seckill項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)建流程---Service層

首先先贏明白service層的作用:Service層主要負(fù)責(zé)業(yè)務(wù)模塊的邏輯應(yīng)用設(shè)計(jì),同樣是先設(shè)計(jì)接口,再設(shè)計(jì)其實(shí)現(xiàn)的類,接著再是spring的配置其實(shí)現(xiàn)的關(guān)聯(lián),這樣就可以在應(yīng)用中調(diào)用service接口來進(jìn)行業(yè)務(wù)處理

1、service接口設(shè)計(jì)

~、前臺(tái)頁面需要顯示參與秒殺商品的信息:getSeckillList(showPage):根據(jù)現(xiàn)實(shí)的頁碼進(jìn)行列表查詢,查詢秒殺記錄
~、點(diǎn)擊相應(yīng)連接后前臺(tái)顯示具體商品信息:getById(sekillId):查詢單個(gè)秒殺記錄

package com.seckill.service;
public interface SeckillService {
    /**
     * 查詢所有秒殺記錄
     * @return
     */
    List<Seckill> getSeckillList(int showPage);

    /**
     * 在每頁顯示5條數(shù)據(jù)情況下
     * 獲得總頁數(shù)
     *
     * @return
     */
    int getPageCount();
    /**
     * 查詢單個(gè)秒殺記錄
     * @param seckillId
     * @return
     */
    Seckill getById(long seckillId);

    /**
     * 秒殺開啟時(shí)輸出秒殺接口地址
     * 否則輸出系統(tǒng)時(shí)間和秒殺時(shí)間
     * @param seckillId
     */
    Exposer exportSeckillUrl(long seckillId);

    /**
     * 執(zhí)行秒殺操作,有可能是失敗的,失敗的時(shí)候就拋出異常
     * @param seckillId 秒殺的商品Id
     * @param userPhone 手機(jī)號(hào)碼
     * @param md5 md5加密值
     */
    SeckillExecution executeSeckill(long seckillId, long userPhone, String md5)
            throws SeckillException,SeckillCloseException,RepeaKillException;

    /**
     * 執(zhí)行存儲(chǔ)過程操作
     * @param seckillId
     * @param userPhone
     * @param md5
     * @return
     */
    SeckillExecution executeSeckillProcedure(long seckillId, long userPhone,String md5);
}

當(dāng)開始編寫service接口時(shí),需要思考一個(gè)問題,那就是后臺(tái)反饋給前臺(tái)的數(shù)據(jù)是一個(gè)怎樣的json數(shù)據(jù)?數(shù)字狀態(tài)碼,或者是文字?
這里先解釋幾種對(duì)象:
~、PO: 也就是我們?cè)跒槊恳粡垟?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表寫一個(gè)實(shí)體的類
~、VO, 對(duì)某個(gè)頁面或者展現(xiàn)層所需要的數(shù)據(jù),封裝成一個(gè)實(shí)體類
~、BO, 就是業(yè)務(wù)對(duì)象,我也不是很了解
~、DTO, 跟VO的概念有點(diǎn)混淆,也是相當(dāng)于頁面需要的數(shù)據(jù)封裝成一個(gè)實(shí)體類
~、POJO, 簡(jiǎn)單的無規(guī)則java對(duì)象
了解了這幾種對(duì)象,便可以明白,我們需要向前臺(tái)返回的可以是DTO對(duì)象,后臺(tái)對(duì)所需要返回的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行封裝。
因此對(duì)于service接口中的Esposer和SeckillExecution 對(duì)象便可以解釋,以及相應(yīng)的異常對(duì)象

com.seckill.dto.Exposer
com.seckill.dto.SeckillExecution
    /**
     * 秒殺開啟時(shí)輸出秒殺接口地址
     * 否則輸出系統(tǒng)時(shí)間和秒殺時(shí)間
     * @param seckillId
     */
    Exposer exportSeckillUrl(long seckillId);

    /**
     * 執(zhí)行秒殺操作,有可能是失敗的,失敗的時(shí)候就拋出異常
     * @param seckillId 秒殺的商品Id
     * @param userPhone 手機(jī)號(hào)碼
     * @param md5 md5加密值
     */
    SeckillExecution executeSeckill(long seckillId, long userPhone, String md5)
            throws SeckillException,SeckillCloseException,RepeaKillException;

Exposer如下:(編寫時(shí)也要想好Exposer包含的變量以及不同情況下對(duì)應(yīng)的構(gòu)造函數(shù))

package com.seckill.dto;

public class Exposer {

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Exposer [exposed=" + exposed + ", md5=" + md5 + ", seckillId=" + seckillId + ", now=" + now + ", start="
                + start + ", end=" + end + "]";
    }
    //無參構(gòu)造函數(shù)
    public Exposer() {
        // Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    //是否開啟秒殺
    private boolean exposed;
    // 一種加密措施
    private String md5;
    //秒殺商品id
    private long seckillId;
    // 系統(tǒng)當(dāng)前時(shí)間
    private long now;
    //開啟時(shí)間
    private long start;
    //結(jié)束時(shí)間
    private long end;

    /**
     * 當(dāng)秒殺時(shí)間不符合時(shí),返回的數(shù)據(jù)
     * @param exposed   false狀態(tài)
     * @param seckillId 商品ID
     * @param now   當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)時(shí)間(服務(wù)器時(shí)間)
     * @param start 秒殺開啟時(shí)間
     * @param end   秒殺結(jié)束時(shí)間
     */
    public Exposer(boolean exposed, Long seckillId,long now, long start, long end) {
        super();
        this.seckillId = seckillId;
        this.exposed = exposed;
        this.now = now;
        this.start = start;
        this.end = end;
    }

    /**
     * 該商品符合秒殺時(shí)返回的數(shù)據(jù)
     * @param exposed   狀態(tài)
     * @param md5   一種鹽值加密數(shù)據(jù)
     * @param seckillId 秒殺商品id
     */
    public Exposer(boolean exposed, String md5, long seckillId) {
        super();
        this.exposed = exposed;
        this.md5 = md5;
        this.seckillId = seckillId;
    }

    /**
     * 秒殺商品不存在時(shí)返回的數(shù)據(jù)
     * @param exposed
     * @param seckillId
     */
    public Exposer(boolean exposed, long seckillId) {
        super();
        this.exposed = exposed;
        this.seckillId = seckillId;
    }

    public boolean isExposed() {
        return exposed;
    }

    public void setExposed(boolean exposed) {
        this.exposed = exposed;
    }

    public String getMd5() {
        return md5;
    }

    public void setMd5(String md5) {
        this.md5 = md5;
    }

    public long getSeckillId() {
        return seckillId;
    }

    public void setSeckillId(long seckillId) {
        this.seckillId = seckillId;
    }

    public long getNow() {
        return now;
    }

    public void setNow(long now) {
        this.now = now;
    }

    public long getStart() {
        return start;
    }

    public void setStart(long start) {
        this.start = start;
    }

    public long getEnd() {
        return end;
    }

    public void setEnd(long end) {
        this.end = end;
    }
}

SeckillExecution:執(zhí)行秒殺后后臺(tái)返回給前臺(tái)的數(shù)據(jù)封裝對(duì)象

package com.seckill.dto;

import com.seckill.entity.SuccessKilled;
import com.seckill.enums.SeckillStateEnum;

public class SeckillExecution {
    public SeckillExecution() {
        //Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    // 商品Id
    private long seckillId;

    // 秒殺結(jié)果的狀態(tài)
    private int state;

    /* 狀態(tài)的明文標(biāo)示 */
    private String stateInfo;

    /* 當(dāng)秒殺成功時(shí),需要傳遞秒殺結(jié)果的對(duì)象回去 */
    private SuccessKilled successKilled;

    /* 秒殺成功返回的實(shí)體 */
    public SeckillExecution(long seckillId, SeckillStateEnum stateEnum, SuccessKilled successKilled) {
        super();
        this.seckillId = seckillId;
        this.state = stateEnum.getState();
        this.stateInfo = stateEnum.getStateInfo();
        this.successKilled = successKilled;
    }

    /* 秒殺失敗時(shí)返回的實(shí)體,沒有秒殺結(jié)果的對(duì)象 */
    public SeckillExecution(long seckillId, SeckillStateEnum stateEnum) {
        super();
        this.seckillId = seckillId;
        this.state = stateEnum.getState();
        this.stateInfo = stateEnum.getStateInfo();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "SeckillException [seckillId=" + seckillId + ", state=" + state + ", stateIofo=" + stateInfo
                + ", successKilled=" + successKilled + "]";
    }

    public long getSeckillId() {
        return seckillId;
    }

    public void setSeckillId(long seckillId) {
        this.seckillId = seckillId;
    }

    public int getState() {
        return state;
    }

    public void setState(int state) {
        this.state = state;
    }

    public String getStateInfo() {
        return stateInfo;
    }

    public void setStateInfo(String stateInfo) {
        this.stateInfo = stateInfo;
    }

    public SuccessKilled getSuccessKilled() {
        return successKilled;
    }

    public void setSuccessKilled(SuccessKilled successKilled) {
        this.successKilled = successKilled;
    }
}

定義秒殺過程中可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)的異常
~、定義一個(gè)基礎(chǔ)異常,所有的異常都繼承這個(gè)異常
SeckillException :

package com.seckill.exception;

public class SeckillException extends RuntimeException {

    public SeckillException() {

    }
    public SeckillException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }

    public SeckillException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
    }
}

~、定義重復(fù)秒殺異常:

package com.seckill.exception;

/**
 * 重復(fù)秒殺異常,不需要我們手動(dòng)去try catch
 * @author hyh47
 *
 */
public class RepeaKillException extends SeckillException{

    public RepeaKillException() {

    }
    public RepeaKillException(String message){
        super(message);
    }

    public RepeaKillException(String message,Throwable cause){
        super(message, cause);
    }

}

~、定義秒殺關(guān)閉異常

package com.seckill.exception;

/**
 * 秒殺已經(jīng)關(guān)閉異常,當(dāng)秒殺結(jié)束就會(huì)出現(xiàn)這個(gè)異常
 * @author hyh47
 *
 */
public class SeckillCloseException extends SeckillException{

    public SeckillCloseException() {

    }
    public SeckillCloseException(String message){
        super(message);
    }

    public SeckillCloseException(String message, Throwable cause){
        super(message, cause);
    }
}

2、service接口實(shí)現(xiàn)

@Service
public class SeckillServiceImpl implements SeckillService {

    /*日志記錄*/
    private org.slf4j.Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    /*自定義用于md5加密的鹽值*/
    private final String salt = "ljflajvoia332131ADSFJJL(&(*(*#@";

    final int pageSize = 5;//單頁顯示的數(shù)量

    //注入service依賴
    @Autowired
    private SeckillDao seckillDao;

    @Autowired
    private SuccessKilledDao successKilledDao;

    @Autowired
    private RedisDao redisDao;

    public SeckillServiceImpl() {
        //  Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

    /**
     * 查詢?nèi)康拿霘⒂涗?     *
     * @return 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中所有的秒殺記錄
     */
    /*
        pageSize(每個(gè)頁面所顯示的記錄數(shù))、
        pageCount(頁面的總數(shù))、
        showPage(目前顯示第幾頁)、
        recordCount(總的記錄數(shù))
     */
    @Override
    public List<Seckill> getSeckillList(int showPage) {
        // Auto-generated method stub
        return seckillDao.queryAll((showPage - 1) * pageSize, pageSize);
    }

    @Override
    public int getPageCount() {
        int recordCount = seckillDao.querySeckillNumber();//總數(shù)
        int pageCount = (recordCount % pageSize == 0) ? (recordCount / pageSize) : (recordCount / pageSize + 1);
        return pageCount;
    }

    /**
     * 查詢秒殺記錄,通過商品Id
     */
    @Override
    public Seckill getById(long seckillId) {
        //  Auto-generated method stub
        return seckillDao.queryById(seckillId);
    }

    @Override
    @Transactional
    /**
     * 使用注解控制事務(wù)方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn):
     * 1:開發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)打成一致約定,明確標(biāo)注事務(wù)方法的編程風(fēng)格
     * 2:保證事務(wù)方法的執(zhí)行時(shí)間盡可能短,不穿插其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)操作,RPC/HTTP請(qǐng)求或者剝離到事務(wù)方法外部
     * 3:不是所有的方法都需要事務(wù),比如只有一條修改操作,或者只讀操作不需要事務(wù)控制
     */
    public Exposer exportSeckillUrl(long seckillId) {
        //  Auto-generated method stub

        /*Seckill seckill = seckillDao.queryById(seckillId);
        if (seckill == null){
            return new Exposer(false,seckillId);
        }*/
        Seckill seckill = redisDao.getSeckill(seckillId);
        if (seckill == null) {
            //訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)讀取數(shù)據(jù)
            seckill = seckillDao.queryById(seckillId);
            if (seckill == null) {
                return new Exposer(false, seckillId);
            } else {
                //放入redis中
                redisDao.putSeckill(seckill);
            }
        }
        Date startTime = seckill.getStartTime();
        Date endTime = seckill.getEndTime();
        //當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)時(shí)間
        Date nowTime = new Date();

        if (nowTime.getTime() < startTime.getTime()
                || nowTime.getTime() > endTime.getTime()) {
            return new Exposer(false, seckillId, nowTime.getTime(),
                    startTime.getTime(), endTime.getTime());
        }
        String md5 = getMD5(seckillId);//

        return new Exposer(true, md5, seckillId);
    }

    private String getMD5(long seckillId) {
        String base = seckillId + "/" + salt;
        String md5 = DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(base.getBytes());
        return md5;

    }

    @Override
    public SeckillExecution executeSeckill(long seckillId, long userPhone, String md5)
            throws SeckillException, SeckillCloseException, RepeaKillException {

        //在這一系列操作中,對(duì)應(yīng)事務(wù),return是commit,拋異常是rollback
        try {
            if (md5 == null || !md5.equals(getMD5(seckillId))) {
                logger.error("秒殺數(shù)據(jù)被篡改");
                throw new SeckillException("seckill data rewrite");
            }

            //執(zhí)行秒殺邏輯: 減庫(kù)存+記錄購(gòu)買行為
            Date nowTime = new Date();
            //記錄購(gòu)買行為
            int insertCount = successKilledDao.insertSuccessKilled(seckillId, userPhone);
            //唯一:seckillId,userPhone
            if (insertCount <= 0) {
                logger.warn("不允許重復(fù)秒殺");
                throw new RepeaKillException("repeaKill !!");
            } else {
                //減庫(kù)存,熱點(diǎn)商品競(jìng)爭(zhēng)
                int updateCount = seckillDao.reduceNumber(seckillId, nowTime);
                if (updateCount <= 0) {
                    //沒有更新記錄,秒殺結(jié)束,可能時(shí)間結(jié)束也可能庫(kù)存為零,rollback
                    logger.warn("沒有更新數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)記錄,秒殺已經(jīng)結(jié)束了");
                    throw new SeckillCloseException("seckill is closed");
                } else {
                    //秒殺成功,commit
                    SuccessKilled successkilled = successKilledDao.queryByIdWithSeckill(seckillId, userPhone);
                    return new SeckillExecution(seckillId, SeckillStateEnum.SUCCESS, successkilled);
                }

            }

        } catch (SeckillCloseException | RepeaKillException e1) {

            throw e1;
        } catch (Exception e) {

            logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
            throw new SeckillException("seckill inner error:" + e.getMessage());
        }

    }

    @Override
    public SeckillExecution executeSeckillProcedure(long seckillId, long userPhone, String md5) {

        if (md5 == null || !md5.equals(getMD5(seckillId))) {
            return new SeckillExecution(seckillId, SeckillStateEnum.DATE_PEWRITER);
        }

        Date killTime = new Date();
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("seckillId", seckillId);
        map.put("phone", userPhone);
        map.put("killTime", killTime);
        map.put("result", null);
        //執(zhí)行存儲(chǔ)過程,result被復(fù)制

        try {
            seckillDao.killByProcedure(map);
            //獲取result
            int result = MapUtils.getInteger(map, "result", -2);
            if (result == 1) {
                SuccessKilled successKilled = successKilledDao.queryByIdWithSeckill(seckillId, userPhone);
                return new SeckillExecution(seckillId, SeckillStateEnum.SUCCESS, successKilled);
            } else {
                return new SeckillExecution(seckillId, SeckillStateEnum.stateOf(result));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
            return new SeckillExecution(seckillId, SeckillStateEnum.INNER_ERROR);
        }
    }
}

在這里我們捕獲了運(yùn)行時(shí)異常,這樣做的原因就是Spring的事物默認(rèn)就是發(fā)生了RuntimeException才會(huì)回滾,可以檢測(cè)出來的異常是不會(huì)導(dǎo)致事物的回滾的,這樣的目的就是你明知道這里會(huì)發(fā)生異常,所以你一定要進(jìn)行處理.如果只是為了讓編譯通過的話,那捕獲異常也沒多意思,所以這里要注意事物的回滾.
然后我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)這里存在硬編碼的現(xiàn)象,就是返回各種字符常量,例如秒殺成功,秒殺失敗等等,這些字符串時(shí)可以被重復(fù)使用的,而且這樣維護(hù)起來也不方便,要到處去類里面尋找這樣的字符串,所有我們使用枚舉類來管理這樣狀態(tài),在com.seckill包下建立enum包,專門放置枚舉類,然后再建立SeckillStateEnum枚舉類:
此處關(guān)于秒殺結(jié)果的集中狀態(tài),采用枚舉類進(jìn)行封裝

com.seckill.enums.SeckillStateEnum
package com.seckill.enums;

/**
 * 使用枚舉表述常量數(shù)據(jù)字段
 * @author hyh47
 *
 */
public enum SeckillStateEnum {
    SUCCESS(1,"秒殺成功"),
    END(0,"秒殺結(jié)束"),
    REPEAT_KILL(-1,"重復(fù)秒殺"),
    INNER_ERROR(-2,"系統(tǒng)異常"),
    DATE_PEWRITER(-3,"數(shù)據(jù)篡改");
    
    private int state;
    private String stateInfo;

    public int getState() {
        return state;
    }
    public String getStateInfo() {
        return stateInfo;
    }
    private SeckillStateEnum(int state, String stateInfo) {
        this.state = state;
        this.stateInfo = stateInfo;
    }

    public static SeckillStateEnum stateOf(int index){
        for (SeckillStateEnum state: values()){
            if (state.getState() == index){
                return state;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
    
}

3、進(jìn)行service層的spring配置,注入service

~、掃描service包下的注解
~、配置事務(wù),在事務(wù)中注入數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接池
~、開啟基于注解的聲明式事務(wù)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd ">

    <!--掃描service包下所有使用注解的類型 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.seckill.service"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 配置事務(wù)管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 開啟基于注解的聲明式事務(wù) -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

在配置過程中應(yīng)該注意xml的頭信息

4、service層的測(cè)試

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration({"classpath:spring/spring-dao.xml", "classpath:spring/spring-service.xml"})
public class SeckillServiceTest {

    private org.slf4j.Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @Resource
    private SeckillService seckillService;

    @Test
    public void executeSeckillProcedure() throws Exception {

        long seckillId = 1001L;
        long userphone = 18126745520L;

        Exposer exposer = seckillService.exportSeckillUrl(seckillId);

        if (exposer.isExposed()) {
            String md5 = exposer.getMd5();
            SeckillExecution execution = seckillService.executeSeckillProcedure(seckillId, userphone, md5);
            logger.info(execution.getStateInfo());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void getPageCount() throws Exception {
        System.out.println(seckillService.getPageCount());
    }

    @Test
    public void getSeckillList() throws Exception {

        List<Seckill> list = seckillService.getSeckillList(1);
        logger.info(list.toString());
        System.out.println(list.toString());
    }

    @Test
    public void getById() throws Exception {
        long seckillId = 1000L;
        Seckill seckill = seckillService.getById(seckillId);
        System.out.println(seckill.toString());
    }

    @Test
    public void exportSeckillUrl() throws Exception {
        long seckillId = 1000L;
        Exposer exposer = seckillService.exportSeckillUrl(seckillId);
        System.out.println(exposer.toString());
    }

    @Test
    public void executeSeckill() throws Exception {

        long seckillId = 1000L;
        long userPhone = 125906441181L;
        String md5 = "ab977232c7bfb60cf33df852e171edd9";
        try {
            SeckillExecution seckillExecution = seckillService.executeSeckill(seckillId, userPhone, md5);
            logger.info("result={}", seckillExecution);
        } catch (SeckillCloseException e) {

            logger.error(e.getMessage());
        } catch (RepeaKillException e) {

            logger.error(e.getMessage());
        } catch (SeckillException e) {

            logger.error(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

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