Android單元測試

創(chuàng)建android studio工程，在app目錄下的build.gradle中加入JUnit4的依賴。

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:24.0.0-beta1'
}

創(chuàng)建Unit Test

創(chuàng)建測試類Tools

public class Tools {
    public double sum(double a ,double b){
        return 0;
    }

    public double abs(double value){
        return 0;
    }
}

在待測試的類(Tools)代碼編輯器內(nèi)，右鍵選擇Go to -> Test
或者使用快捷鍵Ctrl + Shift + T，Create New Test 。
Testing library選擇JUnit4
Generate選擇setUp/@Before
Destionation package選擇生成的測試類的包路徑
如下圖：

1.PNG

創(chuàng)建成功后會在app/src/test/java/me/peace/junit下生成測試類(me/peace/junit即Destionation package)
一般與javas相關(guān)的單元測試選擇test/java目錄，與android相關(guān)的選擇androidTest/java，若缺少這兩個目錄請自行創(chuàng)建

2.PNG

在這個測試類中加入具體的測試內(nèi)容

public class ToolsTest {
    private Tools mTools;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        mTools = new Tools();
        System.out.println("Before - setUp");
    }

    @Test
    public void testSum() throws Exception {
        assertEquals(48d,mTools.sum(46d,2d),0);
        System.out.println("Test - testSum");
    }

    @Test
    public void testAbs() throws Exception {
        assertEquals(46,mTools.abs(-46),0);
        System.out.println("Test - testAbs");
    }
}

實(shí)現(xiàn)Tools類

public class Tools {
    public double sum(double a ,double b){
        return a + b;
    }

    public double abs(double value){
        return Math.abs(value);
    }
}

Run Test Unit

右鍵ToolsTest類，選擇Run->ToolsTest
測試結(jié)果：

3.PNG

補(bǔ)充

Generate選擇setUp/@Before和tearDown/@After
其運(yùn)行順序是setUp->測試的方法->tearDown(即Before->Test->After，且每個Test方法都會去執(zhí)行一次setUp和tearDown方法)
測試結(jié)果：

4.PNG

使用Espresso進(jìn)行Instrumentaion Test

在build.gradle中配置Espresso,在defaultConfig中添加

testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"

在dependencies中添加

androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.5'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:rules:0.5'
androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2'

完整的內(nèi)容

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 24
    buildToolsVersion "24.0.2"

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "me.peace.espressostudy"
        minSdkVersion 15
        targetSdkVersion 24
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:24.0.0-beta1'
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support:support-annotations:24.0.0-beta1'
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.5'
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:rules:0.5'
    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2'
}

編輯layout的布局文件,效果如圖

5.PNG

在MainActivity中加入如下代碼

 //按鈕點(diǎn)擊事件處理
 public void print(View v){
     TextView textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textview);
     EditText editText = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.edittext);
     textView.setText("message => " + editText.getText().toString().trim());
 }

在androidTest/java目錄下創(chuàng)建MainActivityTest并且添加如下代碼

import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.closeSoftKeyboard;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.typeText;
import static android.support.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withText;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@LargeTest
public class MainActivityTest{
    private String mExpectedString = "Hello";

    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule = new ActivityTestRule(MainActivity.class);

    @Test
    public void print(){
        onView(withId(R.id.edittext)).perform(typeText(mExpectedString),closeSoftKeyboard());
        onView(withText(R.string.print)).perform(click());
        onView(withId(R.id.textview)).check(matches(withText("message => " + mExpectedString)));
    }
}

選擇MainActivityTest，右鍵Run 'MainActivityTest'
手機(jī)屏幕就會看到被執(zhí)行的動作，最后會看到as上輸出測試結(jié)果。

6.PNG

https://google.github.io/android-testing-support-library/docs/espresso/setup/index.html

Addition

https://github.com/peace710/AgeraCore