PostGIS Geometry/Geography/Box Data Types(數(shù)據(jù)類型）
box2d—二維邊界框。用于描述幾何圖形或幾何圖形集合的2D范圍。
box2d— A 2-dimensional bounding box. Used to describe the 2D extent of a geometry or collection of geometries.
box3d— 3維邊界框。用于描述幾何圖形或幾何圖形集合的3D范圍。
box3d— A 3-dimensional bounding box. Used to describe the 3D extent of a geometry or collection of geometries.
geometry—?用平面坐標(biāo)系表示空間要素的類型。
geometry— The type representing spatial features with planar coordinate systems.
geometry_dump—用于描述復(fù)雜幾何圖形各部分的復(fù)合類型。
geometry_dump— A composite type used to describe the parts of complex geometry.
geography—用大地（橢球體）坐標(biāo)系表示空間特征的類型。
geography— The type representing spatial features with geodetic (ellipsoidal) coordinate systems.
TIPS?
1.CAST(myval As sometype)?或來指定類型轉(zhuǎn)換myval::sometype
表管理功能
AddGeometryColumn—將幾何列添加到現(xiàn)有表。
AddGeometryColumn— Adds a geometry column to an existing table.
DropGeometryColumn—從空間表中刪除幾何列。
DropGeometryColumn— Removes a geometry column from a spatial table.
DropGeometryTable—將表及其所有引用拖放到geometry_columns中。
DropGeometryTable— Drops a table and all its references in geometry_columns.
Find_SRID—返回為幾何列定義的SRID。
Find_SRID— Returns the SRID defined for a geometry column.
Populate_Geometry_Columns—確保使用類型修飾符定義幾何列或具有適當(dāng)?shù)目臻g約束。
Populate_Geometry_Columns— Ensures geometry columns are defined with type modifiers or have appropriate spatial constraints.
UpdateGeometrySRID—更新幾何列中的所有要素的SRID和表元數(shù)據(jù)。
UpdateGeometrySRID— Updates the SRID of all features in a geometry column, and the table metadata.
Geometry Constructors(構(gòu)造）
ST_Collect—從一組幾何創(chuàng)建一個(gè)GeometryCollection或Multi *幾何。
ST_Collect— Creates a GeometryCollection or Multi* geometry from a set of geometries.
ST_LineFromMultiPoint—從MultiPoint幾何圖形創(chuàng)建LineString。
ST_LineFromMultiPoint— Creates a LineString from a MultiPoint geometry.
ST_MakeEnvelope—從最小和最大坐標(biāo)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)矩形Polygon。
ST_MakeEnvelope— Creates a rectangular Polygon from minimum and maximum coordinates.
ST_MakeLine—從Point，MultiPoint或LineString幾何形狀創(chuàng)建線串。
ST_MakeLine— Creates a Linestring from Point, MultiPoint, or LineString geometries.
ST_MakePoint—?jiǎng)?chuàng)建2D，3DZ或4D點(diǎn)。
ST_MakePoint— Creates a 2D, 3DZ or 4D Point.
ST_MakePointM—從X，Y和M值創(chuàng)建一個(gè)點(diǎn)。
ST_MakePointM— Creates a Point from X, Y and M values.
ST_MakePolygon—從殼體和孔的可選列表創(chuàng)建多邊形。
ST_MakePolygon— Creates a Polygon from a shell and optional list of holes.
ST_Point—使用給定的坐標(biāo)值創(chuàng)建一個(gè)Point。ST_MakePoint的別名。
ST_Point— Creates a Point with the given coordinate values. Alias for ST_MakePoint.
ST_Polygon—從具有指定SRID的LineString創(chuàng)建多邊形。
ST_Polygon— Creates a Polygon from a LineString with a specified SRID.
ST_TileEnvelope—使用XYZ tile system? 在Web Mercator（SRID：3857）中創(chuàng)建矩形多邊形。
ST_TileEnvelope— Creates a rectangular Polygon in Web Mercator (SRID:3857) using the XYZ tile system.
Geometry Accessors（訪問）
GeometryType—以文本形式返回幾何的類型。
GeometryType— Returns the type of a geometry as text.
ST_Boundary—返回幾何的邊界。
ST_Boundary— Returns the boundary of a geometry.
ST_CoordDim—返回幾何的坐標(biāo)維數(shù)。
ST_CoordDim— Return the coordinate dimension of a geometry.
ST_Dimension—返回幾何的拓?fù)渚S數(shù)。
ST_Dimension— Returns the topological dimension of a geometry.
ST_Dump—返回一組geometry_dump行——幾何體的組成部分。
ST_Dump— Returns a set of?geometry_dump?rows for the components of a geometry.
ST_DumpPoints—返回一組geometry_dump行——幾何體中的點(diǎn)。
ST_DumpPoints— Returns a set of?geometry_dump?rows for the points in a geometry.
ST_DumpRings—返回一組geometry_dump行——一個(gè)多邊形的內(nèi)環(huán)和外環(huán)。
ST_DumpRings— Returns a set of?geometry_dump?rows for the exterior and interior rings of a Polygon.
ST_EndPoint—返回LineString或CircularLineString的最后一點(diǎn)。
ST_EndPoint— Returns the last point of a LineString or CircularLineString.
ST_Envelope—返回表示幾何圖形邊界框的幾何圖形。
ST_Envelope— Returns a geometry representing the bounding box of a geometry.
ST_BoundingDiagonal—返回幾何邊界框的對(duì)角線。
ST_BoundingDiagonal— Returns the diagonal of a geometry's bounding box.
ST_ExteriorRing—返回表示多邊形外環(huán)的LineString。
ST_ExteriorRing— Returns a LineString representing the exterior ring of a Polygon.
ST_GeometryN—返回幾何集合的第N個(gè)幾何元素。
ST_GeometryN— Return the Nth geometry element of a geometry collection.
ST_GeometryType—以文本形式返回幾何的SQL-MM類型。
ST_GeometryType— Returns the SQL-MM type of a geometry as text.
ST_HasArc—測試幾何圖形是否包含圓弧
ST_HasArc— Tests if a geometry contains a circular arc
ST_InteriorRingN—返回多邊形的第N個(gè)內(nèi)環(huán)（孔）。
ST_InteriorRingN— Returns the Nth interior ring (hole) of a Polygon.
ST_IsPolygonCCW?—測試多邊形是否具有沿逆時(shí)針方向定位的外環(huán)和沿順時(shí)針方向定位的內(nèi)環(huán)。
ST_IsPolygonCCW?— Tests if Polygons have exterior rings oriented counter-clockwise and interior rings oriented clockwise.
ST_IsPolygonCW?—測試多邊形是否具有順時(shí)針定向的外環(huán)和逆時(shí)針定向的內(nèi)環(huán)。
ST_IsPolygonCW?— Tests if Polygons have exterior rings oriented clockwise and interior rings oriented counter-clockwise.
ST_IsClosed—測試LineStrings的起點(diǎn)和終點(diǎn)是否重合。對(duì)于PolyhedralSurface測試，是否封閉（體積）。
ST_IsClosed— Tests if a LineStrings's start and end points are coincident. For a PolyhedralSurface tests if it is closed (volumetric).
ST_IsCollection—測試幾何是否為幾何集合類型。
ST_IsCollection— Tests if a geometry is a geometry collection type.
ST_IsEmpty—測試幾何是否為空。
ST_IsEmpty— Tests if a geometry is empty.
ST_IsRing—測試LineString是否閉合且簡單。
ST_IsRing— Tests if a LineString is closed and simple.
ST_IsSimple—測試幾何是否沒有自相交或自相切的點(diǎn)。
ST_IsSimple— Tests if a geometry has no points of self-intersection or self-tangency.
ST_M—返回點(diǎn)的M坐標(biāo)。
ST_M— Returns the M coordinate of a Point.
ST_MemSize—返回幾何占用的內(nèi)存空間量。
ST_MemSize— Returns the amount of memory space a geometry takes.
ST_NDims—返回幾何的坐標(biāo)維數(shù)。
ST_NDims— Returns the coordinate dimension of a geometry.
ST_NPoints—返回幾何中的點(diǎn)（頂點(diǎn)）數(shù)。
ST_NPoints— Returns the number of points (vertices) in a geometry.
ST_NRings—返回多邊形幾何中的環(huán)數(shù)。
ST_NRings— Returns the number of rings in a polygonal geometry.
ST_NumGeometries—返回幾何集合中的元素?cái)?shù)。
ST_NumGeometries— Returns the number of elements in a geometry collection.
ST_NumInteriorRings—返回多邊形的內(nèi)部環(huán)數(shù)（孔）。
ST_NumInteriorRings— Returns the number of interior rings (holes) of a Polygon.
ST_NumInteriorRing—返回多邊形的內(nèi)部環(huán)（孔）數(shù)。ST_NumInteriorRings的別稱
ST_NumInteriorRing— Returns the number of interior rings (holes) of a Polygon. Aias for ST_NumInteriorRings
ST_NumPatches—返回多面曲面上的面數(shù)。對(duì)于非多面體幾何形狀，將返回null。
ST_NumPatches— Return the number of faces on a Polyhedral Surface. Will return null for non-polyhedral geometries.
ST_NumPoints—返回LineString或CircularString中的點(diǎn)數(shù)。
ST_NumPoints— Returns the number of points in a LineString or CircularString.
ST_PatchN— Returns the Nth geometry (face) of a PolyhedralSurface.。
ST_PointN—返回幾何圖形中第一個(gè)LineString或圓形LineString中的第N個(gè)點(diǎn)。
ST_PointN— Returns the Nth point in the first LineString or circular LineString in a geometry.
ST_Points—返回包含幾何圖形所有坐標(biāo)的MultiPoint。
ST_Points— Returns a MultiPoint containing all the coordinates of a geometry.
ST_StartPoint—返回LineString的第一個(gè)點(diǎn)。
ST_StartPoint— Returns the first point of a LineString.
ST_Summary—返回幾何內(nèi)容的文本摘要。
ST_Summary— Returns a text summary of the contents of a geometry.
ST_X—返回點(diǎn)的X坐標(biāo)。
ST_X— Returns the X coordinate of a Point.
ST_Y—返回點(diǎn)的Y坐標(biāo)。
ST_Y— Returns the Y coordinate of a Point.
ST_Z—返回點(diǎn)的Z坐標(biāo)。
ST_Z— Returns the Z coordinate of a Point.
ST_Zmflag—返回一個(gè)代碼，該代碼指示幾何的ZM坐標(biāo)維數(shù)。
ST_Zmflag— Returns a code indicating the ZM coordinate dimension of a geometry.
