C46348-Lattice-Day12-肯定后果來肯定前因

Premise: If Esther failed Philosophy 101(A),? she would drop out of school.(B)


Premise: She has left school, (B)


Conclusion: She failed the course. (A)


Attack: Failing the course may not be the reason for why Esther has left school. She might have suffered from other things, like an unexpected accident accountable for her leaving.

Premise:

If a person is given a proper upbringing by one's parents(A), he or she will treat others with respect(B).


Premise: If a person treats others with respect, (B)


Conclusion:

He or she has indeed been given a proper upbringing.(A)


Attack: There are some people suffering from poor education, or growing without parents who also know how to respect others, which defies the unwarranted conclusion and its premise.

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