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相對(duì)于手動(dòng)制作的docker鏡像，使用dockerfile構(gòu)建的鏡像有以下優(yōu)點(diǎn)：
1：dockerfile只有幾kb，便于傳輸
2：使用dockerfile構(gòu)建出來(lái)的鏡像，在運(yùn)行容器的時(shí)候，不用指定容器的初始命令
3：支持更多的自定義操作

dockerfile常用指令：

FROM 這個(gè)鏡像的媽媽是誰(shuí)？（指定基礎(chǔ)鏡像）     
MAINTAINER 告訴別人，誰(shuí)負(fù)責(zé)養(yǎng)它？（指定維護(hù)者信息，可以沒有）     
RUN 你想讓它干啥（在命令前面加上RUN即可）     
ADD 給它點(diǎn)創(chuàng)業(yè)資金（復(fù)制文件，會(huì)自動(dòng)解壓）     
WORKDIR 我是cd,今天剛化了妝（設(shè)置當(dāng)前工作目錄）     
VOLUME 給它一個(gè)存放行李的地方（設(shè)置卷，掛載主機(jī)目錄）     
EXPOSE 它要打開的門是啥（指定對(duì)外的端口）(-P 隨機(jī)端口)     
CMD 奔跑吧，兄弟！（指定容器啟動(dòng)后的要干的事情）（容易被替換）

dockerfile其他指令：

COPY 復(fù)制文件     
ENV  環(huán)境變量    
ENTRYPOINT  容器啟動(dòng)后執(zhí)行的命令（無(wú)法被替換，啟容器的時(shí)候指定的命令，會(huì)被當(dāng)成參數(shù)）

dockerfile實(shí)戰(zhàn)1（注意dockerfile與傳統(tǒng)手動(dòng)構(gòu)建docker鏡像的區(qū)別）

手動(dòng)構(gòu)建鏡像

1：?jiǎn)?dòng)容器安裝軟件服務(wù)
docker run -it -p 1022:22 --name fxw centos:6.9 
######
yum install openssh-server -y
/etc/init.d/sshd start
echo 123456|passwd  --stdin root 
######

2：將安裝好服務(wù)的容器commit提交為鏡像
docker commit fxw centos6-ssh:v1

3:   啟動(dòng)新容器來(lái)測(cè)試新提交的鏡像
docker run -d -p 2022:22 centos6-ssh:v1  /usr/sbin/sshd -D

dockerfile構(gòu)建鏡像

1：編寫dockerfile
vi  dockerfile
FROM  centos:6.9
RUN     yum install openssh-server -y
RUN     /etc/init.d/sshd start
RUN     echo 123456|passwd --stdin root 
CMD     ["/usr/sbin/sshd","-D"]

2：docker build構(gòu)建鏡像
docker build -t centos6-ssh:v2  .

3:   啟動(dòng)新容器來(lái)測(cè)試新構(gòu)建的鏡像
docker run -d -p 1322:22 centos6-ssh:v2

實(shí)戰(zhàn)

1.在/opt目錄下創(chuàng)建dockerfile/centos6_ssh/dockerfile，然后編寫dockerfile，如下操作：

[root@docker01 opt]# mkdir dockerfile
[root@docker01 opt]# cd dockerfile/
[root@docker01 dockerfile]# mkdir centos6_ssh
[root@docker01 dockerfile]# cd centos6_ssh/
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# vim dockerfile

FROM    centos:6.9
RUN     yum install openssh-server -y
RUN     /etc/init.d/sshd start
RUN     echo 123456|passwd --stdin root 
CMD     ["/usr/sbin/sshd","-D"]

2.構(gòu)建docker鏡像（docker image build -t centos6_ssh:v2 .），-t 指定鏡像名稱，注意后面有個(gè)點(diǎn)，表示當(dāng)前位置：

[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker image build -t centos6_ssh:v2 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  2.048kB
Step 1/5 : FROM    centos:6.9
 ---> 2199b8eb8390
Step 2/5 : RUN     yum install openssh-server -y
 ---> Running in 7948c359c433
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
   .
   .
   .
省略部分
   .
   .
   .
Complete!
Removing intermediate container 7948c359c433
 ---> 1b4c583de43a
Step 3/5 : RUN     /etc/init.d/sshd start
 ---> Running in 9f51bb8c01af
Generating SSH2 RSA host key: [  OK  ]
Generating SSH1 RSA host key: [  OK  ]
Generating SSH2 DSA host key: [  OK  ]
Starting sshd: [  OK  ]
Removing intermediate container 9f51bb8c01af
 ---> f8f1d7a51f3a
Step 4/5 : RUN     echo 123456|passwd --stdin root
 ---> Running in cf61b9584057
Changing password for user root.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Removing intermediate container cf61b9584057
 ---> acd69ba39d72
Step 5/5 : CMD     ["/usr/sbin/sshd","-D"]
 ---> Running in 2a34bf3a22e0
Removing intermediate container 2a34bf3a22e0
 ---> 023162318c9a
Successfully built 023162318c9a
Successfully tagged centos6_ssh:v2
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]#

查看鏡像是否構(gòu)建成功：

[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos6_ssh         v2                  023162318c9a        4 minutes ago       309MB
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]#

3.啟動(dòng)新構(gòu)建的鏡像

[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker run -d -p 1322:22 centos6_ssh:v2
03aae160a9dcf9a1aa6cd30576739df825fead46f8b1d46fc476bb0fedc5c36b
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker ps -a -l
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                  NAMES
03aae160a9dc        centos6_ssh:v2      "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"   10 seconds ago      Up 9 seconds        0.0.0.0:1322->22/tcp   silly_stonebraker
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]#

4.測(cè)試ssh，連接成功。

[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# ssh root@10.0.0.11 -p 1322
The authenticity of host '[10.0.0.11]:1322 ([10.0.0.11]:1322)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:fy+mmO6sGYcnPGLVmmKe7bMeIoVf8B1e6koFLMveZEM.
RSA key fingerprint is MD5:6f:f0:e4:4f:e2:2c:3a:af:75:38:9c:4c:9a:4f:24:62.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[10.0.0.11]:1322' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@10.0.0.11's password: 
[root@03aae160a9dc ~]#

擴(kuò)展1：配置并啟動(dòng)多個(gè)服務(wù)的docker容器，只需修改dockerfile，如下：（ADD file1 file2表示將file1從宿主機(jī)的當(dāng)前目錄復(fù)制到容器的木錄下）

[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# vim dockerfile 

FROM    centos:6.9
RUN     yum install openssh-server -y
RUN     /etc/init.d/sshd start
RUN     echo 123456|passwd --stdin root
RUN     yum install httpd -y
ADD     init.sh /init.sh
CMD     ["/bin/bash","/init.sh"]

并且需要在當(dāng)前目錄下添加init.sh：

[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# vim init.sh

#!/bin/bash
/etc/init.d/httpd start
/usr/sbin/sshd -D

構(gòu)建，啟動(dòng)，測(cè)試容器

[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker build -t centos6.9_http_ssh:v2 .   #構(gòu)建容器
Sending build context to Docker daemon  3.072kB
Step 1/7 : FROM    centos:6.9
 ---> 2199b8eb8390
Step 2/7 : RUN     yum install openssh-server -y
 ---> Using cache   #使用緩存
 ---> 1b4c583de43a
Step 3/7 : RUN     /etc/init.d/sshd start
 ---> Using cache   #使用緩存
 ---> f8f1d7a51f3a
Step 4/7 : RUN     echo 123456|passwd --stdin root
 ---> Using cache   #使用緩存
 ---> acd69ba39d72
Step 5/7 : RUN  yum install httpd -y
 ---> Running in 093a92bf39fe
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
Setting up Install Process
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
 * extras: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
 * updates: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
   .
   .
   .
省略部分
   .
   .
   .                                
  apr-util-ldap.x86_64 0:1.3.9-3.el6_0.1                                        
  httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.2.15-69.el6.centos                                     
  mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.31-2.el6                                                 

Complete!
Removing intermediate container 093a92bf39fe
 ---> a5bc747e0e9d
Step 6/7 : ADD  init.sh ./init.sh
 ---> 1bca69f9b863
Step 7/7 : CMD     ["/bin/bash","/init.sh"]
 ---> Running in 6f45ce7a47e6
Removing intermediate container 6f45ce7a47e6
 ---> c00fcc89d51e
Successfully built c00fcc89d51e
Successfully tagged centos6.9_http_ssh:v2
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker images    #查看容器
REPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos6.9_http_ssh   v2                  c00fcc89d51e        29 seconds ago      386MB
centos6_ssh          v2                  023162318c9a        27 minutes ago      309MB
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker run -d -p 1522:22 -p 85:80 centos6.9_http_ssh:v2 #啟動(dòng)容器
d213f7d980175b7f35eb6fffc90d48268bfe581e95ab1452c7380604ca01fc5c
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# curl -I 10.0.0.11:85  #測(cè)試httpd
HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
Date: Thu, 25 Jul 2019 07:51:05 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.15 (CentOS)
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 4961
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# ssh root@10.0.0.11 -p 1522   #測(cè)試sshd連接服務(wù)
The authenticity of host '[10.0.0.11]:1522 ([10.0.0.11]:1522)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:fy+mmO6sGYcnPGLVmmKe7bMeIoVf8B1e6koFLMveZEM.
RSA key fingerprint is MD5:6f:f0:e4:4f:e2:2c:3a:af:75:38:9c:4c:9a:4f:24:62.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[10.0.0.11]:1522' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@10.0.0.11's password: 
[root@d213f7d98017 ~]# #成功

擴(kuò)展2：
EXPOSE結(jié)合-P隨機(jī)端口映射的使用
EXPOSE 22 80 #指定開放映射端口，否則直接docier run -d -P centos6.9_http_ssh:v3無(wú)效

[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# vim dockerfile 

FROM    centos:6.9
RUN     yum install openssh-server -y
RUN     /etc/init.d/sshd start
RUN     echo 123456|passwd --stdin root
RUN     yum install httpd -y
ADD     init.sh ./init.sh
EXPOSE  22 80   #指定開放映射端口，否則直接docier run -d -P centos6.9_http_ssh無(wú)效
CMD     ["/bin/bash","/init.sh"]

擴(kuò)展3：
默認(rèn)情況下，手動(dòng)進(jìn)入容器，將定位到容器的根目錄：

[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker build -t centos6.9_http_ssh:v4 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  3.072kB
Step 1/9 : FROM    centos:6.9
 ---> 2199b8eb8390
Step 2/9 : RUN     yum install openssh-server -y
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 1b4c583de43a
Step 3/9 : RUN     /etc/init.d/sshd start
 ---> Using cache
 ---> f8f1d7a51f3a
Step 4/9 : RUN     echo 123456|passwd --stdin root
 ---> Using cache
 ---> acd69ba39d72
Step 5/9 : RUN  yum install httpd -y
 ---> Using cache
 ---> a5bc747e0e9d
Step 6/9 : ADD  init.sh ./init.sh
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 1bca69f9b863
Step 7/9 : EXPOSE   22 80
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 038d316a06e3
Step 8/9 : WORKDIR  /root
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 24544ae31045
Step 9/9 : CMD     ["/bin/bash","/init.sh"]
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 907fc318a171
Successfully built 907fc318a171
Successfully tagged centos6.9_http_ssh:v4
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker images
REPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos6.9_http_ssh   v4                  907fc318a171        6 minutes ago       386MB
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker run -P -it 907fc318a171 /bin/bash
[root@858958ffa7f2 ~]# #當(dāng)前目錄為~，root目錄

擴(kuò)展3：
ENV 環(huán)境變量，實(shí)例（添加ENV，同時(shí)修改init.sh）：
vim dockerfile

[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# vim dockerfile
FROM    centos:6.9
RUN     yum install openssh-server -y
RUN     /etc/init.d/sshd start
RUN     echo 123456|passwd --stdin root
RUN     yum install httpd -y
ADD     init.sh ./init.sh
EXPOSE  22 80
WORKDIR /root
ENV     SSH_PASSWD=123456  #新增
CMD     ["/bin/bash","/init.sh"]

vim init.sh

[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# vim init.sh 

#!/bin/bash
echo $SSH_PASSWD|passwd --stdin root  #新增
/etc/init.d/httpd start
/usr/sbin/sshd -D

重新構(gòu)建并連接ssh服務(wù)

[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker build -t centos6.9_http_ssh:v5 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  3.072kB
Step 1/10 : FROM    centos:6.9
 ---> 2199b8eb8390
Step 2/10 : RUN     yum install openssh-server -y
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 1b4c583de43a
Step 3/10 : RUN     /etc/init.d/sshd start
 ---> Using cache
 ---> f8f1d7a51f3a
Step 4/10 : RUN     echo 123456|passwd --stdin root
 ---> Using cache
 ---> acd69ba39d72
Step 5/10 : RUN yum install httpd -y
 ---> Using cache
 ---> a5bc747e0e9d
Step 6/10 : ADD init.sh ./init.sh
 ---> 3300442c4018
Step 7/10 : EXPOSE  22 80
 ---> Running in b6a585bd79dc
Removing intermediate container b6a585bd79dc
 ---> 2d3c85fd7725
Step 8/10 : WORKDIR /root
 ---> Running in afe5b48a9fa6
Removing intermediate container afe5b48a9fa6
 ---> 93861d4451e6
Step 9/10 : ENV SSH_PASSWD=123456
 ---> Running in 819d96bc4599
Removing intermediate container 819d96bc4599
 ---> f9a175cda34b
Step 10/10 : CMD     ["/bin/bash","/init.sh"]
 ---> Running in 23b365d3d5bc
Removing intermediate container 23b365d3d5bc
 ---> ea105d511658
Successfully built ea105d511658
Successfully tagged centos6.9_http_ssh:v5
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker images
REPOSITORY           TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos6.9_http_ssh   v5                  ea105d511658        5 seconds ago       386MB
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker run --env "SSH_PASSWD=231231" -d -P ea105d511658
c43e09f83c710d83dfb70258e6fb48ca80aae7be661e230f07dee5a83ec58c3d
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# docker ps -a |grep ea105d511658
c43e09f83c71        ea105d511658            "/bin/bash /init.sh"     About a minute ago   Up About a minute                0.0.0.0:32771->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:32770->80/tcp   keen_villani
[root@docker01 centos6_ssh]# ssh root@10.0.0.11 -p 32771
The authenticity of host '[10.0.0.11]:32771 ([10.0.0.11]:32771)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:fy+mmO6sGYcnPGLVmmKe7bMeIoVf8B1e6koFLMveZEM.
RSA key fingerprint is MD5:6f:f0:e4:4f:e2:2c:3a:af:75:38:9c:4c:9a:4f:24:62.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[10.0.0.11]:32771' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@10.0.0.11's password: #此處將不再是123456，而是231231
[root@c43e09f83c71 ~]#

擴(kuò)展4：docker run --env -d -P ea105d511658 sleep 10，手動(dòng)的初始命令sleep 10 會(huì)覆蓋掉配置文件中的CMD命令（CMD命令將不會(huì)運(yùn)行），如果想要CMD不被覆蓋，并且運(yùn)行手動(dòng)添加的命令，則將CMD修改為ENTRYPOINT（初始命令不覆蓋并隨后運(yùn)行手動(dòng)添加的命令），如下：

FROM    centos:6.9
RUN     yum install openssh-server -y
RUN     /etc/init.d/sshd start
RUN     echo 123456|passwd --stdin root
RUN     yum install httpd -y
ADD     init.sh ./init.sh
EXPOSE  22 80
WORKDIR /root
ENV     SSH_PASSWD=123456
#CMD     ["/bin/bash","/init.sh"]  #刪掉此行，用下行替換
ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash","/init.sh"]

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跟我學(xué)Docker：dockerfile自動(dòng)構(gòu)建鏡像（八）

跟我學(xué)Docker：dockerfile自動(dòng)構(gòu)建鏡像（八）

dockerfile常用指令：

dockerfile其他指令：

dockerfile實(shí)戰(zhàn)1（注意dockerfile與傳統(tǒng)手動(dòng)構(gòu)建docker鏡像的區(qū)別）

實(shí)戰(zhàn)

相關(guān)閱讀更多精彩內(nèi)容

友情鏈接更多精彩內(nèi)容

色偷偷精品伊人,欧洲久久精品,欧美综合婷婷骚逼,国产AV主播,国产最新探花在线,九色在线视频一区,伊人大交九 欧美,1769亚洲,黄色成人av

跟我學(xué)Docker：dockerfile自動(dòng)構(gòu)建鏡像（八）

dockerfile常用指令：

dockerfile其他指令：

dockerfile實(shí)戰(zhàn)1（注意dockerfile與傳統(tǒng)手動(dòng)構(gòu)建docker鏡像的區(qū)別）

實(shí)戰(zhàn)

相關(guān)閱讀更多精彩內(nèi)容

友情鏈接更多精彩內(nèi)容

色偷偷精品伊人,欧洲久久精品,欧美综合婷婷骚逼,国产AV主播,国产最新探花在线,九色在线视频一区,伊人大交九欧美,1769亚洲,黄色成人av