ubuntu 18.04環(huán)境安裝ssh、Samba

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安裝SSH
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安裝設(shè)置步驟：

安裝openssh-server： apt-get install openssh-server
查看ssh的安裝包 ：rpm -qa | grep ssh
查看ssh是否安裝成功 ：ps -ef | grep ssh
開啟sshd服務(wù) ：service sshd start
開啟sshd服務(wù) ：/bin/systemctl start sshd.service
查看sshd服務(wù)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接情況：netstat -ntlp

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安裝Samba：
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在終端中執(zhí)行下列指令：cat /etc/issue查看當(dāng)前正在運(yùn)行的 Ubuntu 的版本號(hào)。

安裝配置步驟：
(1)更新當(dāng)前軟件。

sudo apt-get upgrade 
sudo apt-get update 
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

(2)安裝samba服務(wù)器。

sudo apt-get install samba samba-common

(3)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)用于分享的samba目錄。

sudo mkdir /home/imhqq/share

(4)給創(chuàng)建的這個(gè)目錄設(shè)置權(quán)限

sudo chmod 777 /home/imhqq/share

(5)添加用戶(下面的imhqq是我的用戶名，之后會(huì)需要設(shè)置samba的密碼)。

sudo smbpasswd -a imhqq

(6)配置samba的配置文件。

sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf

在配置文件smb.conf的最后添加下面的內(nèi)容：

[share]
   comment = share folder
   browseable = yes
   path = /home/imhqq/share
   create mask = 0700
   directory mask = 0700
   valid users = imhqq
   force user = imhqq
   force group = imhqq
   public = yes
   available = yes
   writable = yes

在上面valid users = imhqq

(7)重啟samba服務(wù)器。

sudo service smbd restart

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更新apt-get源：
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1、sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
2、替換

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

update是更新軟件列表，upgrade是更新軟件

3、更新軟件列表

sudo apt-get update

4、更新軟件包

sudo apt-get upgrade

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安裝GUI
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sudo apt-get install gdm3

關(guān)閉GUI

sudo service gdm3 stop

或者

sudo apt-get install tasksel -y
tasksel
選擇ubuntu desktop
回車

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上面的Ok，可以參考使用?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?！
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配置固定IP：

apt-get install vim
vim /etc/network/interfaces

添加：

auto ens33
iface ens33 inet static
address 192.168.1.107
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1

service networking restart
需要重啟ubuntu才能生效。

配置靜態(tài)IP后，ubuntu 18.04不能上網(wǎng)：
ping: www.baidu.com: Name or service not known

vi /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml

# Let NetworkManager manage all devices on this system
network:
  ethernets:
      ens33:
         addresses: [192.168.1.107/24]
         gateway4: 192.168.1.1
         dhcp4: no
         nameservers:
          addresses: [8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4,112.4.0.55,221.131.143.69]
          search: [localdomain]
  version: 2
  renderer: NetworkManager

然后使用以下命令使配置即時(shí)生效，

netplan apply

注意：
1、配置文件里在冒號(hào)：號(hào)出現(xiàn)的后面一定要空一格，不空格則在運(yùn)行netplan apply時(shí)提示出錯(cuò)。
2.關(guān)鍵之關(guān)鍵是看清配置總共分為五個(gè)層次，逐層向后至少空一格。
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如上配置靜態(tài)IP后，ubuntu 18.04還不能上網(wǎng)，錯(cuò)誤提示如下：
ping: www.baidu.com: Name or service not known

在命令行輸入sudo vi /etc/systemd/resolved.conf 修改改文件，如下所示：

[Resolve]
DNS=8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 112.4.0.55 221.131.143.69
#FallbackDNS=
#Domains=
#LLMNR=no
#MulticastDNS=no
#DNSSEC=no
#Cache=yes
#DNSStubListener=yes
~

重啟ubuntu，問題解決：

PING www.a.shifen.com (183.232.231.174) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 183.232.231.174 (183.232.231.174): icmp_seq=1 ttl=56 time=35.6 ms
64 bytes from 183.232.231.174 (183.232.231.174): icmp_seq=2 ttl=56 time=35.0 ms
64 bytes from 183.232.231.174 (183.232.231.174): icmp_seq=3 ttl=56 time=35.5 ms
64 bytes from 183.232.231.174 (183.232.231.174): icmp_seq=4 ttl=56 time=36.1 ms