {
// 如果相等了,說明return的是自己,拋出類型錯誤并返回
if (promise2 === x) {
return reject(new TypeError('Chaining cycle detected for promise #<Promise>'))
}
if(x instanceof MyPromise) {
x.then(resolve, reject)
} else{
resolve(x)
}
}
module.exports = MyPromise
// promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
let promise = new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
resolve('success')
})
// 這個時候?qū)romise定義一個p1,然后返回的時候返回p1這個promise
let p1 = promise.then(value => {
console.log(1)
console.log('resolve', value)
return p1
})
// 運行的時候會走reject
p1.then(value => {
console.log(2)
console.log('resolve', value)
}, reason => {
console.log(3)
console.log(reason.message)
})
// 1
// resolve success
// 3
// Chaining cycle detected for promise #<Promise>
六、捕獲錯誤及 then 鏈式調(diào)用其他狀態(tài)代碼補充
目前我們在Promise類中沒有進行任何處理,所以我們需要捕獲和處理錯誤。
1. 捕獲執(zhí)行器的錯誤
捕獲執(zhí)行器中的代碼,如果執(zhí)行器中有代碼錯誤,那么promise的狀態(tài)要弄成錯誤狀態(tài)
// myPromise.js
constructor (exector) {
// 捕獲錯誤,如果有錯誤就執(zhí)行reject
try {
exector(this.resolve, this.reject)
} catch (e) {
this.reject(e)
}
}
// promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
let promise = new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
// resolve('success')
throw new Error('執(zhí)行器錯誤')
})
promise.then(value => {
console.log(1)
console.log('resolve', value)
}, reason => {
console.log(2)
console.log(reason.message)
})
//2
//執(zhí)行器錯誤
2. then執(zhí)行的時候報錯捕獲
// myPromise.js
then (successCallback, failCallback) {
let promise2 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
if(this.status === FULFILLED) {
setTimeout(() => {
// 如果回調(diào)中報錯的話就執(zhí)行reject
try {
let x = successCallback(this.value)
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject)
} catch (e) {
reject(e)
}
}, 0);
} else if (this.status === REJECTED) {
failCallback(this.reason)
} else {
this.successCallback.push(successCallback)
this.failCallback.push(failCallback)
}
});
return promise2
}
// promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
let promise = new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
resolve('success')
// throw new Error('執(zhí)行器錯誤')
})
// 第一個then方法中的錯誤要在第二個then方法中捕獲到
promise.then(value => {
console.log(1)
console.log('resolve', value)
throw new Error('then error')
}, reason => {
console.log(2)
console.log(reason.message)
}).then(value => {
console.log(3)
console.log(value);
}, reason => {
console.log(4)
console.log(reason.message)
})
// 1
// resolve success
// 4
// then error
3. 錯誤之后的鏈式調(diào)用
// myPromise.js
then (successCallback, failCallback) {
let promise2 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
if(this.status === FULFILLED) {
setTimeout(() => {
try {
let x = successCallback(this.value)
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject)
} catch (e) {
reject(e)
}
}, 0)
// 在狀態(tài)是reject的時候?qū)Ψ祷氐膒romise進行處理
} else if (this.status === REJECTED) {
setTimeout(() => {
// 如果回調(diào)中報錯的話就執(zhí)行reject
try {
let x = failCallback(this.reason)
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject)
} catch (e) {
reject(e)
}
}, 0)
} else {
this.successCallback.push(successCallback)
this.failCallback.push(failCallback)
}
});
return promise2
}
//promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
let promise = new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
// resolve('success')
throw new Error('執(zhí)行器錯誤')
})
// 第一個then方法中的錯誤要在第二個then方法中捕獲到
promise.then(value => {
console.log(1)
console.log('resolve', value)
}, reason => {
console.log(2)
console.log(reason.message)
return 100
}).then(value => {
console.log(3)
console.log(value);
}, reason => {
console.log(4)
console.log(reason.message)
})
// 2
// 執(zhí)行器錯誤
// 3
// 100
4. 異步狀態(tài)下鏈式調(diào)用
還是要處理一下如果promise里面有異步的時候,then的鏈式調(diào)用的問題。
// myPromise.js
const PENDING = 'pending'
const FULFILLED = 'fulfilled'
const REJECTED = 'rejected'
class MyPromise {
constructor (exector) {
// 捕獲錯誤,如果有錯誤就執(zhí)行reject
try {
exector(this.resolve, this.reject)
} catch (e) {
this.reject(e)
}
}
status = PENDING
value = undefined
reason = undefined
successCallback = []
failCallback = []
resolve = value => {
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
this.status = FULFILLED
this.value = value
// 異步回調(diào)傳值
// 調(diào)用的時候不需要傳值,因為下面push到里面的時候已經(jīng)處理好了
while(this.successCallback.length) this.successCallback.shift()()
}
reject = reason => {
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
this.status = REJECTED
this.reason = reason
// 異步回調(diào)傳值
// 調(diào)用的時候不需要傳值,因為下面push到里面的時候已經(jīng)處理好了
while(this.failCallback.length) this.failCallback.shift()()
}
then (successCallback, failCallback) {
let promise2 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
if(this.status === FULFILLED) {
setTimeout(() => {
// 如果回調(diào)中報錯的話就執(zhí)行reject
try {
let x = successCallback(this.value)
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject)
} catch (e) {
reject(e)
}
}, 0)
} else if (this.status === REJECTED) {
setTimeout(() => {
// 如果回調(diào)中報錯的話就執(zhí)行reject
try {
let x = failCallback(this.reason)
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject)
} catch (e) {
reject(e)
}
}, 0)
} else {
// 處理異步的成功錯誤情況
this.successCallback.push(() => {
setTimeout(() => {
// 如果回調(diào)中報錯的話就執(zhí)行reject
try {
let x = successCallback(this.value)
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject)
} catch (e) {
reject(e)
}
}, 0)
})
this.failCallback.push(() => {
setTimeout(() => {
// 如果回調(diào)中報錯的話就執(zhí)行reject
try {
let x = failCallback(this.reason)
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject)
} catch (e) {
reject(e)
}
}, 0)
})
}
});
return promise2
}
}
function resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject) {
if (promise2 === x) {
return reject(new TypeError('Chaining cycle detected for promise #<Promise>'))
}
if(x instanceof MyPromise) {
x.then(resolve, reject)
} else{
resolve(x)
}
}
module.exports = MyPromise
// promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
let promise = new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
// 一個異步方法
setTimeout(() =>{
resolve('succ')
},2000)
})
promise.then(value => {
console.log(1)
console.log('resolve', value)
return 'aaa'
}, reason => {
console.log(2)
console.log(reason.message)
return 100
}).then(value => {
console.log(3)
console.log(value);
}, reason => {
console.log(4)
console.log(reason.message)
})
// 1
// resolve succ
// 3
// aaa
七、將then方法的參數(shù)變成可選參數(shù)
then方法的兩個參數(shù)都是可選參數(shù),我們可以不傳參數(shù)。
下面的參數(shù)可以傳遞到最后進行返回
var promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
resolve(100)
})
promise
.then()
.then()
.then()
.then(value => console.log(value))
// 在控制臺最后一個then中輸出了100
// 這個相當于
promise
.then(value => value)
.then(value => value)
.then(value => value)
.then(value => console.log(value))
所以我們修改一下then方法
// myPromise.js
then (successCallback, failCallback) {
// 這里進行判斷,如果有回調(diào)就選擇回調(diào),如果沒有回調(diào)就傳一個函數(shù),把參數(shù)傳遞
successCallback = successCallback ? successCallback : value => value
// 錯誤函數(shù)也是進行賦值,把錯誤信息拋出
failCallback = failCallback ? failCallback : reason => {throw reason}
let promise2 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
...
})
...
}
// 簡化也可以這樣寫
then (successCallback = value => value, failCallback = reason => {throw reason}) {
···
}
resolve之后
// promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
let promise = new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
resolve('succ')
})
promise.then().then().then(value => console.log(value))
// succ
reject之后
// promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
let promise = new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
reject('err')
})
promise.then().then().then(value => console.log(value), reason => console.log(reason))
// err
八、promise.all方法的實現(xiàn)
promise.all方法是解決異步并發(fā)問題的
// 如果p1是兩秒之后執(zhí)行的,p2是立即執(zhí)行的,那么根據(jù)正常的是p2在p1的前面。
// 如果我們在all中指定了執(zhí)行順序,那么會根據(jù)我們傳遞的順序進行執(zhí)行。
function p1 () {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve('p1')
}, 2000)
})
}
function p2 () {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve('p2')
},0)
})
}
Promise.all(['a', 'b', p1(), p2(), 'c']).then(result => {
console.log(result)
// ["a", "b", "p1", "p2", "c"]
})
分析一下:
-
all方法接收一個數(shù)組,數(shù)組中可以是普通值也可以是promise對象 - 數(shù)組中值得順序一定是我們得到的結(jié)果的順序
-
promise返回值也是一個promise對象,可以調(diào)用then方法 - 如果數(shù)組中所有值是成功的,那么
then里面就是成功回調(diào),如果有一個值是失敗的,那么then里面就是失敗的 - 使用
all方法是用類直接調(diào)用,那么all一定是一個靜態(tài)方法
//myPromise.js
static all (array) {
// 結(jié)果數(shù)組
let result = []
// 計數(shù)器
let index = 0
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
let addData = (key, value) => {
result[key] = value
index ++
// 如果計數(shù)器和數(shù)組長度相同,那說明所有的元素都執(zhí)行完畢了,就可以輸出了
if(index === array.length) {
resolve(result)
}
}
// 對傳遞的數(shù)組進行遍歷
for (let i = 0; i < array.lengt; i++) {
let current = array[i]
if (current instanceof MyPromise) {
// promise對象就執(zhí)行then,如果是resolve就把值添加到數(shù)組中去,如果是錯誤就執(zhí)行reject返回
current.then(value => addData(i, value), reason => reject(reason))
} else {
// 普通值就加到對應的數(shù)組中去
addData(i, array[i])
}
}
})
}
// promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
function p1 () {
return new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve('p1')
}, 2000)
})
}
function p2 () {
return new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve('p2')
},0)
})
}
Promise.all(['a', 'b', p1(), p2(), 'c']).then(result => {
console.log(result)
// ["a", "b", "p1", "p2", "c"]
})
九、Promise.resolve方法的實現(xiàn)
- 如果參數(shù)就是一個
promise對象,直接返回,如果是一個值,那么需要生成一個promise對象,把值進行返回 - 是
Promise類的一個靜態(tài)方法
// myPromise.js
static resolve (value) {
// 如果是promise對象,就直接返回
if(value instanceof MyPromise) return value
// 如果是值就返回一個promise對象,并返回值
return new MyPromise(resolve => resolve(value))
}
// promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
function p1 () {
return new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve('p1')
}, 2000)
})
}
Promise.resolve(100).then(value => console.log(value))
Promise.resolve(p1()).then(value => console.log(value))
// 100
// 2s 之后輸出 p1
十、finally 方法的實現(xiàn)
- 無論當前最終狀態(tài)是成功還是失敗,
finally都會執(zhí)行 - 我們可以在
finally方法之后調(diào)用then方法拿到結(jié)果 - 這個函數(shù)是在原型對象上用的
// myPromise.js
finally (callback) {
// 如何拿到當前的promise的狀態(tài),使用then方法,而且不管怎樣都返回callback
// 而且then方法就是返回一個promise對象,那么我們直接返回then方法調(diào)用之后的結(jié)果即可
// 我們需要在回調(diào)之后拿到成功的回調(diào),所以需要把value也return
// 失敗的回調(diào)也拋出原因
// 如果callback是一個異步的promise對象,我們還需要等待其執(zhí)行完畢,所以需要用到靜態(tài)方法resolve
return this.then(value => {
// 把callback調(diào)用之后返回的promise傳遞過去,并且執(zhí)行promise,且在成功之后返回value
return MyPromise.resolve(callback()).then(() => value)
}, reason => {
// 失敗之后調(diào)用的then方法,然后把失敗的原因返回出去。
return MyPromise.resolve(callback()).then(() => { throw reason })
})
}
// promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
function p1 () {
return new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
resolve('p1')
}, 2000)
})
}
function p2 () {
return new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
reject('p2 reject')
})
}
p2().finally(() => {
console.log('finallyp2')
return p1()
}).then(value => {
console.log(value)
}, reason => {
console.log(reason)
})
// finallyp2
// 兩秒之后執(zhí)行p2 reject
十一、catch方法的實現(xiàn)
-
catch方法是為了捕獲promise對象的所有錯誤回調(diào)的 - 直接調(diào)用
then方法,然后成功的地方傳遞undefined,錯誤的地方傳遞reason -
catch方法是作用在原型對象上的方法
// myPromise.js
catch (failCallback) {
return this.then(undefined, failCallback)
}
// promise.js
const MyPromise = require('./myPromise')
function p2 () {
return new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
reject('p2 reject')
})
}
p2()
.then(value => {
console.log(value)
})
.catch(reason => console.log(reason))
// p2 reject
Promise全部代碼整合
// myPromise.js
const PENDING = 'pending'
const FULFILLED = 'fulfilled'
const REJECTED = 'rejected'
class MyPromise {
constructor (exector) {
try {
exector(this.resolve, this.reject)
} catch (e) {
this.reject(e)
}
}
status = PENDING
value = undefined
reason = undefined
successCallback = []
failCallback = []
resolve = value => {
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
this.status = FULFILLED
this.value = value
while(this.successCallback.length) this.successCallback.shift()()
}
reject = reason => {
if(this.status !== PENDING) return
this.status = REJECTED
this.reason = reason
while(this.failCallback.length) this.failCallback.shift()()
}
then (successCallback = value => value, failCallback = reason => {throw reason}) {
let promise2 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
if(this.status === FULFILLED) {
setTimeout(() => {
try {
let x = successCallback(this.value)
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject)
} catch (e) {
reject(e)
}
}, 0)
} else if (this.status === REJECTED) {
setTimeout(() => {
try {
let x = failCallback(this.reason)
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject)
} catch (e) {
reject(e)
}
}, 0)
} else {
this.successCallback.push(() => {
setTimeout(() => {
try {
let x = successCallback(this.value)
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject)
} catch (e) {
reject(e)
}
}, 0)
})
this.failCallback.push(() => {
setTimeout(() => {
try {
let x = failCallback(this.reason)
resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject)
} catch (e) {
reject(e)
}
}, 0)
})
}
});
return promise2
}
finally (callback) {
// 如何拿到當前的promise的狀態(tài),使用then方法,而且不管怎樣都返回callback
// 而且then方法就是返回一個promise對象,那么我們直接返回then方法調(diào)用之后的結(jié)果即可
// 我們需要在回調(diào)之后拿到成功的回調(diào),所以需要把value也return
// 失敗的回調(diào)也拋出原因
// 如果callback是一個異步的promise對象,我們還需要等待其執(zhí)行完畢,所以需要用到靜態(tài)方法resolve
return this.then(value => {
// 把callback調(diào)用之后返回的promise傳遞過去,并且執(zhí)行promise,且在成功之后返回value
return MyPromise.resolve(callback()).then(() => value)
}, reason => {
// 失敗之后調(diào)用的then方法,然后把失敗的原因返回出去。
return MyPromise.resolve(callback()).then(() => { throw reason })
})
}
catch (failCallback) {
return this.then(undefined, failCallback)
}
static all (array) {
let result = []
let index = 0
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
let addData = (key, value) => {
result[key] = value
index ++
if(index === array.length) {
resolve(result)
}
}
for (let i = 0; i < array.lengt; i++) {
let current = array[i]
if (current instanceof MyPromise) {
current.then(value => addData(i, value), reason => reject(reason))
} else {
addData(i, array[i])
}
}
})
}
static resolve (value) {
if(value instanceof MyPromise) return value
return new MyPromise(resolve => resolve(value))
}
}
function resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject) {
if (promise2 === x) {
return reject(new TypeError('Chaining cycle detected for promise #<Promise>'))
}
if(x instanceof MyPromise) {
x.then(resolve, reject)
} else{
resolve(x)
}
}
module.exports = MyPromise