產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈
一1、微笑曲線的現(xiàn)實意義： 微笑嘴型的一條曲線,兩端朝上，在產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈中，附加值更多體現(xiàn)在兩端，設(shè)計和銷售，處于中間環(huán)節(jié)的制造附加值最低。
微笑曲線中間是制造；左邊是研發(fā)，屬于全球性的競爭；右邊是營銷，主要是當(dāng)?shù)匦缘母偁帯?/p>
為什么：
當(dāng)前制造產(chǎn)生的利潤低，全球制造也已供過于求，但是研發(fā)與營銷的附加價值高，因此產(chǎn)業(yè)未來應(yīng)朝微笑曲線的兩端發(fā)展，也就是在左邊加強研展創(chuàng)造智慧財產(chǎn)權(quán)，在右邊加強客戶導(dǎo)向的營銷與服務(wù)。
改變：由于兩端利潤較高，更多的導(dǎo)致加工制造業(yè)向兩端發(fā)展，加強企業(yè)創(chuàng)新研發(fā)，提高企業(yè)創(chuàng)新能力
相關(guān)英文文章industrial chain
Copyright ? 2013 Zhilie Fang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unre- stricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract: We make an overview of development of semiconductor lighting industrial chain. And the characteristic and content of each industrial chain are recounted, and the development direction and scale are discussed. Keywords: Light Emitting
Diode (LED); Semiconductor Lighting; Semiconductor Lighting Industrial Chain
development 發(fā)展
英文鏈接
image.hanspub.org:8080/pdf/CMP20130300000_25866728.pdf
供應(yīng)鏈
1、問題： 那些依靠供應(yīng)商提供商品或服務(wù)的公司總是面臨著由此而帶來的財務(wù)風(fēng)險。在經(jīng)濟環(huán)境艱難的時候，總有一些供應(yīng)商要走向破產(chǎn)，在他們無力償還債務(wù)的同時，金融機構(gòu)又拒絕為他們提供每日運營所需的短期貸款。當(dāng)企業(yè)走到快要山窮水盡的時候，他們會被迫不惜以降低產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和延長交付時間為代價來削減成本，而當(dāng)企業(yè)這樣做的時候，破產(chǎn)也就離他們不遠(yuǎn)了。
解決：
：首先，確定要特別關(guān)注哪些供應(yīng)商；其次，分析這些供應(yīng)商的財務(wù)健康狀況；第三，將問題消滅在萌芽階段；第四，創(chuàng)造一個內(nèi)部組織，致力于令危機實現(xiàn)最小化。
2、創(chuàng)新：? 山東青島的紅領(lǐng)集團用了十多年的時間，以3000人工廠作為試驗室，對傳統(tǒng)服裝制造業(yè)升級進(jìn)行了艱苦的探索與實踐，探索出以3D打印模式產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈為代表的“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)工業(yè)”的新模式，為中國傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級提供一種新的思路和路徑
3、supply chain的相關(guān)英文文章
In commerce, supply chain management (SCM), the management of the flow of goods and services,[2] involves the movement and storage of raw materials, of work-in-process inventory, and of finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption. Interconnected or interlinked networks, channels and node businesses combine in the provision of products and services required by end customers in a supply chain.[3] Supply-chain management has been defined [4] as the "design, planning, execution, control, and monitoring of supply chain activities with the objective of creating net value, building a competitive infrastructure, leveraging worldwide logistics, synchronizing supply with demand and measuring performance globally."[5] SCM practice draws heavily from the areas of industrial engineering, systems engineering, operations management, logistics, procurement, information technology, and marketing [6] and strives for an integrated approach.[citation needed] Marketing channels play an important role in supply chain management [6] Current research in supply chain management is concerned with topics related to sustainability and risk management, among others, whereas the “people dimension” of SCM, ethical issues, internal integration, transparency/visibility, and human capital/talent management are topics that have, so far, been underrepresented on the research agenda.[7]
management 管理
relate 敘述
英文鏈接：https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain_management
