臺(tái)灣清華彭明輝教授的研究生手冊(cè)(簡(jiǎn)體完全版)

碩士畢業(yè)生和大學(xué)畢業(yè)生最大的差別，就是：學(xué)士只學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)吸收系統(tǒng)知識(shí)的能力（也就是讀別人整理、組織好的知識(shí)，典型的就是課本）；但碩士則學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)自己從無(wú)組織的知識(shí)中檢索、篩選、組織知識(shí)的能力。

How to Read a Paper Efficiently (By Prof. Pete Carr)

DON'T read in order as the paper is printed

2 phases:

• Survey the Article
  to see if it is really worthy investing a lot of time in.
  • 看：title, key words, abstraction, conclusions
  • Stop: 如果發(fā)現(xiàn) unworthy，立刻停止
• Read the Article
  • look at the tables and figures
  • read the introduction
  • read the results and discussion (heart part)
  • if the paper is really relevant, detailed read the experiences.
• TAKE NOTES
  • beneficial, save time
  • DON'T write on your PDF, because you can't collect those notes easily.
  • TAKE a bunch of index cards. 有條理的組織起來(lái)

How to Read a Research Paper
Goal, Patient, Practice

3-pass approach

• skim through the paper to get it just of it's meaning
  title, abstract
  skim the rest
  no math firstly
  Goal: understand the aims of the author; what are the paper's main contributions; what problems does it attempt to solve; is this a paper that I'm really interested in.
• reread. take notes.
  figure descriptions
  download the code if needed
• Detail in math.
  replicate
  discuss with other people

Never Give up

如何有效閱讀文獻(xiàn)

• 知道學(xué)術(shù)論文的構(gòu)造 AIMRD: Abstract Introduction Method Results Discussion

• 先進(jìn)行一遍略讀，然后對(duì)重點(diǎn)部分做精讀

• 第一遍略讀 三五分鐘

  • 剖析paper標(biāo)題，key words
  • 探究作者內(nèi)心真實(shí)想法，提出問(wèn)題并解決問(wèn)題。
  • introduction，閱讀的時(shí)候關(guān)注幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵字:However(轉(zhuǎn)折), Objective(目標(biāo)), Hypothesis(假設(shè))。去找創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)和假設(shè)/問(wèn)題等
  • 先略過(guò)method的細(xì)節(jié)，關(guān)注圖表及其標(biāo)題，對(duì)研究方法有所了解
  • Results：關(guān)注結(jié)構(gòu)，就是二級(jí)標(biāo)題，就能知道作者是通過(guò)幾個(gè)方面來(lái)報(bào)道研究結(jié)果的
  • Conclusion部分

• 第二遍細(xì)讀

  • 摘要 詳細(xì)了解研究目的/研究方法/重要數(shù)據(jù)/結(jié)論，驗(yàn)證自己粗讀時(shí)候的一些猜測(cè)。詳細(xì)閱讀。
  • Introduction。段落大意
  • Method。帶著問(wèn)題去讀，要有重點(diǎn)尋找的內(nèi)容。
  • Result。善于找重點(diǎn)，研究圖表。
  • Discussion。主要關(guān)注的是discrepancy（不符，矛盾）和Limitation

• 第三遍
  對(duì)重點(diǎn)的部分仔細(xì)研讀。