1. 認識這個詞(基礎(chǔ)篇)
詞:generic
英英釋義:shared by, typical of or relating to a whole group of similar things, rather than to any particular thing
例句:This is a generic software, suitable for all operating systems.
2. 體會這個詞 (進階篇)
“generic”是個形容詞,它的基本意思是“一般的”“通用的”,是 specific 的反義詞,口語和寫作中都能用得到。比如當我們想表示“通病”“統(tǒng)稱”時就可以用到它,在一些語境中,generic 也可以替換 general/common/universal 等詞,增強表達多樣性。我們通過幾個例子學習 generic 的用法。
比如有一個軟件,在各種操作系統(tǒng)上都能通用,我們就可以說:
This is a generic software, suitable for all operating systems.
保溫杯品牌“膳魔師”(Thermos)在英語中已經(jīng)成為了“保溫杯”的代名詞,即使不是膳魔師牌的保溫杯也可以稱為 thermos。我們因此可以說:
“Thermos” is often used as a generic term for all vacuum flasks.
再比如你寫了一份可以通用的簡歷,投了許多公司,這樣的通用簡歷一般不會引起雇主的興趣而遭到拒絕。我們可以說:
If your resumé comes across as generic and mediocre, chances are it will be rejected.
最后看幾個《經(jīng)濟學人》中用到 generic 的例子:
1)Google and Facebook protect personal privacy, but they also make money by selling generic information to advertisers.(這里的 generic information 指的是一些不涉及個人隱私的信息,比如你的 IP 地址一類)
2)Successful contestants often offer a vague, generic Euro-music, a living metaphor for the EU's homogeneous mush. (這篇來自《經(jīng)濟學人》對歐洲歌唱大賽 Eurovision 的報道,這里的 generic Euro-music 可以理解為最普遍、耳熟能詳?shù)臍W洲歌曲)
3)Politicians get around this problem by making their promises very generic—tax cuts will go to hard-working families, public spending will be reduced through cutting waste and the like.(這里的 generic 值得是許多政客承諾做的事情都是老生常談的那些問題)
3. 從認識到會用(作業(yè))
1)翻譯下面的句子: 據(jù)說這一新系列的筆記本電腦有一個通病,就是風扇有問題。
(參考翻譯:The new series of laptops are said to have a generic problem with their fans.)
2)結(jié)合自己的生活、學習、工作、興趣等,想象在什么語境下會用到這個表達。先簡要描述這個場景,再造句。
The majority of parents expect the generic test papers are used at the entrance examination.