Affordable Dwelling Unit
經(jīng)濟(jì)適用住宅單位
Affordable dwelling units are those that are affordable ?to low and moderate-income families. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development considers housing affordable if costs no more than 30 percent of a household's monthly income. Using this definition，69 percent of U.S. communities are affordable . However, the Center for Neighborhood Technology expands the definition to include transportation,and uses a benchmark of 45 percent of income. Using the housing-plus-transportation definition, only 39 percent of U.S. communities are affordable .
經(jīng)濟(jì)適用住房是低收入和中等收入家庭可負(fù)擔(dān)得起的住房。美國住房和城市發(fā)展部認(rèn)為，如果居住成本不超過家庭月收入的30％，住房就可以負(fù)擔(dān)得起。以此為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，69％的美國社區(qū)是負(fù)擔(dān)得起的。然而，鄰里技術(shù)中心將此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)延伸擴(kuò)展到包括交通成本，并使用收入的45％作為基準(zhǔn)。使用居住加交通成本的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，只有39％的美國社區(qū)能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起。
Working housing is affordable housing that is targeted to middle-class and/or blue color workers such as elementary school teachers, firemen,nurses,officestaff,technicians, and so on. It is intended to fill the gap between low-income or public housing , and upper-income luxury housing. The Urban Land Institute defines workforce housing as that which is affordable to households earning 60 to 120 percent of the area median income.
工作住房是面向中產(chǎn)階級(jí)和/或藍(lán)色工人負(fù)擔(dān)得起的經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房，如小學(xué)教師，消防員，護(hù)士，辦公室職員，技術(shù)人員等。它旨在填補(bǔ)低收入/公共住房與高收入豪華住房之間的空擋。城市土地研究所將勞動(dòng)力住房定義為那些收入占該地區(qū)收入中位數(shù)的60%至120%的家庭能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起的住房。
For neighborhood planning,10 to 15 percent of the housing stock should qualify as affordable . Affordable ?housing must be technically identical to other housing and be interspersed amount the other market segments in order to avoid opprobrium. The building types accommodating affordable housing generally are apartments, rowhouses, cottages, and accessory dwellings. To encourage the provision of affordable ?housing units, some jurisdictions grant permission to develop at a higher density than is allowed ordinarily.
對(duì)于社區(qū)規(guī)劃來說，10％至15％的住宅量應(yīng)該用于經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房。經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房在質(zhì)量上必須與其他住房相同，同時(shí)，為了避免歧視，要與其他商品房相互穿插。經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房適合的建筑類型通常是公寓，排屋，別墅和附屬住宅。為了鼓勵(lì)開發(fā)經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房，有些管轄區(qū)允許以比通常允許的更高的密度進(jìn)行開發(fā)。
