Sports Injury

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Exercise and a certain amount of strenuous physical activity are important for maintaining good health. However, before engaging in them, it's important to know how to prevent injuries from occurring, especially for athletes and elderly people. Injuries can be minimized by doing a proper warm up. This consists of increasing your heart rate and the blood flow to all parts of your body. A good way to do this is through a series of static stretches followed by a series of dynamic stretches, which are done while moving.

譯文：想保持健康，鍛煉和一定量的劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)很重要。然而，在運(yùn)動(dòng)之前，知道如何防止傷害的發(fā)生是很重要的，尤其是對(duì)于運(yùn)動(dòng)員和老年人。做適當(dāng)?shù)臒嵘磉\(yùn)動(dòng)可以讓損傷降到最低。這包括提高你的心率和促進(jìn)血液流向身體的各個(gè)部位。一個(gè)有效的方法是先做一系列靜態(tài)拉伸，然后再做一系列動(dòng)態(tài)拉伸，這些拉伸都是在運(yùn)動(dòng)中完成的。

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Using the proper equipment is essential, especially in contact sports. To protect the head, for example, well-designed helmets can greatly reduce the incidence of concussions. Concussions are caused when the soft, jello-like brain slams into the hard human skull. Research shows that repeated concussions can have serious consequences.

譯文：使用合適的裝備是必要的，尤其是在接觸性運(yùn)動(dòng)中。例如，為了保護(hù)頭部，精心設(shè)計(jì)的頭盔可以大大降低腦震蕩的發(fā)生率。當(dāng)柔軟的、凝膠狀的大腦撞擊堅(jiān)硬的人類頭骨時(shí)，就會(huì)引起腦震蕩。研究表明，反復(fù)的腦震蕩會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的后果。

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Compression sportswear is another way to reduce the risk of injury, especially muscle injuries. More and more athletes are using them because their use can also speed up muscle recovery when an injury occurs.

譯文：壓縮運(yùn)動(dòng)服是另一種減少受傷風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的方法，尤其是肌肉損傷。越來(lái)越多的運(yùn)動(dòng)員穿壓縮運(yùn)動(dòng)服，因?yàn)槭軅麜r(shí)它們也可以加速肌肉的恢復(fù)。

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Another contributing factor in sports injuries is fatigue. Doctors believe that fatigue is an important warning sign that the body has reached its limit. When fatigued it is more difficult for the body to protect itself. Therefore it's a good idea to stop an activity at the first sign of fatigue. Rest periods, even for professional athletes, can prevent serious injuries from occurring.

譯文：造成運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷的另一個(gè)因素是疲勞。醫(yī)生認(rèn)為疲勞是身體達(dá)到極限的一個(gè)重要警告信號(hào)。疲勞時(shí)，身體更難保護(hù)自己。因此，在出現(xiàn)疲勞跡象時(shí)最好立即停止該項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。即使是職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員，休息也可以預(yù)防嚴(yán)重受傷。

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Understanding injuries and the body's reaction to them can help people cope with the problems that accompany physical exercise. The support and understanding of coaches, teammates and family can be a critical factor in prevention and recovery. Once an injury occurs, it's too late to prevent it, and recovery can take a long time. For the elderly, a simple fall can be fatal.

譯文：了解損傷以及身體對(duì)損傷的反應(yīng)可以幫助人們應(yīng)對(duì)伴隨體育鍛煉而來(lái)的諸多問(wèn)題。教練、隊(duì)友和家人的支持和理解是預(yù)防和康復(fù)的關(guān)鍵因素。一旦受傷發(fā)生，就已經(jīng)來(lái)不及預(yù)防了，恢復(fù)可能需要很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。對(duì)于老年人來(lái)說(shuō)，一次簡(jiǎn)單的跌倒可能是致命的。

Exercises:

1. The tone of this article is helpful and informative.

2. Which of the following is a contributing factor in sports injuries?

A. using the proper equipment

B. fatigue

C. taking frequent rests

D. doing a proper warm up

3. To minimize something means to reduce it.

4. A contributing factor is something that is partly responsible.

5. An activity is strenuous if it requires great effort.

Please tap the first correct sentence to appear:

1. What is specially important for contact sports?

Using the proper equipment is essential, especially in contact sports.

2. What can be a critical factor in the recovery process?

The support and understanding of coaches, teammates and family can be a critical factor in prevention and recovery.

3. What is a good warm up?

This consists of increasing your heart rate and the blood flow to all parts of your body.

4.What can reduce the incidence of concussions ?

To protect the head, for example, well-designed helmets can greatly reduce the incidence of concussions.

Fill in the blanks:

1. Compression sportswear is another way to reduce the risk of injury, especially muscle injuries. More and more athletes are using them because their use can also speed up muscle recovery when an injury occurs.

2. Another contributing factor in sports injuries is fatigue. Doctors believe that fatigue is an important warning sign that the body has reached its limit. When fatigued it is more difficult for the body to protect itself. Therefore it's a good idea to stop an activity at the first sign of fatigue. Rest periods, even for professional athletes, can prevent serious injuries from occurring.

Put the sentences below in order:

(1) When fatigued it is more difficult for the body to protect itself.

(2) Therefore it's a good idea to stop an activity at the first sign of fatigue.

(3) Rest periods, even for professional athletes, can prevent serious injuries from occurring.

(4) Doctors believe that fatigue is an important warning sign that the body has reached its limit.

Correct Order: (4) (1) (2) (3)

Repeat & Read Sentences:

1. Injuries can be minimized by doing a proper warm up.

2. Another contributing factor in sports injuries is fatigue.

3. Therefore it's a good idea to stop an activity at the first sign of fatigue.

4. Compression sportswear is another way to reduce the risk of injury, especially muscle injuries.

5. Understanding injuries and the body's reaction to them can help people cope with the problems that accompany physical exercise.