1.SpringBoot 持久化支持(MyBatis)
1.1 XML版本
1.1.1 步驟分析
- 新建maven project;
- 在pom.xml中引入相關(guān)依賴
- (1)基本依賴,jdk版本號(hào);
- (2)mysql驅(qū)動(dòng),mybatis依賴包,mysql分頁P(yáng)ageHelper:
- 創(chuàng)建啟動(dòng)類App.java
- 在application.properties添加配置文件;
- 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫和表
- 編寫domain的測(cè)試類User;
- 編寫UserMapper;
- 編寫mybatis的xml文件
- 編寫IUserService接口和接口的實(shí)現(xiàn)類UserServiceImpl
- 編寫UserController
- 編寫測(cè)試方法,測(cè)試service層
- 啟動(dòng)項(xiàng)目,測(cè)試controller層
- 配置事務(wù)。注解式事務(wù)
- 測(cè)試事務(wù)
- 獲取自增的主鍵id
- 使用插件PageHelper分頁
1.1.2 實(shí)現(xiàn)
- 新建maven project;
- 在pom.xml中引入相關(guān)依賴
- (1)基本依賴,jdk版本號(hào)
- (2)mysql驅(qū)動(dòng),mybatis依賴包,mysql分頁P(yáng)ageHelper
<!--子模塊中配置導(dǎo)包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql 數(shù)據(jù)庫驅(qū)動(dòng). -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--
spring-boot mybatis依賴:
請(qǐng)不要使用1.0.0版本,因?yàn)檫€不支持?jǐn)r截器插件,
1.1.1 是博主寫帖子時(shí)候的版本,大家使用最新版本即可
-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--
MyBatis提供了攔截器接口,我們可以實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的攔截器,
將其作為一個(gè)plugin裝入到SqlSessionFactory中。
Github上有位開發(fā)者寫了一個(gè)分頁插件,我覺得使用起來還可以,挺方便的。
Github項(xiàng)目地址: https://github.com/pagehelper/Mybatis-PageHelper
-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
<version>4.1.0</version>
</dependency>
- 創(chuàng)建啟動(dòng)類App.java
package cn.wangningbo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("cn.wangningbo.mapper")//注意這個(gè)注解,使用mybatis掃描包的mapper包
public class App {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
}
}
- 在resources下創(chuàng)建配置文件application.yml
spring:
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
username: root
password: apy06942
mybatis:
type-aliases-package: cn.wangningbo.domain,cn.wangningbo.query
- 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫和表
- 編寫domain的測(cè)試類User;
package cn.wangningbo.domain;
public class User {
private Long id;
private String name;
//提供get方法、set方法、無參構(gòu)造方法和一個(gè)name參數(shù)的構(gòu)造方法、toString方法
}
- 編寫UserMapper;
package cn.wangningbo.mapper;
import cn.wangningbo.domain.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserMapper {
void save(User user);
List<User> loadAll();
}
- 編寫mybatis的xml文件
在resources下創(chuàng)建目錄cn/wangningbo/mapper,在此目錄下創(chuàng)建相應(yīng)的映射xml,UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--查詢-->
<mapper namespace="cn.wangningbo.mapper.UserMapper">
<insert id="save" parameterType="cn.wangningbo.domain.User">
INSERT into t_user (name) values (#{name})
</insert>
<select id="loadAll" resultType="User">
SELECT * from t_user
</select>
</mapper>
- 編寫IUserService接口和接口的實(shí)現(xiàn)類UserServiceImpl
package cn.wangningbo.service;
import cn.wangningbo.domain.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface IUserService {
void add(User user);
List<User> getAll();
}
package cn.wangningbo.service.impl;
import cn.wangningbo.domain.User;
import cn.wangningbo.mapper.UserMapper;
import cn.wangningbo.service.IUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
public void add(User user) {
userMapper.save(user);
}
public List<User> getAll() {
return userMapper.loadAll();
}
}
- 編寫UserController
package cn.wangningbo.controller;
import cn.wangningbo.domain.User;
import cn.wangningbo.service.IUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import java.util.List;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private IUserService userService;
//保存由測(cè)試做就行,這里就不寫頁面了
//查詢所有
@GetMapping
public List<User> getAll() {
return userService.getAll();
}
}
- 編寫測(cè)試方法,測(cè)試service層
package cn.wangningbo.service;
import cn.wangningbo.App;
import cn.wangningbo.domain.User;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import java.util.List;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = App.class)
public class IUserServiceTest {
@Autowired
private IUserService userService;
@Test
public void add() {
userService.add(new User("二狗"));
userService.add(new User("張三"));
}
@Test
public void getAll() {
List<User> list = userService.getAll();
for (User user : list) {
System.out.println(user);
}
}
}
- 啟動(dòng)項(xiàng)目,測(cè)試controller層
http://localhost:8080/user
- 配置事務(wù)。注解式事務(wù)
在service層加入事務(wù)
//類級(jí)別值只讀事務(wù)
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.SUPPORTS,readOnly = true)
//在類里面寫方法上面打?qū)懯聞?wù),下面這兩種的效果是一樣的
//@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED,readOnly = false)
@Transactional
package cn.wangningbo.service.impl;
import cn.wangningbo.domain.User;
import cn.wangningbo.mapper.UserMapper;
import cn.wangningbo.service.IUserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import java.util.List;
//類級(jí)別值只讀,在類里面寫方法上面打?qū)懯聞?wù)
@Service
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.SUPPORTS, readOnly = true)
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
//@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED,readOnly = false)
@Transactional
public void add(User user) {
userMapper.save(user);
// int i = 1/0;
}
public List<User> getAll() {
return userMapper.loadAll();
}
}
- 測(cè)試事務(wù)
由于在service那里的add方法弄了一個(gè)int i = 1/0;事務(wù)成功了就不會(huì)添加到數(shù)據(jù)庫,注釋掉那一行 int i = 1/0;就會(huì)添加到數(shù)據(jù)庫。
- 獲取自增的主鍵id
只需要在Mapper.xml里面的添加方法配置一下useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id" keyColumn="id"
UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.wangningbo.mapper.UserMapper">
<insert id="save" parameterType="cn.wangningbo.domain.User"
useGeneratedKeys="true"
keyProperty="id"
keyColumn="id">
INSERT into t_user (name) values (#{name})
</insert>
<select id="loadAll" resultType="User">
SELECT * from t_user
</select>
</mapper>
測(cè)試是否獲得主鍵id,執(zhí)行測(cè)試方法輸出查看是否有id
@Test
public void add() {
User user = new User("二狗");
System.out.println(user.getId());
userService.add(user);
System.out.println(user.getId());
}
輸出結(jié)果:
null
6
- 使用插件PageHelper分頁
PageHelper是mybatis一個(gè)插件,可以用它完成分頁
步驟:導(dǎo)入jaar,在配置類里面配置Bean,測(cè)試
導(dǎo)入jar
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
<version>4.1.0</version>
</dependency>
配置
package cn.wangningbo.config;
import com.github.pagehelper.PageHelper;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.Properties;
@Configuration
public class MyConfig {
@Bean
public PageHelper pageHelper() {
System.out.println("MyBatisConfiguration.pageHelper()");
PageHelper pageHelper = new PageHelper();
Properties p = new Properties();
p.setProperty("offsetAsPageNum", "true");
p.setProperty("rowBoundsWithCount", "true");
p.setProperty("reasonable", "true");
pageHelper.setProperties(p);
return pageHelper;
}
}
service層進(jìn)行分頁
public List<User> getAll() {
PageHelper.startPage(1, 3);
return userMapper.loadAll();
}
測(cè)試
@Test
public void getAll() {
//此時(shí)list已經(jīng)不是傳統(tǒng)list,相當(dāng)于原來pageList
Page<User> list = (Page<User>) userService.getAll();
//class com.github.pagehelper.Page
System.out.println(list.getClass());
//還有分頁信息
System.out.println(list.getTotal());
System.out.println(list.getPageNum());
//獲取數(shù)據(jù):本身也是一個(gè)繼承與ArraList的List
for (User user : userService.getAll()) {
System.out.println(user);
}
}
輸出結(jié)果
class com.github.pagehelper.Page
5
1
User{id=1, name='二狗'}
User{id=2, name='張三'}
User{id=4, name='二狗'}
1.2 注解版
注解版與xml版很相似,我只簡單說幾句不一樣的地方
- 注解版使用mybatis的時(shí)候,只需要在Mapper接口那里的方法頭上打注解即可,以前使用xml版本的時(shí)候都是在xml里面寫的查詢,添加等方法!
package cn.wangningbo.mapper;
import cn.wangningbo.domain.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Options;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import java.util.List;
public interface UserMapper {
@Options(useGeneratedKeys = true, keyProperty = "id", keyColumn = "id")
@Insert("insert into t_user(name) values (#{name})")
void save(User user);
@Select("select * from t_user")
List<User> loadAll();
}
2. SpringBoot啟動(dòng)分析
2.1 創(chuàng)建SpringApplication對(duì)象
initialize(sources);
private void initialize(Object[] sources) {
//保存主配置類
if (sources != null && sources.length > 0) {
this.sources.addAll(Arrays.asList(sources));
}
//判斷當(dāng)前是否一個(gè)web應(yīng)用
this.webEnvironment = deduceWebEnvironment();
//從類路徑下找到META-INF/spring.factories配置的所有ApplicationContextInitializer;然后保存起來
setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(
ApplicationContextInitializer.class));
//從類路徑下找到ETA-INF/spring.factories配置的所有ApplicationListener
setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));
//從多個(gè)配置類中找到有main方法的主配置類
this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass();
}
2.2 運(yùn)行run方法
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
stopWatch.start();
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
configureHeadlessProperty();
//獲取SpringApplicationRunListeners;從類路徑下META-INF/spring.factories
SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
//回調(diào)所有的獲取SpringApplicationRunListener.starting()方法
listeners.starting();
try {
//封裝命令行參數(shù)
ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
args);
//準(zhǔn)備環(huán)境
ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
applicationArguments);
//創(chuàng)建環(huán)境完成后回調(diào)SpringApplicationRunListener.environmentPrepared();表示環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備完成
Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
//創(chuàng)建ApplicationContext;決定創(chuàng)建web的ioc還是普通的ioc
context = createApplicationContext();
analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context);
//準(zhǔn)備上下文環(huán)境;將environment保存到ioc中;而且applyInitializers();
//applyInitializers():回調(diào)之前保存的所有的ApplicationContextInitializer的initialize方法
//回調(diào)所有的SpringApplicationRunListener的contextPrepared();
//
prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
printedBanner);
//prepareContext運(yùn)行完成以后回調(diào)所有的SpringApplicationRunListener的contextLoaded();
//刷新容器;ioc容器初始化(如果是web應(yīng)用還會(huì)創(chuàng)建嵌入式的Tomcat);Spring注解版
//掃描,創(chuàng)建,加載所有組件的地方;(配置類,組件,自動(dòng)配置)
refreshContext(context);
//從ioc容器中獲取所有的ApplicationRunner和CommandLineRunner進(jìn)行回調(diào)
//ApplicationRunner先回調(diào),CommandLineRunner再回調(diào)
afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
//所有的SpringApplicationRunListener回調(diào)finished方法
listeners.finished(context, null);
stopWatch.stop();
if (this.logStartupInfo) {
new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
.logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
}
//整個(gè)SpringBoot應(yīng)用啟動(dòng)完成以后返回啟動(dòng)的ioc容器;
return context;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex);
throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
}
}