2021.11.26
韓冰彬
難度：CSE7
課程導(dǎo)讀
最近，一篇關(guān)于“農(nóng)民工思考海德格爾”的文章在社交媒體上引發(fā)熱議：看似“無用的”哲學(xué)是否只屬于特定的社會階層？今天這篇選自《紐約時報(bào)》的文章講述了一個有些相似的故事：十幾年來，陳年喜一邊在礦井中從事體力勞動，一邊堅(jiān)持詩歌創(chuàng)作。陳年喜為什么要寫詩？他的故事又能帶給我們哪些啟發(fā)？一起來聽今天的講解。
本文封面圖片來自The New York Times，如有版權(quán)問題，請聯(lián)系刪除。
本篇課程首發(fā)于2021年11月26日
英文原文
Deep Underground, a Chinese Miner Discovered Poetry in the Toil
By Vivian Wang
More than three decades after scribbling his first poem as a teenager in the mountains of northern China, Chen Nianxi is living a literary dream. He has published two critically acclaimed books. He hobnobs with intellectuals around banquet tables. He tours the country promoting his writing, flitting between book fairs and university lecture halls.
Still, he often finds his joy tempered with a sense of alienation.
"I can't completely leave behind my old life. I also don't really know how to participate in this new life," said Mr. Chen.
The source of that tension is the vast gulf between his new circumstances and his old. For more than 15 years, he labored in gold, iron and zinc mines across China, detonating explosives by day and scrawling poems on the backs of newspapers at night.
His poems speak of the loneliness of the mines, the deaths of fellow workers and the distance between modern life and his work underground. They lament the toll of physical labor, while also valorizing its clarifying power.
Mr. Chen speaks of wanting to fill a gap in China's literary and pop culture. But he is also wary of being confined as a writer only to that gap—and to the accompanying low expectations.
"There will definitely be people who treat you as a spectacle: 'You're so underprivileged, your life is so distant from literature, and you actually wrote something,'" Mr. Chen said.
He insists on his work being judged on its artistic merits, not his hardscrabble background.
Critics have agreed. In a review in The Paper, Ma Zhen, a contemporary literature scholar, said there was a roughness to Mr. Chen's poems, but that they also carried "classical bloodlines," with frequent allusions to classical Chinese literature.
生詞好句
1.poetry
英 [?p???tri] 美 [?po??tri]
n. （本文）詩意；詩歌
拓展:
詞義辨析：poem vs. poetry
poem指的是具體的詩歌文本
而poetry一般有兩個含義：
① 是對"詩歌"這一文學(xué)體裁的指代；
② 指的是某物所展現(xiàn)出來的具有詩歌特性的品質(zhì)（the poetic quality of something），也就是所謂的"詩意"或者"詩性"。
2.toil
英 [t??l] 美 [t??l]
n. 長時間的、辛苦的勞作（尤其指體力勞動）
3.scribble
英 [?skr?b?l] 美 [?skr?b?l]
v.? 隨意地寫，漫不經(jīng)心地寫；信手涂鴉；n. 亂寫；涂鴉
拓展:
scribble既可以指寫的內(nèi)容不走心很隨意，也可以指寫的字跡很潦草。
While listening to the teacher talk, he scribbled a few words on his notebook.
在聽老師講的時候，他很隨意地在本子上記了幾句。
a scribble you could barely make out 很難看明白的字跡
4.live a dream
讓夢想照進(jìn)現(xiàn)實(shí)，按夢想的方式來生活，把夢想過成日子
5.critically acclaimed
備受好評的
拓展:
acclaimed是動詞acclaim的過去分詞，在本文中做定語
acclaim
UK /??kle?m/ US /??kle?m/
v. 表揚(yáng)，贊賞（praise）
widely acclaimed 廣受好評的
highly acclaimed 被高度贊揚(yáng)的
6.hobnob
英 [?h?bn?b] 美 [?hɑ?bnɑ?b]
v. 社交性飲酒（to drink sociably），觥籌交錯
7.flit
英 [fl?t] 美 [fl?t]
v. 快速地從一個地方到另一個地方（move quickly from one place to another）
8.temper
英 [?temp?] 美 [?temp?r]
v. 稀釋（dilute）；中和，緩和（moderate）；n. 脾氣
9.alienation
英 [?e?li??ne??n] 美 [?e?li??ne??n]
n. （本文）疏離；異化
拓展:
近義詞：estrangement
10.gulf
英 [ɡ?lf] 美 [ɡ?lf]
n. （引申義）鴻溝，隔閡；（本義）海灣
11.circumstance
英 [?s??k?mstɑ?ns] 美 [?s??rk?mst?ns]
n. 境況，處境
12.scrawl
英 [skr??l] 美 [skrɑ?l]
v. 潦草地寫；亂涂
拓展:
詞義辨析：scrawl vs. scribble
scribble的意思是涂鴉，隨便畫點(diǎn)東西，它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是快、是瞎寫瞎畫，沒有目的。
而scrawl更強(qiáng)調(diào)字跡不整潔，不是工工整整地在寫，指的就是寫字。
Harry could make out Hermione's neat writing, Ron's untidy scrawl, and even a scribble that looked as though it was from the Hogwarts gamekeeper, Hagrid.
哈利能夠認(rèn)出赫敏干凈的字跡，羅恩不整潔的書寫，甚至是那種隨便的涂鴉，看起來就像是霍格沃茨看守人海格寫的。
13.lament
英 [l??ment] 美 [l??ment]
v. 哀悼，哀嘆
14.toll
英 [t??l] 美 [to?l]
n. 代價（price or cost）
拓展:
toll指具有破壞性的代價，尤其是生命代價。
take a toll on somebody or something
對某人或某事產(chǎn)生重大的影響或后果
An unhealthy family environment will eventually take a toll on one's mental well-being.
原生家庭的不良環(huán)境最終會對一個人的心理健康產(chǎn)生重大的影響。
The unhealthy family environment is finally taking its toll.
原生家庭的不良影響，終于顯現(xiàn)了出來。
death toll 死亡人數(shù)
15.valorize
英 [?v?l??ra?z] 美 [?v?l??ra?z]
v. 給予某物價值（assign value to something），認(rèn)可
16.clarifying
動詞clarify的現(xiàn)在分詞，在文中做形容詞
拓展:
clarify
UK /?kl?r?fa?/ US /?kler?fa?/
v. 使......清晰
17.confine
英 [k?n?fa?n] 美 [k?n?fa?n]
v. 把……局限在，限制
拓展:
Don't confine yourself to what you can do, but think about what you want to do.
不要把你自己局限在你能做的事情里，而是要想想你想做什么。
18.underprivileged
英 [??nd??pr?v?l?d?d] 美 [??nd?r?pr?v?l?d?d]
adj. 底層的，弱勢群體的
拓展:
privilege
UK /?pr?v?l?d?/ US /?pr?v?l?d?/
n. 特權(quán)
the privileged 特權(quán)階層
19.artistic merit
藝術(shù)價值
拓展:
近義表達(dá)：artistic value
merit
UK /?mer?t/ US /?mer?t/
n. 優(yōu)點(diǎn)，價值
20.hardscrabble
英 [?hɑ?d?skr?bl] 美 [?hɑ?rd?skr?bl]
adj. 艱難求生的，貧窮的
拓展:
scrabble
UK /?skr?b?l/ US /?skr?b?l/
v. 苦求
近義詞：struggle
21.there is a + 抽象名詞 + to something
某物有著一絲……的氣質(zhì)或特質(zhì)
拓展:
There is a classical charm to her look.
她的長相有一種古典魅力。
roughness
UK /?r?fn?s/ US /?r?fn?s/
n. （原始的）粗糙感
22.bloodline
英 [?bl?dla?n] 美 [?bl?dla?n]
n. 血脈
23.allusion
英 [??lu???n] 美 [??lu???n]
n. 引喻，引用經(jīng)典
拓展:
allude
UK /??lu?d/ US /??lu?d/
v. 暗指，含沙射影
A's comments appeared to allude to B's recent scandal.
A明星的發(fā)言疑似暗指B明星的某個緋聞。
