刻意練習(xí)和天真練習(xí)
While regular practice might include mindless repetitions, deliberate practice requires focused attention and is conducted with the specific goal of improving performance.
常規(guī)（天真練習(xí)）常常是無意義的重復(fù)。
為何常規(guī)練習(xí)常常成為無意義的重復(fù)
This is because the natural tendency of the human brain is to transform repeated behaviors into automatic habits. For example, when you first learned to tie your shoes you had to think carefully about each step of the process. Today, after many repetitions, your brain can perform this sequence automatically. The more we repeat a task the more mindless it becomes.
人的天性就是如此。把非自動化的工作轉(zhuǎn)化為自動化的工作。好處是速度快了，壞處就是難以進(jìn)步了。
天真練習(xí)和刻意練習(xí)的區(qū)別
Perhaps the greatest difference between deliberate practice and simple repetition is this: feedback. Anyone who has mastered the art of deliberate practice—whether they are an athlete like Ben Hogan or a writer like Ben Franklin—has developed methods for receiving continual feedback on their performance.
最大的區(qū)別就是有沒有正確的反饋。
如何獲得有效的反饋？
There are many ways to receive feedback. Let's discuss two.
The first effective feedback system is measurement. The things we measure are the things we improve. This holds true for the number of pages we read, the number of pushups we do, the number of sales calls we make, and any other task that is important to us. It is only through measurement that we have any proof of whether we are getting better or worse.
第一個就是計量，比如作為銷售看銷售量。
The second effective feedback system is coaching. One consistent finding across disciplines is that coaches are often essential for sustaining deliberate practice. In many cases, it is nearly impossible to both perform a task and measure your progress at the same time. Good coaches can track your progress, find small ways to improve, and hold you accountable to delivering your best effort each day.
請一個教練，這個沒啥說的。
