基于 TI AM62 測試 QtWayland 部署

By Toradex秦海

1).?簡介

目前主流的?ARM?平臺嵌入式?Linux BSP?的顯示后端基本都已經從?X11?升級到了?Wayland， 而常用的?Wayland Compositor - Weston?對于?Linux?下常用的?Qt?圖形界面開發(fā)框架的一些?Plugin (比如?Qt VirtualKeyboard)?的配合并不完善，因此本文就基于?TI AM62?處理器平臺測試?Qt?提供的?Wayland Compositor - QtWayland?的部署測試。


本文所演示的平臺來自于?Toradex?Verdin?AM62?嵌入式平臺。



2.?準備

a).?Verdin AM62 ARM核心版配合Dahlia載板，并連接調試串口和?HDMI?顯示器以及?USB?觸摸/鼠標用于測試。



3).?Verdin?AM62?Yocto?Linux?編譯部署以及配置

a).?由于需要增加對Qt Eglfs/KMS, QtWayland?和?Qt VirtualKeyboard?的支持，需要通過Yocto/Openembedded?框架重新編譯?Yocto Linux BSP，具體的配置方法請參考這里，部署如下修改后編譯Reference-Multimedia?image鏡像

-------------------------------

###?local.conf，增加Qt?eglfs/kms, Qtwayland?和?Qt VirtualKeyboard?支持###

+?TOOLCHAIN_TARGET_TASK:append = " libgles3-mesa-dev"

+?IMAGE_INSTALL:append = " qtvirtualkeyboard qtwayland ttf-droid-sans ttf-droid-sans-fallback ttf-droid-sans-mono ttf-droid-serif freetype"

+?PACKAGECONFIG:append:pn-qtvirtualkeyboard = " lang-zh_CN"

+?PACKAGECONFIG:append:pn-qtbase = " gles2extra eglfs kms"

+?PACKAGECONFIG_DISTRO:pn-qtbase = "icu examples accessibility gif gbm kms libinput"

+?PACKAGECONFIG_FONTS:pn-qtbase = "fontconfig"

+?PACKAGECONFIG:remove:pn-qtwayland = "xcomposite-egl xcomposite-glx"


###?layers/meta-toradex-ti/qt5-layer/recipes-qt/qt5/qtbase_%.bbappend，注釋掉以下內容?###

############################### TDX added


# from meta-arago/conf/layer.conf

-PACKAGECONFIG_GL:am62xx = "gles2extra linuxfb"

-PACKAGECONFIG_DISTRO:am62xx = "icu examples accessibility gif gbm kms libinput"

-PACKAGECONFIG_FONTS:am62xx = "fontconfig"

+#PACKAGECONFIG_GL:am62xx = "gles2extra linuxfb"

+#PACKAGECONFIG_DISTRO:am62xx = "icu examples accessibility gif gbm kms libinput"

+#PACKAGECONFIG_FONTS:am62xx = "fontconfig"


-PACKAGECONFIG:remove:am62xx = "kms"

-PACKAGECONFIG:remove:am62xx = "vulkan"

-PACKAGECONFIG:remove:am62xx = "glib xcb"

+#PACKAGECONFIG:remove:am62xx = "kms"

+#PACKAGECONFIG:remove:am62xx = "vulkan"

+#PACKAGECONFIG:remove:am62xx = "glib xcb"

# they don't apply without changes, drop them for now

-SRC_URI:remove = " \

- ???file://0002-deform-disable-opengl-button.patch \

- ???\

- ???file://0001-deform-Fix-how-controls-are-shown.patch \

- ???file://0001-qtbase-plugins-platforms-eglfs_kms-fix-compiler-erro.patch \

- ???file://0001-eglfs-Force-888-format-only-on-env-flag.patch \

-"

+#SRC_URI:remove = " \

+# ???file://0002-deform-disable-opengl-button.patch \

+# ???\

+# ???file://0001-deform-Fix-how-controls-are-shown.patch \

+# ???file://0001-qtbase-plugins-platforms-eglfs_kms-fix-compiler-erro.patch \

+# ???file://0001-eglfs-Force-888-format-only-on-env-flag.patch \

+#"


###compile?Reference-Multimedia?image###

$?MACHINE="verdin-am62"?bitbake bitbake tdx-reference-multimedia-image


###?compile SDK###

$?MACHINE="verdin-am62"?bitbake tdx-reference-multimedia-image -c populate_sdk

-------------------------------


b).?YoctoLinux?image部署

參考這里通過Toradex?Easy?installer將上面編譯好的image更新部署到模塊


c).?顯示配置

./?HDMI默認即可正常顯示，如果實際測試是連接其他接口如?LVDS?等顯示設備，可以參考這里調整?Device-Tree Overlay?設置來使能相關的顯示設備。


./?輸入設備如?USB HID?電容式觸摸或者?USB?鼠標通常無需額外設置，插上即可使用。

?

?

4). Qtwayland compositor?編譯部署

a).?Qt?Qtwayland組件可以非常方便的使用C++/QML語言開發(fā)定制化的Wayland?compositor，詳細說明請見這里，也提供了很多sample?project供參考


b).?本文測試所使用的Qtwayland?compositor?來自于Qt?官方的?Pure-qml sample?示例，源代碼請參考這里，這是一個基于?QML?開發(fā)的并且支持?Qt VirtualKeyboard plugin?的簡單?Qtwayland?compositor


c).?參考這里說明使用上面章節(jié)?3.a編譯出的SDK文件配置QtcreatorIDE?工具交叉編譯環(huán)境，然后下載Pure-qml?工程源代碼后通過?Qtcreator IDE?進行交叉編譯，生成pure-qml?可執(zhí)行二進制文件上傳到Verdin AM62 Linux?系統中


d).?使用編譯好的pure-qml?Qtwayland compositor?替換系統默認的Weston?compositor

./?創(chuàng)建pure-qml.sh執(zhí)行腳本文件

-------------------------------

#copy?pure-qml?binary to /usr/bin

$ cp?pure-qml?/usr/bin/


#create?pure-qml.sh script,?detailed content in below

$?vi /usr/bin/pure-qml.sh


#?add executable permission

$chmod +x?pure-qml.sh

-------------------------------


./?pure-qml.sh –?由于系統DRM?掛載顯示設備在啟動過程中，其對應的card?號碼可能會變化，?因此腳本前面先對?“kms.conf”?文件里面的設置和系統啟動后的設備card0?或者?card1?進行匹配修改，然后再啟動compositor。

-------------------------------

#!/bin/sh

set -e


# modify kms.conf if seetings is not consistent with system drm card device name

if [ -d /sys/class/drm/card0-HDMI-A-1 ];then

sed -i '2 s/card1/card0/' /etc/qt5/eglfs_kms_cfg.json

fi


if [ -d /sys/class/drm/card1-HDMI-A-1 ];then

sed -i '2 s/card0/card1/' /etc/qt5/eglfs_kms_cfg.json

fi


# execute qtwayland compositor

/usr/bin/pure-qml &

-------------------------------


./?創(chuàng)建Qtwayland?systemd?service?文件，參考這里說明，Qt VirtualKeyboard?基于?Wayland Compositor?使用時候，需要在?Compositor?側配置?“QT_IM_MODULE”環(huán)境變量，而不是應用側。

-------------------------------

$ vi /lib/systemd/system/qtwayland.service

------

# This is a system unit for launching QtWayland

[Unit]

Description=Qt Wayland, a Wayland compositor, as a system service


RequiresMountsFor=/run

# Make sure we are started after logins are permitted.

Requires=systemd-user-sessions.service

After=systemd-user-sessions.service

After=plymouth-quit-wait.service

Before=graphical.target


[Service]

Environment="QT_QPA_EGLFS_KMS_CONFIG=/etc/qt5/eglfs_kms_cfg.json"

Environment="QT_QPA_EGLFS_INTEGRATION=eglfs_kms"

Environment="QT_QPA_PLATFORM=eglfs"

Environment="QT_QPA_EGLFS_KMS_ATOMIC=1"

Environment="QT_IM_MODULE=qtvirtualkeyboard"

ExecStart=/usr/bin/pure-qml.sh


User=root

Group=root

PAMName=login

StandardOutput=journal

StandardError=journal


[Install]

WantedBy=graphical.target

------

-------------------------------


e).?測試Qtwayland?compositor

-------------------------------

###disable default?Weston compositor and?Qt demo app###

$?systemctl disable?weston.service

$?systemctl disable?weston.socket

$?systemctl disable wayland-app-launch

### enable Qt wayland compositor ###

$systemctl?enable?qtwayland

$?reboot

-------------------------------


重啟后，可以看到如下?Qt Compositor pure-qml?顯示結果




5). QtVirtualKeyboard Example應用測試

a).?分別使用一個Qt?Widget應用和一個Qt?Quick應用進行測試

./?Qt?Widget應用?–?Line Edits Example，詳細說明請參考這里，源碼從這里下載，將編譯好的可執(zhí)行binary“l(fā)ineedits”?上傳到Verdin?AM62 Linux /home/root?目錄

./ Qt Quick?應用?–?Qt VirtualKeyboard Basic Example，詳細說明請參考這里，源碼從這里下載，如上面?4.d?章節(jié)所提到的，需要如下修改?main.cpp?將環(huán)境變量取消導出，然后將編譯好的可執(zhí)行binary“basic”?上傳到Verdin?AM62 Linux /home/root?目錄

-------------------------------

...

int main(int argc, char *argv[])

{

????//qputenv("QT_IM_MODULE", QByteArray("qtvirtualkeyboard"));


QGuiApplication app(argc, argv);

QQuickView view(QString("qrc:/%2").arg(MAIN_QML));

...

}

-------------------------------


b).?創(chuàng)建應用啟動腳本/home/root/qtwayland-app-launch.sh

-------------------------------

#!/bin/sh

# export display environment

export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/`id -u`

export WAYLAND_DISPLAY=/run/user/`id -u`/wayland-0

if ! test -d "$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR"; then

mkdir --parents $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR

chmod 0700 $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR

fi


# wait for qtwayland

while [ ! -e ?$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/wayland-0 ] ; do sleep 0.1; done

sleep 1

# run basic or lineedits app

/home/root/basic -platform wayland &

#/home/root/lineedits -platform wayland &

-------------------------------


c).?創(chuàng)建開機自啟動systemd?service文件

-------------------------------

$?vi /lib/systemd/system/qtwayland-app-launch.service

[Unit]

Description=Start a Qt wayland application

After=qtwayland.service

Requires=qtwayland.service


[Service]

Restart=on-failure

Type=forking

ExecStart=/home/root/qtwayland-app-launch.sh

RestartSec=1


[Install]

WantedBy=graphical.target

-------------------------------


d). enable service?并測試

-------------------------------

$?systemctl enable qtwayland-app-launch

$?reboot

-------------------------------


e).?重啟后分別啟動?basic?和?lineedits?應用效果如下，USB HID?電容觸摸和鼠標都可以正常操作虛擬鍵盤輸入



6).?總結

本文基于?Ti AM62?處理器演示了?QtWayland compositor?的部署以及?Qt VirtualKeyboard?應用的測試。

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