3.Not to mention?what is happening in the world of?online-dating. An attractive?profile photo, real or fake, can greatly boost one’s chance of getting a date.

in job market 應(yīng)該改為 in the job market

說照片的真假不能說true or false，要說real or fake

improve the chances to be dating應(yīng)該改為improve the chance of being asked out for a date。

At first, the girl looks homely with disheveled hair. However she begged, no-one borrowed her.

點評：the girl looks homely with disheveled hair應(yīng)該改為the girl looks homely and disheveled；borrow是“向……借”，這里要改為lend；第二句話的時態(tài)要改為一般現(xiàn)在時(講的是一個viral video，不管是不是過去發(fā)生，還要用現(xiàn)在時。

修改版本：At first, the girl looks homely and disheveled. However she begs, no one lends her money.

It's no wonder that even the cost is expensive, many people are willing to undergo plastic surgery.

cost不能與expensive搭配，這里應(yīng)該改為high。even不能作連詞，應(yīng)該改為even when/even if。

修改版本：No wonder that even when the cost is high, many people are still willing to undergo plastic surgery.

學(xué)生譯文：But before you take actions, some downsides worth considering.

點評：some downsides worth considering應(yīng)該改為some downsides are worth considering；take actions應(yīng)該改為take action。

修改版本：But before you take action, some downsides are worth considering.

sb's looks

■a person's appearance, especially how attractive they are相貌，長相

?I like her?looks.我喜歡她的相貌。

?Her?looks?improved as she grew older.年紀稍大一些后，她變得好看多了。

?He put on weight and started to lose his?looks.他胖了，而且開始長得越來越難看了。

注意與look區(qū)分：

the look of sb/sth

IMPROVER

■the appearance of someone or something相貌，外觀

?They liked the?look?of the hotel, but it was too expensive.他們很喜歡飯店的外觀，只是價格太貴了。

?I don't like the?look?of that fence (= It appears to have something wrong with it).我不喜歡那道柵欄的樣子。

Spare

UK[spe?r]US[sper]adjective

EXTRA額外的

IMPROVER

■If something is spare, it is available to use because it is extra額外的，備用的；多余的

?a spare key/tyre備用鎖匙／輪胎

?spare sheets and blankets多余的床單和毛毯

?Have you got a spare pen?你有多余的筆嗎？

?We've got aspareroomif you want to stay overnight with us.要是你想在我們這里過夜的話，我們有一個空房間。

?Could I have a word with you when you've got a spare moment/minute?如果你有時間，我能否和你談兩句？

?UK informal"Do you want this cake?" "Yes, if it's going spare(= if no one else wants it)."“你要這塊蛋糕嗎？”“如果沒有別人要，就給我吧?！?/p>

Their places are?far from?perfect, but each of them is?nice and cozy?in its own unique way.

Their homes are?far from?perfection, but every one is?nice and cozy,with distinctive features.

?deteriorate

to become worse:Air quality is rapidly deteriorating in our?cities.|Living conditions here have?deteriorated in the past few years.

?get worse

to become worse.Get worseis less formal and more common thandeterioratein everyday English:My eyesight seems to be getting worse.|He’s never been well-behaved, but he’s getting even?worse.

?go downto become gradually worse – used especially about the standard of something:The hotel’s gone down since its management?changed.|Nick’s teachers say that his work?has gone down recently.

?go?downhill to become much worse and be in a very bad condition, especially after a particular time or event:During the?recession the business began to go downhill.|Her health went downhill rapidly after?Christmas.

?decline?especially writtento become gradually worse – used especially about standards of living, education, health etc:After the war, the standard of living declined.|Over the years, the standard of public transport has?declined.

?degenerateformalto become worse, or to become something bad instead of something good:Relations between the two countries have degenerated.|The debate degenerated into an argument between the?two sides.

?escalateto become much worse very quickly – used especially about fighting, violence, or a bad situation:Further?violence could escalate into a full-scale armed conflict.|The political crisis escalated.

?spiral out of control?to become worse in a way that cannot be controlled and is extremely serious and worrying:Police say that the violence has spiralled out of?control.|Scientists are worried that?global warming could soon spiral out of control.|Costs have been spiralling out of control.

文章開頭 引出現(xiàn)象的summary: ? ??when where who what why how

A property firm which offers flats specially for single people found that the average age of the buyers is 32, which is not because they are yet to have children,?rather, they probably will never have them.

邏輯不清晰，不直接，不到位。

原因：主語不應(yīng)該是一家公司，而應(yīng)該直接點出問題的對象——the age ，再想誰的age ，顧客，特征：young single 是多少。事實現(xiàn)象陳述完畢。說明。。。

In London, the average age of people buying Pocket Living, a building designed for single?youngsters, is 32, which means young people are postponing their age of having children, or will?never have them.

erratic難以捉摸

學(xué)生譯文：1.? It's free to live on one's own, doing things and living the way you want. It's convenient whether in terms of living styles or learning habits.

點評：is free to live and act 應(yīng)該改為offers the freedom to live and act…；in the way可以直接說the way，更簡潔； learning habits應(yīng)該改為study habits.

1. Living?on your own?offers a great deal of freedom to act and live?the way you want. It is convenient in terms of?both lifestyle and study habits.

hin自由，干什么很自由？ 給你自由去干嗎，so 是sth offers you the freedom to do sth

considerate

UK[k?n's?d.?r.?t]US[-?-]

10. If you still decide to?stick with?each other despite that, chances are your friendship will last a lifetime.

10.If you choose to stick with each other despite that, chances are, your friendship will last forever.

2.In terms of lifestyle, you don't have to?make bathroom schedules?with anyone. Instead, you can?have?it totally?to yourself, so nothing awkward happens in the morning.

2. In life aspect, instead of making bathroom schedules with some else, you can have it all to yourself, so something embarrassing won't happen in the morning time.

12. That’s why, despite all the possible?inconveniences, I would still choose to share a room with others during my?college years.

12.Therefore, despite some inconvenience sometimes, I still choose to share a room with others in college years.

雖然不是所有長久的婚姻都一定幸福，但婚姻的長度確實能說明一定問題。(say something about it)

3.Although not all long marriages are necessarily happy marriages, the length of marriage does?say something about it.

3.While not all long-lasting marriages are happy ones, the length of a marriage does?say something about it.

6. 他特別敏感，而且有一種制造小浪漫的天賦。(have a knack for...)

6.He is sensitive in every possible way and?has a knack for?making little romantic gestures.

6.He is very sensitive, and has a?knack for?creating little romance.

7. 爺爺喜歡種花養(yǎng)草。奶奶還沒睡醒，他就從后院的小花園里摘下最美的花兒，插在他們床頭柜上的花瓶里。(backyard garden, nightstand)

7.Being a gardener, he always picks the most beautiful flowers in the smallbackyard gardenand puts them in the vase on their?nightstand?before my grandma gets up.

7.My grandpa loves gardening. He will pick up the most beautiful flowers from the?backyard garden?and place them in the vase on the?nightstand?before grandma wakes up.

PICK

.[VN]to take flowers, fruit, etc. from the plant or the tree where they are growing

?采；摘:

?to pick grapes

摘葡萄

?flowers freshly picked from the garden

剛從花園采的鮮花

?to go blackberry picking

去采黑莓

9. 不幸的是，爺爺70多歲的時候患上了老年癡呆癥。過去的事情還記得不少，但他很難記住近期發(fā)生的事情。(suffer from Alzheimer's, establish short-term memories)

9.Unfortunately, my grandpa started to?suffer from Alzheimer's?in his early seventies. He still has many of his old memories but has trouble?establishing short-term memories.

9.Unfortunately, grandpa suffered?from Alzheimer's?at his 70s. He can remember quite some stuff, but can hardly establish short-time memories.

to help him?calm down.

to?calm?him?down.

12. 我想，幸福的婚姻并不是說兩個人總是幸福的，而是說他們都會非常努力，讓對方開心，就像《麥琪的禮物》里那樣。(The Gift of the Magi)

12.I guess a happy marriage does not mean the couple is always happy, but they try so hard to make each other happy, like what happens inThe Gift of the Magi.

12.I figure a happy marriage is not that when both are happy all the time, but when they both work really hard to make the other one happy, just like what they do inThe Gift of the Magi.

2. I first saw this painting in a book on?French impressionism?in the school library a few years ago.?

在...書中看到用介詞in，不用on；關(guān)于...的書應(yīng)該說a book on...

landscape

■a view or picture of the countryside, or the art of making such pictures鄉(xiāng)村風景；鄉(xiāng)村風景畫；鄉(xiāng)村風景繪畫

?a watercolour?landscape.水彩風景畫

?J.M.W. Turner is one of Britain's best-known?landscape?painters.J.M.W.特納是英國最著名的風景畫畫家之一。

5.In addition to?the greens, Monet’s?palette?consists of white, pink, purple, yellow, blue, brown and black.

解析：

palette

['p?l.?t]noun

countable

■a thin board with curved edges and a hole for your thumb, used by an artist to mix their paints on while they are painting調(diào)色板

countable usually singular

■the range of colours that an artist usually paints with用色風格

?Matisse's?palette?typically consists of bright blues, greens and oranges.馬蒂斯所運用的典型色彩包括亮藍、綠色和橙色。

這里shadow, water, leaf都是可數(shù)名詞，都要使用復(fù)數(shù)形式；light表示“光線”是不可數(shù)名詞，依然保持light原形；lively是形容詞，這里應(yīng)該改為副詞vividly。

修改版本：Different hues vividly represent shadows and light, waters and leaves.

represent (這個詞很實用，在描述藝術(shù)作品時可以用到。）

[?rep.r?'zent]verb

DESCRIBE描寫

ESSENTIALtransitive

■to show or describe something or someone表現(xiàn)；展現(xiàn)；描繪；描述

?[+-ingverb] The statue?represents?St George killing the dragon.這座雕像展現(xiàn)的是圣喬治斬龍的故事。

?This new report?represents?the current situation in our schools.這份新的報告介紹了我們這里的學(xué)校現(xiàn)狀。

?He?represents?himself as an expert, but he knows nothing.他自稱是個專家，可是他一竅不通。

但是注意區(qū)別：

?depict

??to describe someone or something in a piece of writing:

His stories depict life in Trinidad as seen?through the eyes of a young boy.

|In this?new biography she is depicted as a lonely and unhappy?woman.

?portray/represent?

to describe someone or something in a particular way:? (尤指不公平地)展現(xiàn),描述,表現(xiàn):

College teachers are often represented on television shows as?slightly eccentric.

|The magazine has been?criticized for the way it portrays women.

Police?have represented her as a willing participant in the crimes.

capture

■to represent or describe something very accurately using words or images（用文字或圖像）表現(xiàn)，描繪，刻畫

?It would be impossible to?capture?her beauty in a painting.她的美無法用畫筆描繪。

He was inspired by his garden view. Monet started to build his garden from his forties. There are cool greens, sparkling water and exotic plants.

8. This painting was?inspired?by his garden view. Monet started growing his own gardens in his forties with?cool greens?and calm, reflective waters,（波光粼粼的平靜睡眠） enhanced by?exotic plants.

被啟發(fā)的對象應(yīng)該是莫奈的繪畫，而不是莫奈自己。build his garden應(yīng)該改為grow his gardens。后半部分不需要另外起there be句型，造成時態(tài)問題，建議與前面合并；sparkling waters是一個酒店名，sparkling water指的是“蘇打水”“氣泡水”，此處應(yīng)該用reflective waters。

10. 畫家捕捉了一個短暫時刻轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的之美，從中創(chuàng)造出永恒。(capture, ephemeral moment, eternity)

10.The painter?captured an ephemeral moment?of beauty and created?eternity?out of it.

10. The painter?captured?the passing beauty of an?ephemeral moment?and created?eternity?out of it.

11. 花園本身和畫作都表現(xiàn)出畫家獨特的視覺敏感性和對自然的情感。(visual sensitivity)

11.His unique?visual sensitivity?and emotional response to nature are expressed in both the garden itself and his paintings.

對。。。的情感 不能說emotion toward sth

4.（主語是事物）輕微地顯露，流露，是延續(xù)性的狀態(tài)（第一類動詞）?！纠纭縃is gray eyes usually suggested a confidence and discretion born from experience. 他灰色的眼睛常常顯示出經(jīng)過世故養(yǎng)成了既自信又嚴謹?shù)男愿瘛? His reaction suggested a guilty conscience. 他的反應(yīng)流露出有點心虛。

Manifestindicates a much more clear-cut or unmistakable revealing; unlikeevince, it would suggest something that requires no investigation but is plainly evident to anyone: a hunger thatmanifesteditself in strange ways; a countrymanifestingan unbelievable luxuriance of flora and fauna.

2.[VN]to show sth that previously could not be seen

? 顯出；露出；展示

【SYN】display:

?He laughed, revealing a line of white teeth.

他笑了起來,露出一排潔白的牙齒。

?The door opened to reveal a cosy little?room.

房門打開,一間溫暖舒適的小屋展現(xiàn)在眼前。

?She crouched in the dark, too frightened toreveal herself.

她蜷縮在黑暗中,嚇得不敢露面。

SHOW表露

ESSENTIAL

■to show a feeling, opinion or fact陳述；表達；表露

?Her eyes expressed deep sadness.她眼神中流露出深切的悲傷。

?I would like toexpressmy thanks for your kindness.我想向你的善意表示衷心的感謝。

?Words can'texpresshowhappy I am.言語無法形容我的快樂。

?These figures areexpressedasa percentage of the total.這些數(shù)字是用總數(shù)的百分比來表示的。

express yourself

■to communicate what you think or feel, by speaking or writing, or in some other way表達自己（的想法或感受）

?I'm afraid I'm not expressing myself very clearly.我擔心沒有把意思表達清楚。

?Children often express themselves in painting.小朋友經(jīng)常透過畫畫來表達內(nèi)心的感受。

?point out?to mention something that seems particularly important or relevant:

Dr Graham?points out that most children show some signs of abnormal behaviour.

|It’s worth pointing out that few people actually die?of this disease.

學(xué)生譯文：In the past, when options were limited, sellers could ramp up the price of some product which is in demand, but that is unlikely to happen now

點評：關(guān)于時態(tài)，過去式本身就能表示過去發(fā)生的情況，所以in the past可以刪去。同上一句，options應(yīng)該改為choice；some product應(yīng)該改為a certain product；定語從句可以簡化為定語。unlikely應(yīng)該改為less likely。

修改版本：When the choice was limited, sellers could?ramp up?the price of a certain in-demand product, but that is less likely to happen now.

學(xué)生譯文：However, these benefits are at the expense of environment.

點評：表示“自然環(huán)境”時，environment前面始終要加the，因此environment應(yīng)改為the environment。be動詞雖然沒有語法錯誤，但不如原句生動形象。

修改版本：However, such benefits come?at the expense of the environment.

Require sth of sb(注意不是from)

還有copy off of sb /take my eyes off of sb?這里的of 都和表示 /拿走，使損失/ 的動詞搭配

■used in expressions showing loss（用于表示損失）

?They were robbed of all their savings.他們的全部積蓄都被搶走了。

?I feel I've been deprived of your company.我感覺我和你在一起的機會全被剝奪了。

2.[often passive]~ sth (of sb)to make sb do or have sth, especially because it is necessary according to a particular law or set of rules

? 使做(某事)；使擁有(某物)；(尤指根據(jù)法規(guī))規(guī)定:

? [VN]

?What exactly is required of a receptionist(= what?are they expected to do)?

接待員的職責到底是什么？

?The wearing of seat belts is required by law.

法律規(guī)定必須系安全帶。

?'Hamlet' is required reading(= must be read)for this course.

《哈姆雷特》是這門課程的指定讀物。

?Several students failed to reach the?required standard.

有幾名學(xué)生沒有達到規(guī)定的標準。

2．accident 單獨用指“偶然”，不指“不幸”，如 She was twenty when accident brought her to the notice of the great author 和 That was merely a matter of accident。by accident 作“偶然地”解，并沒有“不幸”的意思。（by accident 的反義表達方式是 by design 或 on purpose。）

但是如果仔細想想 but if you think about it

Gold Standard

1.a system of providing and controlling the exchange of money in a country, in which the value of money (compared to foreign money) is fixed against that of gold ?金本位制

2.something which is very good and is used for measuring how good other similar things are在同類事物中作為尺規(guī)，起到衡量比較作用的好事物

?I think 'Sesame Street' is still the gold standard for preschool television. 我覺得《芝麻街》仍然是衡量學(xué)齡前兒童電視節(jié)目品質(zhì)的尺規(guī)。

golden rule

■an important rule or principle, especially in a particular situation（尤指在某種情況下使用的）重要的原則，指導(dǎo)準則

?The golden?rule for working in any factory is to observe its safety?regulations.在任何工廠工作都要遵守的重要原則是遵守其安全生產(chǎn)規(guī)章。

?on your own/by yourself?without help from anyone else:I can’t move the bed on my?own.|See if you can work out the answer by yourself.|all on your own/all by?yourself(=used when you feel impressed or feel sympathy for?someone):Did you paint this picture all on your?own?|It’s not fair that she does?everything all by herself.

?alone?without any help from anyone else.Alone?is more formal and less common thanon your ownorby yourself:Police believe the killer acted alone.

?independently?without asking for help or advice from anyone:Students are taught to work?independently.|One day she will have to?live independently without the support of her family.

?unaided?without the help of anyone or anything – used especially about people who are very weak, ill etc:He is unable to breathe unaided.|After treatment, he was able to go up and down stairs?unaided.

?single-handedly?doing something difficult or impressive without help from anyone else:She single-handedly?reformed the entire system.

?solo?by one person, not a group:Lindbergh’s solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean|She is planning to release a solo album.|He sang and played the song?solo.

?lone?adjective[only befor?noun]doing something alone. Used especially in the following phrases:a lone gunman:Police say the attack was carried out by alone?gunman.|The government should do more to help lone parents(=who raise a child alone).

學(xué)生譯文：A month ago I met an old friend who I hadn't seen for a long time, so we have a lot to talk about. Somehow we talked about social news.

點評：用定語從句 who I hadn't seen for a long time修飾朋友屬于比較少見的用法。建議參考原句調(diào)整。整個句子都是過去發(fā)生的事情，we have應(yīng)該改成we had。talk about更偏重于談?wù)摗⒄f起某事，discuss側(cè)重于“討論”，結(jié)合下文更符合語境。

修改版本：A month ago I met an old friend. I hadn't seen her for a long time, so we had a lot to talk about. Somehow?we began discussing social news.

2. Recently, there have been several?high-profile cases?of elderly people who?collapsed?or suffered accidents in public spaces, who then?sued?the?good Samaritans?who tried to help them.

解析：

high-profile

UK[?ha?'pr??.fa?l]US[-'pro?-]adjective[before noun]

ADVANCED

■attracting a lot of attention and interest from the public and newpapers, television, etc引人注目的，備受關(guān)注的

?high-profile?politicians備受關(guān)注的政治家

?He resigned from a?high-profile?job as economic adviser to the Prime Minister.他辭去了首相的財經(jīng)顧問這備受矚目的職位元。

collapse

[k?'l?ps]verb

FALL倒下

IMPROVERintransitive

■to fall down suddenly because of pressure or having no strength or support（由于壓力、無力或缺乏支持而）倒塌，坍塌，崩潰，垮掉

?Thousands of buildings?collapsed?in the earthquake.數(shù)以千計的建筑物在地震中倒塌了。

?The chair?collapsed?under her weight.椅子承受不了她的重量散架了。

?figurative He thought his whole world had?collapsed?when his wife died.妻子去世后他覺得自己的整個世界都坍塌了。

學(xué)生譯文：There are some?high-profile cases?in recent years, which about the elderly?collapse?suddenly in public place and some?good Samaritans?help them but end up being?sued.

good?Sa?mar?itans

?noun[pl.]

? a British charity that offers help to people who are very depressed and in danger of killing themselves, by providing a phone number that they can ring in order to talk to sb

? 撒瑪利亞會(英國慈善團體,為嚴重抑郁和想自殺的人提供熱線電話談心服務(wù))

n?a person who voluntarily offers help or sympathy in times of?trouble

點評：時態(tài)上，這些事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生并對現(xiàn)在人們的行事方式造成了影響，所以使用現(xiàn)在完成時there have been，后面的內(nèi)容用過去式。public place應(yīng)該改為public places。collapse后面無需suddenly，語義重復(fù)。

修改版本：There have been some?high-profile cases?in recent years of the elderly who?collapsed?or suffered?accidents in public places. Some good Samaritans?helped them but ended up being?sued.

學(xué)生譯文：It’s not because people become cold-hearted, but because they really worry about that raising a helping hand will only bring them lawsuits and personal economic losses.

點評：become應(yīng)該改為have become；worry about后面不能加that從句，應(yīng)該改為worry that；economic應(yīng)該改為financial；raising a helping hand應(yīng)該改為更常見的說法giving/lending a helping hand。

修改版本：It’s not because people have become?cold-hearted,?but because they really worry that raising a helping hand?will only bring them lawsuits and personal financial losses.可數(shù)

點評：沒有ask someone something這個搭配。應(yīng)該是I asked for my friend’s advice，或者是I asked my friend for her advice。this scenario應(yīng)該改為such scenarios；"Don't ask for trouble." 需要獨立成句。

修改版本：I asked my friend for her advice for such scenarios, and her answer was to?stay away.?"Don't ask for trouble," she said.

點評：we can的can去掉。everyday應(yīng)該改為every day；but if后面應(yīng)該加從句，所以thinking carefully應(yīng)該改為you think carefully；整個句子的邏輯需要調(diào)整。 人稱的變化要非常謹慎。原句說“我們似乎每天都聽說”，使用we，表示普遍的現(xiàn)象，然后說if you think carefully，是在引發(fā)讀者的思考，后半句so后面用there be句型，表示“你我”都不應(yīng)該過于pessimistic，而學(xué)生譯文中人稱的變化邏輯混亂。

修改版本：It seems that we hear such cases every day, but if you think carefully, it’s because constant media exposure makes us feel this way, so there is no reason to be too pessimistic.

學(xué)生譯文：You can say that my friend's advice can help you stay clear of trouble in the short term, but in the long term, it would do potential harm to the whole society and victimize everyone in the end.

點評：第一個can改為may。it would do應(yīng)該改為it does，因為這種做法現(xiàn)在就正在對社會造成危害，而且還將繼續(xù)造成。the whole society應(yīng)該改為society as a whole，更為常用；victimize?everyone應(yīng)該改為everyone will be victimized，因為前者的主語是advice，不符合實際。實際上，如果每個人都這么做，才會讓每個人都變成受害者，用被動語態(tài)施動者可以不出現(xiàn)。

修改版本：You may say that my friend's advice can help you?stay clear of trouble?in the short term, but in the long term, it does potential harm to society as a whole and?everyone will be victimized in the end.

■spiritual

這個形容詞同中文“精神方面的”不完全相等，比較接近于宗教上的含義。因此，“精神文明”譯成spiritual civilization就不大妥當，可以采取了幾個“拐彎”的譯法，如：cultural and ideological progress; culture and ideology; culture and ethics，但是同“物質(zhì)文明”并列使用時，還是只好勉強用spiritual civilization（也有人認為civilization是個整體，不可以分成兩類，因而主張用spiritual aspect of civilization）。“精神準備”是mental(*spiritual) preparedness?！?b>精神生活”是cultural(intellectual) life。“精神世界”是inner(mental) world。“精神鼓勵”是moral encouragement。“精神產(chǎn)品”是intellectual product。法律上的“精神損失賠償”是emotional damages

need

Don't say 'a/the need of sth', say?a/the need for sth:

?I cannot see the need of a new?supermarket.I?cannot see the need for a new supermarket.

Don't say 'in need for sth', say?in?need of sth:

?This town is in need for a new?supermarket.This town is in need of a new?supermarket.

學(xué)生譯文：The most fundamental function teachers have is passing on knowledge, which could be replaced by computer, or aided by computer.

點評：說老師的function，不如用role。fundamental最好是改為basic，因為fundamental有一個意思是more important than anything else。這篇文章顯然不是把pass on knowledge作為老師最重要的職能，而是最基本、最基礎(chǔ)的職能。后半部分進行一個合并，computer改為computers。

修改版本：The most basic role of teachers is?pass on knowledge, which could be replaced or?aided?by computers.

7.Jaime Escalante?was a Bolivian high school teacher known for his ability to?turn out high-achieving?calculus students from a poor?Hispanic?neighborhood in East Los Angeles.

解析：

turn out

5.PHRASAL VERB短語動詞生產(chǎn);制造If a business or other organization?turns out?something, it produces it.

【語法信息】：V P n (not pron)

【語法信息】：Also V n P

.?They have been turning out great blades for 400 years.他們生產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)刀片已經(jīng)有400年歷史了。

學(xué)生譯文：Jamie Escalante?is a high school teacher from Bolivia,?turns out?to be famous because he helped his students, who are from a poverty-stricken?Hispanic?residential community in East Los Angeles, get?high-achieving?scores of Calculus.

點評：整體表達比較啰嗦，共用36 words，原句為27 words。首先，整個時態(tài)應(yīng)該使用過去式。turn out在句中的意思是“大量培養(yǎng)”，使用有誤。黏連句的情況依然嚴重。?residential community應(yīng)該改為neighborhood。

修改版本：Jamie Escalante, a high school teacher from Bolivia, was famous because he helped his students from a poor Hispanic?neighborhood in East Los Angeles get?high?scores in calculus.

9. But he?turned things around?by offering?AP Calculus classes?to a few students who would listen to him and?managed?to help those poor kids get into?prestigious?universities like Yale and Columbia.

學(xué)生譯文：His classroom is playing rock music at full blast, remote-controlled toys and Magic all bring into play.

點評：時態(tài)應(yīng)該用過去式。不要用classroom做主語。魔術(shù)不能直接用magic，而應(yīng)該改為magic tricks，也就是魔術(shù)小把戲；bring into play應(yīng)該改為were brought into play。

修改版本：In his classroom, rock’n’roll records played at full blast, remote-controlled toys and magic tricks were all brought into play.

worst

UK[w?:st]US[w?:st]nounonly singular

at your worst

■less active or intelligent than you are at other times狀態(tài)最差

■showing the most unpleasant side of someone's character表現(xiàn)出最壞的品質(zhì)，顯出最丑陋的一面

?This problem over late payment has shown him at his?worst.這次拖延付款的問題使他原形畢露。

學(xué)生譯文：Teachers make students laugh, encourage their academic passion, and make them keep faith in the future.

點評：make應(yīng)該改為help；future在句中是一個可數(shù)名詞，表示前途，所以in the future應(yīng)該改為in their futures。

修改版本：Teachers make students laugh, encourage their?academic passion, and help them?keep faith?in their futures.

http://apply.csc.edu.cn/csc/main/person/login/index.jsf

3.at best

even when considered in the most positive way

?The food was bland at best, and at worst completely inedible.

4.at?its?best

at the highest standard that can be achieved

?The documentary was an example of?investigative journalism at its best.

13. 不以金錢作為這種行為的衡量標準，他們的貢獻對己對人都似乎更加無價。(measurement, invaluable)

13.Without money as a?measurement?for such deeds, their contributions seem to be more?invaluable?both to them and to others.

13. Not using money as measurement for this behavior seems to make their contribution more invaluable to others and to themselves.

13翻譯先挑出中文的主句，再把別的亂七八糟成分添上去 。這里主句是后半句“貢獻更加無價”，前半句是個狀語不是主語

3.except

也可以用作并列連詞，相當于but，但是意思往往表示前一句的內(nèi)容遇到障礙或限制（有點像“夕陽無限好，只是近黃昏”中的“只是”，此時后一句的語氣沒有用but那樣重 ），例如：I like this car very much, except I don't have enough money. 這輛車我很喜歡，只是我的錢不夠。

4.except與except for的區(qū)別是：except是同類事物中除去例外；except for是大范圍中除去小類事物作為例外?！纠纭縀verybody was invited except me. 除了我，人人都獲得了邀請（me屬于everybody之中）。/ Except for one old lady, the bus was empty. 除了有一位老太太之外，公共汽車是空的（bus是大范圍，one old lady是小類事物）。/ The wooden part, black except for a few scattered electric carbon arc lights, came into view. 木質(zhì)部分，除了有一些零星的電碳弧燈，一片漆黑，此時進入了視線。/ The classroom was silent, except for the busy scratching of pens on paper. 課堂很安靜，只有筆在紙上忙碌劃擦的聲音。/ The office will be empty over Christmas except for the boss and me. 圣誕節(jié)期間辦公室沒人，只剩下頭頭和我。/ Except for emergencies I have found it easier not to expect any help from my children. 除非遇到緊急情況，我已經(jīng)認識到，不期待我的孩子們來幫忙，就更加方便一些。

通常，一個問題解決之時，另一個問題就出現(xiàn)了。(the ultimate solution, the moment)

13.If we think technology isthe ultimate solution, that is na?ve. More often than not,the momentone problem is solved, another problem appears.

Coke 可樂

hamburger是牛肉漢堡，cheeseburger?

除了套餐還要外加一個中薯條
and an extra?medium-sized French fries?in addition to the combo.

2. 這一切都是從點餐開始的。當時我正在一個外國人身后排隊，他說著結(jié)結(jié)巴巴的中文，似乎很難點他想要的東西，所以我主動提出幫助。(ordering, line up, have a hard time, broken Chinese)

2.It all started with the?ordering. I was?lining up?behind a foreigner who seemed to be?having a hard time?getting what he wanted with his?broken Chinese, so I offered to help.

2. It all started with?ordering. At that time, I waslining up?behind a foreigner who was speaking broken Chinese and seemed tohave a hard time?getting what he wanted, so I offered to help.

外刊例句：

They’ve talked ?about using AI to distinguish between constructive and unconstructive ?comments; one possibility is that by tweaking the code in things, you can ?have a sea change in?the way society ?works. (The Guardian)

他們談?wù)摿巳绻褂肁I來分辨建議有無建設(shè)性，其中一個可能方案就是通過修改代碼來給社會的運行模式帶來巨變。

可供替換的表達：the way society functions

學(xué)生錯誤表達：

（1）society ? runs

點評：“社會運轉(zhuǎn)”不能寫成society runs，因為當run取“運轉(zhuǎn)”含義時是及物動詞，我們可以說He runs a company.但不能說The company runs.

輸入關(guān)鍵詞：

type in a keyword,plug in ,enter ;search by keywords

■a set of classes or a plan of study on a particular? subject, usually resulting in an examination or qualification課程；教程

?Timdida three-yearcourseinlinguistics at Newcastle.蒂姆在紐卡斯爾大學(xué)修讀了為期三年的語言學(xué)課程。

?They're going awayona trainingcoursenext ? week.下星期他們要出去上實習(xí)課。

?I'd like to UKdo/ UStakea writingcoursewhen I retire.退休后我想修讀一門寫作課。

Common ? Learner?ErrorscourseThe correct preposition to use before course is ? on. Don't say 'to/at/in a course', say on a course :

?In this course you will learn how to manage ? your time.On this course you will ? learn how to manage your time.

（1）high-profile titles

點評：high-profile一般用于修飾人，比如a high-profile politician ? / public figure / company，不可以用來修飾titles

2- the fashion industry

“the fashion industry”是“時尚行業(yè)、時尚界”的固定表達。

2.產(chǎn)生更好以及長久的效果produces better and long-lasting results:

? long-lasting continuing for a long time – used?especially about effects or relationships:Stress can have long-lasting effects. | While at the school, she made many long-lasting friendships.

? lasting [only before noun] strong enough or great enough to continue for a long time: ?Few observers believe that the treaty will bring a lasting peace to the region.沒有幾個觀察家認為該條約會給該地區(qū)帶來持久的和平。

?Did any of your teachers make a lasting impression on you?有沒有哪位老師給你留下了深刻的印象？

passive mode of learning?

2.認知能力cognitive skills:

? Alcohol can impactcognitive and motor skillsseverely.

? He had poor?social skills?and often offended people.

? He is a negotiator of considerable skill.

broaden, hone, improve, increase, master, sharpen, upgrade

拓寬技能；磨練技巧；提高技藝；掌握技術(shù):helping children to master the skills necessary to live in our society 幫助孩子們掌握在社會上生存必需的技能She attends regular training weekends to sharpen her skills. 她周末定期上培訓(xùn)班提高自己的技能。refresh, update更新技能

4.區(qū)分事實與偽事實fact from fiction:

countable or uncountable

■a false report or statement which you pretend is true 虛構(gòu)的事；謊言

?[+ that] At work she kept up the fiction that she had a university degree.工作時，她一直謊稱自己有大學(xué)學(xué)歷。

?When he's telling you something, you never know what's fact and what's fiction.他向你敘事時，你永遠都不知道哪些是事實，哪些是杜撰的。

其它:。[搭配]PHRASESfact and fiction

真實和虛構(gòu):Fact and fiction became all jumbled up in his report of the robbery. 在他對這次搶劫的供述里 ，分不清哪句是真，哪句是假。

motion sickness

?motion ?sicknessnoun[uncountable]especially American

English

a feeling of illness that some people get when travelling by car, boat, plane etc

SYNtravel sickness,carsickness, seasicknessBritish English

Q：請問老師，“workplace”是可數(shù)名詞，這里為什么不用復(fù)數(shù)呢？是用“the workplace”寬泛指代工作崗位

A：the workplace是一個固定說法，表示“工作場所”，這個用法可以記起來。

the workplace?? in general for referring to places where people work

discrimination ?in the workplace

elective 用作“選修的”（如 an elective subject）或“選修課程”（名詞）解是美國英語，相當于英國的 optional 和?optional subject。

Students may have a relatively limited?attention span（1.注意力持續(xù)時間）, and their minds are likely to?drift off（2.轉(zhuǎn)移）to other things duringlong lectures（3.長時間的課程）. Even students who?remain awake and alert（4.保持清醒）during lectures may spend more of their energy?scrambling to take notes（5.匆忙記筆記）.

remain awake and alert

Q：請問they are distracted to other places可以表示注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到其他地方的意思嗎？

A：寫成they are distracted就可以了，to ? other places是中式表達。

5.PHRASE短語迄今;到目前為止To date?means up? until the present time.

【搭配模式】：PHR with cl

?'Dottie' is by far his best novel todate...《多蒂》是他迄今為止最好的小說。

?She is without question the craziest person I've met todate...她無疑是我到目前為止所遇到的最瘋狂之人。

?To date we have spent eight thousand pounds between ? us.迄今我們總共已經(jīng)花掉了8,000英鎊。

學(xué)生錯誤表達：

（1）overall progress until now

點評：until now含義是“直到……為止”，后面暗示著情況會發(fā)生變化，如果情況沒有變化，要使用so far.

1.……的一個重要作用One of the important functions of:

2.為學(xué)生走向社會和工作崗位的平穩(wěn)過渡做好準備prepare students for a smooth transition into society and the workplace:

不符合中國人心理習(xí)慣的，是prepare作為及物動詞，以人作為賓語，而且后面通常加上for something。中文的“準備”無論如何不能以人當作賓語，遇到這樣的英文，有時候譯成中文也有點別扭。例如：Our teacher is preparing us for the exam要繞個彎譯成“我們老師正在幫助我們準備考試”甚至“我們老師正在督促我們準備考試”。作為及物動詞的prepare還可以有反身代詞?！纠纭縄've been preparing myself for the interview. 我一直在準備面試。/ The doctor had told him to prepare himself for surgery. 醫(yī)生已經(jīng)叫他準備動手術(shù)。Prepare somebody for something中的something往往有“突如其來的不利事件”的意思，所以這里的prepare就有“給某人打個底子，做好精神準備，以免一下子打擊太大”的含義?！纠纭縋repare yourself for a shock. 做好大吃一驚的精神準備。/ Problems sometimes arise for mothers who have suddenly taken on full-time work without preparing their children. 有些做母親的，事先沒有給孩子做好思想準備，就干起全天的工作，這樣的母親，有時候會遇到難題。/ The children have been well prepared for their father's death. 孩子們對于父親的去世，已經(jīng)早有思想準備。有時候加上一個mentally來修飾prepare，但是沒有mentally其實也是指“思想準備”。

3.學(xué)生課堂的參與和互動student participation and interaction:

? Some of the magic trickscalled for audience participation.

? Teachers were asked to solicitstudent participation.

?direct participation in the running of the country 直接參與國家建設(shè)

? the decline in voting and civic participation 投票人數(shù)和公民參與度的下降

4.培養(yǎng)foster:

其它:

:The negotiators hoped toeffect a smooth transitionto an interim administration. 談判人員希望促成向臨時政府的平穩(wěn)過渡。

complete, make

完成改變； 作出轉(zhuǎn)變:The company was slow tomake the transition from paper to computer.公司由紙張辦公過渡到計算機辦公的轉(zhuǎn)變遲緩。undergo 經(jīng)歷改變

mark 標志轉(zhuǎn)變:The ceremonymarks the transitionfrom the student to graduate status. 這個儀式標志著由學(xué)生到畢業(yè)生的身分轉(zhuǎn)變。

ease, smooth

使轉(zhuǎn)變輕松；使轉(zhuǎn)變順利

This training course aims tosmooth the transitionbetween education and employment這個訓(xùn)練課程的目的是實現(xiàn)從學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)到就業(yè)之間的順利轉(zhuǎn)變。

the abilities to do sth

2.

大學(xué)生已經(jīng)處于一個能夠了解自己的專業(yè)興趣，并且能夠自己做決定的年齡。因此，他們有在自己專業(yè)內(nèi)外選擇選修課的自由。

University students areat the age when（1.處于一個……的年齡）they are aware of theiracademic interests（2.專業(yè)興趣）and able tomake decisions on their own（3.自己做決定）.In light of this fact（4.因此）, it is reasonable that they should be given the freedom to takeoptional courses（5.選修課） both within and outside theirmajor area of study（6.專業(yè)）.

College students are already at an age when they learn about their self interest and can decide for themselves. Thus, they have the freedom to choose their selective courses inside or outside their majors

1.處于一個……的年齡at the age when:

2.專業(yè)興趣academic interests:

3.自己做決定make decisions on their own:

able 強調(diào)有能力

4.因此In light of this fact:

because of

? In the light of recent incidents, we are asking our customers to take particular care of their personal belongings.

5.選修課optional courses:

6.專業(yè)major area of study:

3.評估方法methods of evaluation:

continuous, regular

不間斷的評估；定期的評估:Examination is by continuous assessment. 成績以持續(xù)評估為準。

[搭配]ASSESSMENT + NOUN methods, procedures, technique

評估方法；評估程序；評估技巧

criteria 評估標準

是評估方法，不是評估結(jié)果。

assesement 復(fù)數(shù)是指評估結(jié)果。?Both their assessments of production costs were hopelessly inaccurate.他們兩者對生產(chǎn)成本所作的估算都非常不準確。

verbUK[?k?nt.s?n.tre?t]US[?kɑ?nt-]

COME

TOGETHER聚集

[T usually passive or I] [usually + adv/prep]

■to bring or come together in a large number or amount in one particular area集中；聚集；匯集；集結(jié)

?Most of the country's population is concentrated in the north.該國的大部分人口都集中在北部。

?In the dry season, the animals tend to concentrate in the areas where there is water.在干旱的季節(jié)，動物常常聚集在有水的地區(qū)。

3.阻礙學(xué)生……deny students access to:

deny可以有直接和間接賓語?？梢詃eny + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語，也可以deny + 直接賓語 + to + 間接賓語。意思是“拒絕給予某人以某物”?！纠纭縃e denies his son nothing (He denies nothing to his son). 他對兒子是有求必應(yīng)。/ The government exploited their labour while denying them social equality. 政府剝削他們的勞動，同時又不給他們社會平等地位。/He has also denied you access to some information.他還拒絕了讓你接觸某些信息。/ The governor has denied clemency to the gang leader. 州長拒絕了寬恕那個團伙頭目。既然是“拒絕”，也就有了否定的意義（此時deny就轉(zhuǎn)為表示狀態(tài)的延續(xù)動詞，即第一類動詞）?！纠纭縏he windows (of the car) were coated with dark plastic, which denied the casual onlooker（間接賓語）the sight（直接賓語）of the people inside. 車子的窗蒙上了暗色的塑料膜，路人偶然張望也看不見車里的人。

[d?'na?] verb transitive

REFUSE 拒絕

IMPROVER

■to not allow someone to have or do something 不允許；剝奪；拒絕

?Her request for time off workwas denied.她的休假請求未獲得批準。

?No one should be denieda good education./A good education should be denied to no one.任何人都不能被剝奪接受良好教育的權(quán)利。

?[+ two objects] The goalkeeper denied him his third goal.守門員粉碎了他攻入第三球的希望。

?I was denied the opportunityof learning French at school.我上學(xué)時沒有機會學(xué)習(xí)法語。

其它:it would be unfair， were based on wealth rather than merit, 虛擬

可以接受高等教育，也就是有渠道去。。。其他，醫(yī)保，戶籍等等公共福利制度同樣可以用Access

1.作為形容詞，組成to be subject to時，有“遭受”、“蒙受”的意義，但又可以分為三個略微不同的含義。

第一個是事實上業(yè)已“遭受”、“蒙受”?！纠纭縃ere you'll besubjectto outside noises. 你在這里將會受到外界噪音的干擾。/ Each parent is allowed to give a child up to $12,000 a year before it issubjectto gift tax. (US News & World Report, Dec. 24, 2007, p. 55) 父母每人可以一年贈與一個兒女一萬二千美元而不用繳納饋贈稅。

第二個是“（按照規(guī)定）必須經(jīng)過（某一環(huán)節(jié)或程序）（但尚未經(jīng)過，結(jié)果也未知）”?！纠纭縏he project issubjectto the director's approval. 方案有待所長批準。

第三個是“（按照規(guī)定）有可能被施加（某一措施）（但尚未施加，也可能實際上不施加，這個程序不是肯定一律必須實施的）”?！纠纭緼ll letters are subject to editing for length, style and fairness. （報紙的“讀者來信”處理辦法有這么一項）所有來信都可能經(jīng)過編輯整理，做到長度適當、文筆通順、待遇公平（有些信件就可能一字不易照登）。/ All hand baggage issubjectto search. 所有手提行李都可以受到檢查（實際上只是抽查一部分）。/ Before that "special counsels"—who were selected by, answerable to, andsubjectto being fired or financially hamstrung by the attorney general—were the norm. (The Atlantic Monthly, Nov. 2005, p. 44)在此之前，慣例是任命一些“特別稽查員”，他們是由司法部長挑選、對他負責、可以被他所解職或是被他在經(jīng)費上卡住的（subject to只是“可以解職”，不是“一定解職”）。參見carry條。

2.作為名詞，subject很常用的一個詞義，就是“題目”、“主題”，但是意義擴大，就可以表示“談?wù)摰膶ο蟆?，再進一步擴大，就可以是某一行動的“對象”，接近它的對立面object，結(jié)果subject和object就合流了。【例如】His behavior is a subject of much controversy. 他的行為招到很多爭議。其他一些語言，在這個場合就用相當于object的名詞。但是英文也常常用object而不用subject來表示“對象”，尤其是內(nèi)心情緒的對象?！纠纭縃e was now theobjectof all their rage and frustration. 他現(xiàn)在成了他們一股腦兒發(fā)怒和懊惱的對象。/ This is theobjectof his obsession. 這是他入迷的對象。

de?mand

1.[C]~ (for sth / that...)a very firm request for sth; sth that sb needs

?(堅決的)要求；所需之物:

?a demand for higher pay

增加工資的要求

?demands that the law on gun ownership should be changed

要求修改槍械持有法的呼聲

?firms attempting tomeet / satisfytheir customers'demands(= to give them what they are

asking for)

盡力滿足客戶要求的商行

2. demands[pl.]~ (of sth)|~ (on sb)things that sb / sth makes you do, especially things that are difficult, make you tired, worried, etc.

? (尤指困難、使人勞累、令人煩惱等的)要求:

?the demands of children / work

孩子煩人的事；工作中累人的事

?Flying makes enormous demands on pilots.

駕駛飛機對飛行員要求很高。

3.[U, C]~

(for sth / sb)the desire or need of customers for goods or services which they want to buy or use

?(顧客的)需求,需要:

?to meet the demand for a

product

滿足對某產(chǎn)品的需求

?There's an increased demand for organic produce these days.

目前對有機農(nóng)產(chǎn)品有更大的需求。

?Demand is exceeding supply.

供不應(yīng)求。

依舊存在[搭配]ADV.ever

一直存在:the ever present risk of?pollution一直存在的污染造成的危險

1.修飾人或有生物時，用to/ He is highly susceptible to flights of fancy. 他容易胡思亂想。/ ... these professionals seemed less susceptible to herd behavior. (Newsweek, Oct. 15, p. 45) …這些專業(yè)人員看來不那么容易受到人群起哄的影響。

2.修飾事物時，用of?！纠纭縏he argument is susceptible of serious misunderstanding.這個論據(jù)容易被人嚴重誤解。/ These facts are not susceptible of proof. 這些事實是無法證明的。

UK['g??.??]US['go?-]adjective[after noun]

■available or existing可得到的；現(xiàn)有的；現(xiàn)行的

?I wouldn't trust him if I were you - he's the biggest crookgoing(= he's the most dishonest person that exists).如果我是你就不會相信他——他是當今世上最大的騙子。

?I don't suppose there's any left-over pie going, is there?我想派餅一點也沒有剩下吧，是不是？

?fact of ?life noun (plural facts of life) [countable]

1.an unpleasant situation that exists and that must be accepted:

Mass unemployment seems to be a fact of life nowadays.

Persuading others to accept the hard financial facts of life is not a very popular job.

2.the facts of life the details about sex and how babies are born:

Mum told me the facts of life when I was twelve.

Segregating students into different schools?before they are fully mature is very unfair.

1. to separate one group of people from others, especially because they are of a different race, sex, or religion

OPPintegrate

segregate somebody from?somebody

Blacks were segregated from whites in?schools.

2. to separate one part of a place or thing from another

segregate something from/into?something

The coffee room had been segregated?into smoking and non-smoking areas.

網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程一直被指責膚淺，和正規(guī)大學(xué)體驗相比只是劣質(zhì)的替代品。

Online courses have been?condemned as?shallow and?a poor substitute for?a?proper?university experience, with critics pointing out that staring at a computer screen can hardly compare to vibrant campus life or lively lecture hall debates.

con?demn

1.[VN]~ sb / sth (for / as sth)to express very strong disapproval of sb / sth, usually for moral reasons? (通常因道義上的原因而)譴責,指責:

?The?government issued a statement condemning the killings.

政府發(fā)表聲明譴責這些兇殺事件。

?The editor of the newspaper was condemned as lacking?integrity.

這家報紙的編輯被指責為不夠正直。

2.[only before noun](BrE,informal) that you consider to be real and of a good enough standard

?真正的；像樣的；名副其實的:

?Eat some proper food, not?just toast and jam!

吃點正常的食物,別凈吃烤麪包加果醬！

?When are you going to get a proper job?

你想什么時候去找一份正經(jīng)的工作呀？