1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes 統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)，cloth 指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，
指一件衣服用a piece of, anarticle of
2. incident, accident
incident 指小事件, accident 指不幸的事故He was killed in theaccident.
3. amount, number
amount 后接不可數(shù)名詞，number 后接可數(shù)名詞a number of students
4. family, house, home
home 家，包括住處和家人，house 房子，住宅，family 家庭成員。My family is a happy one.
5. sound, voice, noise
sound 自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice 人的嗓音，noise 噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
6. photo, picture, drawing
photo 用照相機(jī)拍攝的照片，picture 可指相片，圖片，電影片，drawing 畫的畫
Let's go and see agood picture.
7. vocabulary, word
vocabulary 詞匯，一個(gè)人擁有的單詞量，word 具體的單詞He has a largevocabulary.
8. population, people
population 人口，人數(shù)，people 具體的人China has a largepopulation.
9. weather, climate
weather 一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate 長期的氣候狀況The climate here isnot good for you.
10. road, street, path, way
road 具體的公路，馬路，street 街道，path 小路，小徑，way 道路，途徑
take this road; inthe street, Show me the way to the museum.
11. course, subject
course 課程(可包括多門科目)，subject 科目(具體的學(xué)科)a summer course
12. custom, habit
custom 傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接 to do，habit 生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接of doing.
I've got the habit ofdrinking a lot.
13. cause, reason
cause 指造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接 of sth./doing sth，reason 用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或
結(jié)果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth.the reason for being late
14. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise 運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉(不可數(shù))，exercises 練習(xí)(可數(shù))，practice(反復(fù)做的)練習(xí)。
Practice makesperfect.
15. class, lesson
作“課”解時(shí)，兩者可以替換。指課文用 lesson. 指班級(jí)或全體學(xué)生用class. Lesson 6;Class 5
16. speech, talk,
lecture
speech 指在公共場所所做的經(jīng)過準(zhǔn)備的較正式的演說，talk 日常生活中的一般的談話，講話，lecture
學(xué)術(shù)性的演講，講課a series of lectureon …
17. officer, official
officer 部隊(duì)的軍官，official 政府官員an army officer
18. work, job
二者均指工作。work 不可數(shù)，job 可數(shù) a good job。
19. couple, pair
couple 主要指人或動(dòng)物，pair 多指由兩部分組成的東西a pair of trousers
20. country, nation, state, land
country 側(cè)重指版圖，疆域，nation 指人民，國民，民族，state 側(cè)重指政府，政體，land 國土，
國家The whole nation wassad at the news.
21. cook, cooker
cook 廚師，cooker 廚具He is a good cook.
22. damage, damages
damage 不可數(shù)名詞，損害，損失; damages 復(fù)數(shù)形式，賠償金$900 damages
23. police, policeman
police 警察的總稱，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞，policeman 指某個(gè)具體的警察The police arequestioning
everyone in thehouse.
24. problem, question
problem 常和困難連系，前面的動(dòng)詞常為 think about, solve, raise，question 常和疑問連系，
多和ask, answer 連用。
25. man, a man
man 人類，a man 一個(gè)男人Man will conquernature.
26. chick, chicken
二者均可指小雞，chicken 還可以當(dāng)雞肉The chicken is delicious.
27. telegram, telegraph
當(dāng)電報(bào)解時(shí)，telegram 指具體的，telegraph 指抽象的a telegram, bytelegraph
28. trip, journey, travel, voyage
travel 是最常用的，trip 指短期的旅途，journey 指稍長的旅途，voyage 指海上航行a three-day trip
29. sport, game
sport 多指戶外的游戲或娛樂活動(dòng)，如打球，游泳，打獵，賽馬等;game 指決定勝負(fù)的游戲，通常有一套
規(guī)則His favorite sportis swimming.
30. price, prize
price 價(jià)格，prize 獎(jiǎng)，獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金win the first prizeThe price is high/low.
31. a number of, the number of
a number of 許多，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。the number of … 的數(shù)目，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The number of
students isincreasing.
32. in front of, in the front of
in front of 范圍外的前面，in the front of 范圍內(nèi)的前面In the front of theroom sits a boy.
33. of the day, of a day
of the day 每一天的，當(dāng)時(shí)的，當(dāng)代的，of a day 暫時(shí)的，不長久的a famous scientistof the day
34. three of us, the three of us
three of us 我們(不止三個(gè))中的三個(gè)，the three of us 我們?nèi)齻€(gè)(就三個(gè)人)The three of us
--- Tom, Jack and Iwent to the cinema.
35. by bus, on the bus
by bus 表手段，方式，不用冠詞，on the bus 表范圍They went there bybus.
36. for a moment, for the moment
for a moment 片刻，一會(huì)兒，for the moment 暫時(shí)，一時(shí)Thinking for amoment, he agreed.
37. next year, the next year
next year 明年，將來時(shí)間狀語，the next year 第二年，過去將來時(shí)間狀語
He said he would goabroad the next year.
38. more than a year, more than one year
more than a year 一年多，more than one year 超過一年(兩年或三年等)
39. take advice, take the(one's) advice
take advice 征求意見，take the advice 接受忠告He refused to takethe advice and failed again.
40. take air, take the air
take air 傳播，走漏，take the air 到戶外去，散步We take the airevery day.
41. in a word, in words
in a word 總之，一句話， in words 口頭上In a word, you areright.
42. in place of, in the place of
in place of 代替，in the place of 在…地方A new building is built in the place of the old one.
43. in secret, in the secret
in secret 秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作狀語;in the secret 知道內(nèi)情，知道秘密，
一般用作表語My mother was in thesecret from the beginning.
44. a girl, one girl
a girl 可泛指所有女孩, one girl 一個(gè)女孩Can one girl carrysuch a big box?
45. take a chair, take the chair
take a chair 相當(dāng)于 sit down 坐下，take the chair 開始開會(huì)
46. go to sea, by
sea, by the sea
50. in charge of, in the charge of
in charge of 管理，負(fù)責(zé)照料， in the charge of 由……照料He is in charge of the matter.
The matter is in thecharge of her.
51. in class, in the class
in class 在課上，in the class 在班級(jí)里He is the beststudent in the class.
52. on fire, on the fire
on fire 著火, on the fire 在火上Put the food on thefire. The house is on fire.
53. out of question, out of the question
out of question 毫無疑問的，out of the question 不可能的
54. a second, the second
a second 又一，再一，the second 第…… He won the secondprize.
55. by day, by the day
by day 白天，by the day 按天計(jì)算The workers are paidby the day.
56. the people, a people
the people 指人，a people 指民族The Chinese is apeace-loving people.
57. it, one
it 同一物體，one 同類不同一I lost my pen. Ihave to buy a new one.
58. that, this
that 指代上文所提到的，this 導(dǎo)出下文所要說的I was ill. That'swhy ….
59. none, nothing, no one
none 強(qiáng)調(diào)有多少，nothing, no one 強(qiáng)調(diào)有沒有，nothing 指物，no one 指人
--- How many …/ Howmuch …? --- None.
60. anyone, any one
anyone 指人，不能接 of，any one 指人物均可，可接of any one of you
61. who, what
who 指姓名或關(guān)系，what 指職業(yè)或地位What is your dad? Heis a teacher.
62. what, which
what 的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無限制的，which 在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇
Which do you prefer,bananas or apples?
63. other, another
other 后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，another 后接名詞單數(shù)other students,another student
64. not a little, not a bit
not a little 非常，not a bit 一點(diǎn)也不 I'm not a bit tired.我一點(diǎn)兒也不累。
65. many, much, a lot of
many 和可數(shù)名詞連用，much 和不可數(shù)名詞連用，a lot of 可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句
I haven't many books.
66. much more … than, many more … than
much more … than 后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，many more … than 后接可數(shù)名詞many more
people, much morewater, much more beautiful
67. no, not
no = not a/any nofriend = not a/any friend no water = not any water
68. no more than, not more than
no more than 相當(dāng)于 only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過
69. majority, most
majority 只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，most 可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可the majority ofpeople
70. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of
oneself
by oneself 單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的，for oneself 為自己，to oneself 供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，
自動(dòng)的The door opened ofitself.
71. at all, after all
at all 根本，全然, after all 到底，畢竟After all he is achild.
72. tall, high
tall 常指人或動(dòng)物，high 常指物體He is tall.
73. fast, quickly
fast 側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快的特點(diǎn)，quickly 側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快
run fast, answer thequestion quickly
74. high, highly
high 具體的高，highly 抽象的高，高度的think highly of
75. healthy, healthful
healthy 健康的，健壯的，healthful 有益于健康的healthful exercise
76. sleeping, asleep,
sleepy
sleeping 正在睡覺，asleep 睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy 困的，有睡意的
a sleeping baby Thebaby is asleep. I'm sleepy.
77. gold, golden
gold 指真金制品，golden 指金色的，但金魚用gold fish, a goldring
78. most, mostly
most 用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于 very，當(dāng)大部分，大多數(shù)解時(shí)是形容詞或名詞，
mostly 大部分，是副詞most people, the people are mostly …
79. just, very
just 表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是副詞，作狀語，very 表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是形容詞，用作定語the very man, justthe man
80. wide, broad
wide 側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離，broad 側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣broad shoulders
81. real, true
real 真的，真實(shí)的，指的是事實(shí)上存在而不是想象的，true 真的，真正的，指的是事實(shí)和實(shí)際情況相符合
real gold, a truestory
82. respectful, respectable
respectful 尊敬，有禮貌，respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的be respectful to theaged
83. outwards, outward
二者均可用作副詞，表示向外，外面，outward 還可用作形容詞an outward voyage
84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
pleasant 常用作定語，pleased, pleasing 常用作表語，pleased 主語常為人，
pleasing 主語常為物a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.
85. understanding, understandable
understanding 明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable 可理解的，能夠懂的
an understandinggirl, an understandable mistake
86. close, closely
close 接近，靠近，closely 緊緊地，緊密地closely connected,stand close
87. ill, sick
ill 做表語，sick 定，表均可a sick boy
88. good, well
good 形容詞，well 副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞He is well again.
89. quiet, silent, still
quiet 安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音，silent 不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動(dòng)，still 完全不動(dòng)，完全無聲響
He stand there still.他站在那兒，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，也不說話。
90. hard, hardly
hard 努力，hardly 幾乎不work hard, I canhardly believe it.
91. able, capable
able 與不定式 to do 連用，capable 與 of 連用He is capable ofdoing …
92. almost, nearly
二者均為“幾乎,差不多”和否定詞連用用almost almost nobody
93. late, lately
late 遲，晚，lately 最近，近來I haven't seen himlately.
94. living, alive, live, lively
living, alive, live 均為活著的，living 定表均可，alive 定表均可，定語后置，live 只能做
定語，lively 意為活波的all the living people = all the people alive
95. excited, exciting
excited 使人興奮的，exciting 令人興奮的I'm excited. Thenews is exciting.
96. deep, deeply
deep 具體的深，deeply 抽象的深，深深地deeply moved, digdeep
97. aloud, loud
aloud 出聲地，loud 大聲地 read aloud (出聲地讀)
98. worth, worthy
二者均為值得，worth 后接 doing，worthy 后接to be done126. care about, care for
care about 關(guān)心，計(jì)較，在乎，一般多用于否定句中;care for 關(guān)心，照料，喜歡，愿意
He doesn't care abouthis clothes. I don't care for movies.
99 ?catch a cold, have a cold
catch a cold 不能和表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語連用，而 have a cold 可以
She has had a coldfor a week.
100. change for, change into
change for 調(diào)換成，change into 變成
Change the shirt fora bigger one. Water changes into ice.
101. continue, last
二者均為持續(xù)，continue 主動(dòng)，被動(dòng)均可，last 只能用主動(dòng)
The warcontinued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.
102. feed, raise
feed 喂養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活，飼養(yǎng) (to give food to)，raise 飼養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育(cause to grow, bring up children)
raise the family
103. go for a doctor, go to a doctor
go for a doctor 去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生，go to a doctor 去看病
104. notice, observe, catch sight of
notice 注意到，observe 觀察，仔細(xì)地看，catch sight of 突然看到observe the stars
105. insist on, stick to
insist on 堅(jiān)持要求，后常接 doing, stick to 堅(jiān)持, 后常接sth., stick to the plan
106. look, seem,
appear
look 指從外表上看，seem 指內(nèi)心的判斷，appear 指給人以表面的印象appear wise,
look like his father
107. gather, collect
gather 把分散的東西集中到一起，collect 指精心地、有選擇地進(jìn)行收集collect stamps
108. mean to do, mean doing
mean to do 打算，想要做某事，mean doing 意思是，意味著
By this I mean givingthe students more practice.
109. die from, die of
die from 表示死于(槍)傷，虛弱，過度勞累，飲食過度等，die of 表示死于疾病，饑餓，
寒冷，年老，憂愁，失戀等精神因素die of hunger andcold
110. pay for, pay back, pay off
pay for 為…付錢，pay back 還錢，但不一定還清，pay off 還清pay for the book, pay off the debt
111. divide, separate
divide 把一個(gè)整體分成幾部分，separate 把連在一起的個(gè)體分開
divide the apple,separate the houses
112. arrive, get, reach
arrive 不及物動(dòng)詞，后接 in (大地點(diǎn))，at(小地點(diǎn))，get 不及物動(dòng)詞后接 to，reach 及物動(dòng)詞
arrive inBeijing, get toBeijing,reachBeijing
113. grow, plant
grow 使某種植物在某地生長著或使其發(fā)展下去，plant 移植，移栽已經(jīng)長成秧苗的植物
plant the trees,trees are growing
114. manage, try
manage to do 設(shè)法做成了某事，try to do 盡力去做某事但不一定成功
He tried to pass theexam, but he failed.
115. choose, select
choose 憑個(gè)人的判斷力進(jìn)行選擇，select 有目的地仔細(xì)認(rèn)真地選擇choose the bestanswer
116. build, put up, set up, found
build 一般用語，建成，put up 臨時(shí)搭建，set up 建成(內(nèi)部的設(shè)施基本齊全)，
found 國家或組織的建成put up a tent, set up a school
117. be familiar to, be familiar with
be familiar to 某物對(duì)某人來說是熟悉的，be familiar with 某人熟悉某物
The book is familiarto me. I'm familiar with the book.
118. agree with, agree to, agree on
agree with 同意某人，agree to 同意某事，agree on 在……上達(dá)成一致意見，主語是復(fù)數(shù)
agree with you, agreeto the plan
119. throw to, throw at
throw to 扔到……, throw at 朝……扔He throw a stone at me.
120. receive, accept
receive 收到某一東西，但不一定接受，accept 接受I received a gift,but I didn't accept it.
121. wear, put on, dress
wear 和 dress 表狀態(tài), wear 接衣服等，可用進(jìn)行時(shí)，dress 接人，be dressed in, put on表動(dòng)作
It's cold outside.Put on your warm clothes.
122. listen, hear
listen 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，hear 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果I listened, but Iheard nothing.
