十一月晨讀Good-bye, Mr. Chips，通過精讀文學作品，積累實用表達。這次的晨讀筆記，我打算每天總結五個最重要或我最想記住的語言點。雖然不多，但要徹底內(nèi)化。Excelsior!
11.12 Chapter 1 & 2
1. be getting on in years
(1) 原文：When you are getting on in years (but not ill, of course), you get very sleepy at times, and the hours seem to pass like lazy cattle moving across a landscape.
(2) 解釋：漸漸老了、上了年紀
(3) 造句：When our parents are getting on in years, we should take more care of them.
2. 否定副詞 rarely 放在句首，主謂倒裝
(1) 原文：Rarely did he read more than a page of it before sleep came swiftly and peacefully, more like a mystic intensifying of perception than any changeful entrance into another world.
(2) 正常語序：He rarely read (/red/) more than a page of it...
(3) 造句：Rarely would we say like this in Chinese.
3. if
(1) 原文：
① You're one of the few lucky ones who’re going to die a really natural death. That is, of course, if you die at all. You’re such a remarkable old boy that one never knows.
② All that fuss about mixing the tea--a typical bachelor, if ever there was one.
(2) 解釋：如果...的話
(3) 造句：I could teach you the accordion, if you would like to learn at all.
4. 倒裝和強調(diào)
(1) 原文：But Brookfield he had liked, almost from the beginning*.
(2) 解釋：英文句子的首和尾為重要位置。這里將Brookfield提前至句首，表示強調(diào)。had使用斜體，亦表示強調(diào)，需要重讀。
(3) 造句：I've been learning music for more than twenty years. But the accordion I have liked, almost from the beginning.
*注：from the beginning 與 at the beginning 不同，前者表示從一開始就，后者表示在開始的時候。
5. take up
(1) 原文：Take up a firm attitude from the beginning, that's the secret of it.
(2) 解釋和造句
① 采?。篒 should take up a positive attitude from the beginning.
② 接受：I'd like to get up at six every day to take up a challenge in the morning reading group.
③ 擔任：She has the strength to take up the mantle of marketing manager.
11.13 Chapter 3 & 4
1. touch sb's cap(s) to sb
(1) 原文：He liked to smile and exchange a few words with the boys when they touched their caps to him.
(2) 解釋：= hats off to sb./ I take my hat off to 表達敬意
(3) 造句：When the Chinese astronauts returned to earth from space, I touched my cap to / took my hat off to them.
(4) 一起記憶：pat sb. on the back / give sb. a pat on the back = encourage sb.
造句：If you feel depressed, give yourself a pat on the back.
2. （過去）進行時的用法
(1) 原文：
① And Chips also would be making his comments to Mrs. Wickett when she entered his room to clear away the remains of the party.
② Will you be wanting anything else, sir?
(2) 解釋：
① 進行時更有畫面感
② 進行時、過去時和過去進行時比現(xiàn)在時更委婉
(3) 造句：
① I'm gonna leaving tomorrow morning.
② I was wondering when I would receive the goods.
3. taste
(1) 原文：His room was furnished simply and with schoolmasterly taste.
(2) 解釋：（老師的）味道、（教員喜愛的）風格；kind of things that someone likes; judgment
(3) 造句：Her office was furnished beautifully and with musicianly taste.
4. 放在句中的 despite 和 however
(1) 原文：He was not, despite his long years of assiduous teaching, a very profound classical scholar.
(2) 解釋：句首和句尾的位置可留給更重要的信息，表示轉折詞放在句中還可淡化轉折的意味
(3) 造句：They have to break up, despite they still love each other.
5. quite a / quite some
(1) 原文：Quite a character, the old boy, isn't he?
(2) 解釋：used before a none for emphasizing that sth. is unusual or interesting
(3) 造句：Quite a surprise, isn't it?
11.14 Chapter 5 & 6
1. take sth. up
(1) 原文：And there was this new craze for bicycling which was being taken up by women equally with men.
(2) 造句：There was this new craze for skateboarding which?was being taken up?by girls equally with boys.
(3) 解釋：be taken up = be attracted to
take sth. up: to become interested in a new activity and to spend time doing it
2. it was a hard job + doing (動名詞)
(1) 原文：She and her friend had to. He could scarcely walk, and it was a hard job getting him down the steep track to Wasdale.
(2) 解釋：這里 getting him down... 是 it 的同位語
(3) 造句：It is a hard job recording chamber music in a poor acoustical room.
3. 冠詞倒置
(1) 原文：... which one it was that had performed so signal a service.
(2) 解釋：冠詞通常用在形容詞前面，如 a beautiful girl，但也有幾個例外：
① 不定冠詞倒置的情況：當單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞前面的形容詞又有 so, as, how, however, too 修飾時，不定冠詞只能置于形容詞后面; 遇到 quite 和 rather 時, 多半置于其后; 遇到 such, many 和感嘆句中的 what 時，只能置于其后。
② 定冠詞倒置的情況：定冠詞遇到 all, both, quite, half, twice, double, three times 等詞語時, 通常后置。
(3) 造句：I've obtained so precise a result by trial and error.
4. 所有格+動名詞
(1) 原文：It would be all right, of course, her coming to Brookfield.
(2) 解釋：“所有格+動名詞”是更正規(guī)的用法，在口語里也常將所有格替換成主格，即 she coming to，但非正式。
(3) 造句：I'm so happy your taking part in our English learning group.
5. think of it like that / see in sb.
(1) 原文：Chips said he hadn't thought of it like that – or, at least, not often. He did his best; that was all anyone could do in any job.
(2) 拓展：see in sb. 看上某人
(3) 造句：I haven't thought of it like that. What do you see in him?
11.15 Chapter 7 & 8
1. howler
(1) 原文：Katherine scampering along the stone corridors, laughing beside him at some 'howler'in an essay he was marking, taking the ’cello part in a Mozart trio for the School concert.
(2) 解釋：低級錯誤 a stupid mistake that makes people laugh = blunder (a careless or stupid mistake)
(3) 造句：Don't make outrageous howlers.
2. leniency, forgiving, severity 對比記憶
(1) 原文：But she had not always pleaded for leniency. On rather rare occasions she urged severity where Chips was inclined to be forgiving.
(2) 解釋：
① leniency 和 forgiving 表示寬恕、饒?。粚Ρ扔洃?severity 嚴厲
② where 在這里表示在……的情況下
(3) 拓展：pleaded for leniency 表示請求寬恕，plead 和 act cute 都可以表示撒嬌
3. cocksure of oneself
(1) 原文：He's too cocksure of himself.
(2) 解釋：自以為是
(3) 造句：I don't like her at all, because she's too?cocksure of herself.
4. have it
(1) 原文：If he's looking for trouble I should certainly let him have it.
(2) 解釋：if 表示既然……；look for = ask for，也可說 sth. invites trouble；have it 表示吃苦頭；
(3) 造句：If you're looking/asking for trouble I'm gonna let you have it.
5.?treasure, better 作動詞
(1) 原文：
① ... and if that were so, what a crowd of emotions clung to him as to their last home before annihilation! He must be kind to them, must?treasure?them in his mind before their long sleep
② About 1880, after he had been at Brookfield a decade, he began to?recognise?that the odds were heavily against his being able to?better himself?by moving elsewhere
(2) 解釋：
① treasure: to keep and care for something that is very special, important, or valuable to you
treasure 在這里作為及物動詞表示珍藏，它作名詞時表示珍寶；類比?prize?作名詞表示獎品，作及物動詞表示珍視
② better oneself 在這里表示提高自己的地位或收入；類比 improve oneself 表示提高自己的學識水平
(3) 造句：
① I treasure the book that my friend has given me.
② I'll try my best to better myself in my workplace.
11.16 Chapter 9 & 10
1. otherwise
(1) 原文：He thought at first he would give up his housemastership, but the Head persuaded him otherwise.
(2) 解釋：say / think / decide etc otherwise, to say, think, or decide sth. different
(3) 造句：Some people think reciting is really important for English leaning, but others think?otherwise.
2. (just)?as... so (to)...
(1) 原文：Just as marriage had added something, so did bereavement.
(2) 解釋：正如……
(3) 造句：As she likes reading, so he likes writing.
3. be sandwiched between/in sb./sth.
(1) 原文：And on windy days with gown and white hair and School-list fluttering in uproarious confusion, the whole thing became a comic turn sandwiched between afternoon games and the return to classes.
(2) 解釋：sandwich 作動詞表示被夾在……中間
(3) 造句：Lucy is sandwiched between her husband and her mother-in-law?every day.
4. clear 作動詞
(1) 原文：And behind Brookfield, as one may glimpse a mountain behind another mountain when the mist clears, he saw the world of change and conflict.
(2) 解釋：消散、放晴
(3) 造句：After the haze cleared, Dad took me on?excursions.
5. get away with it?
(1) 原文：He gets away with it.
(2) 解釋：做壞事（錯事）而不受處分
(3) 造句：Don't let?the?criminals?get?away?with?it.
11.19 Chapter 11
1. turn
(1) 原文：Then suddenly, in 1908, when he had just turned sixty, came Ralston's urbane ultimatum.
(2) 解釋：turned 在這里作及物動詞表示到（某個年齡或時間），即剛過六十歲
(3) 拓展：turning point 轉折點
(4) 造句：It's just turned 6 o'clock. I want to sleep a little longer.
2. nevertheless
(1) 原文：Nevertheless, I suggest that you do.
(2) 解釋：= that said / that being said 盡管如此，然而
(3) 造句：Nevertheless, what he said is true.?
(4) 注意：nevertheless 的重音在后，即 /?nev?re??les/。
3.?a torrent of sth.
(1) 原文：And suddenly, in a torrent of thoughts too pressing to be put into words, Chips made answer to himself.
(2) 解釋：一連串的…… 這里表示思緒萬千
(3) 造句：I poured out a torrent of German because I thought the young man is a German.?
4. put into words
(1) 原文：And suddenly, in?a torrent of thoughts?too pressing to be put into words, Chips made answer to himself.
(2) 解釋：用語言表達
(3) 造句：It's hard to put into words, but you could comprehend it through the context.
5. duck and dustman 頭韻和借代
(1) 原文：but instead of widening them to form a genuine inclusive democracy of duke and dustman, ...
(2) 解釋：duke的本義是公爵，這里指貴族；dustman的本義是清潔工，這里指平民。
(3) 拓展：Justin 在 I am a low-class member 一文中寫道：I never forgot or attempted to ditch this part of my identity. I treat everyone equally, be him president or plumber.
(4) 造句：I treat every student equally, be his parents?duck or dustman / president?or?plumber.
11.20 Chapter 12 & 13
1. have an effect
(1) 原文：... and Ralston's straight words had, in some ways, had an effect.
(2) 解釋：有影響
(3) 拓展： take sth. to heart 往心里去
(4) 造句：His words of comfort had an effect. Don't take the harsh criticism to heart.
2. decent / decently
(1) 原文：He felt that it would not be fair to hang on if he could not decently do his job.
(2) 解釋：decent 可以表示體面的，例如 a decent job；它也可以表示許多的 a decent number of = a great number of = a lot of
(3) 造句：A decent number of people admire Tom for his decent job, but he doesn't like it at all.
3. xx years one's junior / senior
(1) 原文：Staefel was thirty years his junior, but the two men got on excellently.
(2) 解釋：比...年輕/年長...歲
(3) 拓展：“get on excellently 相處的極好”可與“hit it off 一拍即合” 一起記憶；get on with sb. 表示和...友好相處
(4) 造句：Tom is ten years Jerry's senior, but they get on excellently.
4. dine with sb.
(1) 原文：Once a term he dined with the Head, and once also with the masters.
(2) 解釋：to eat dinner with sb. (formal)
(3) 拓展：dine and dash 吃霸王餐；dine out 外出用餐
(4) 造句：Eric dined with his?foreign friends yesterday and they talked about the funny phrase "dine and dash", which means?making off without payment.
5. know the ropes
(1) 原文：You look pretty fit, and, of course, you know all the ropes.
(2) 解釋：知道內(nèi)情
(3) 造句：After talking to him I've known the ropes.
11.21 Chapter 14 & 15
1. tax
(1) 原文：He felt very fit, and the actual work was not taxing.
(2) 解釋：tax作動詞可以表示使用盡、耗盡；taxing在這里作形容詞表示使人疲勞
(3) 造句：My work is challenging?but not taxing.
2. fluke
(1) 原文：I'm like all these new colonels and majors you see everywhere – just a war-time fluke.
(2) 解釋：僥幸、意外（之喜）
(3) 造句：This result is something of a fluke.
3. It's a given...
(1) 解釋：在口語中常用，表示理所當然的
(2) 造句：It's a given that we should pay for knowledge.
4. reverberate
(1) 原文：So he went on with his Latin, speaking a little louder amidst the reverberating crashes of the guns and the shrill whine of anti-aircraft shells.
(2) 解釋：reverb 表示混響；reverberate 可以表示回響、回蕩，也可以表示震蕩，文中用了后面一層意思
(3) 造句：The words of my high school teachers still reverberate/echo in my ears.
5. give sb. a chill
(1) 原文：It had been a damp, foggy day, and the walk across the quadrangle to the dining-hall had given him a chill.
(2) 解釋：我們可以用?give sb. chills/goosebumps 表示因驚嚇使某人起雞皮疙瘩，芒刺在背
(3) 造句：Making an exhibition of myself often gives me?chills/goosebumps.
11.22 Chapter 16 & 17
1. chance
(1) 原文：He had once tried it, but had chanced to strike the Riviera during one of its carefully unadvertised cold spells.
(2) 解釋：chance在這里作動詞，chance to do sth. 表示碰巧發(fā)生
(3) 拓展：chances are 在口語中極其常用
(4) 造句：
① He chanced to be passing when she came out of her office.
② Chances are I would have been late even if I had left on time.
2. apart from
(1) 原文：Apart from the weather, which suited him, there were the continual visits of old boys.
(2) 解釋：apart form 表示除了，常見的表達還有expect, besides, other than, on top of, save
(3) 造句：Apart from /?Other than /?On top of a few words, I do not know any?Japanese at all.
3. done
(1) 原文：And, for that matter, the things he had not done, and would never do now that he had left them too late...
(2) 拓展：been there and done that 在口語中很常用
(3) 造句：Since I've been there and done that, I could understand you very well.
4. cap
(1) 原文：And it amused him to cap their joke, as it were, with one of his own.
(2) 解釋：超過（以反擊）；as it were = so to speak
(3) 造句：Every time I pulled his leg, he tried to cap it.
5. fog-laden
(1) 原文：Over the fog-laden air came the bell for call-over, tremulous and muffled.
(2) 解釋：霧氣彌漫的
(3) 拓展：表達“充滿的”除了用laden，還可以用studded, filled等
(4) 造句：Because of the?fog-laden?air Zhuge Liang used the stratagem of?Borrowing Your Enemy's Arrows.
11.23 Chapter 18
1. throw
(1) 原文：Merely that you threw a faint.
(2) 解釋：threw a faint?= fall down in a faint = faint = pass out
(3) 拓展：與throw有關的地道表達
throw racial slurs at sb.
throw a tantrum/(hissy) fit 發(fā)飆
throw a game 故意輸?shù)粲螒?/p>
throw a party 舉辦一次聚會
(4) 造句：My nephew throws a tantrum/fit when he can't have the toy he likes.
2. if you feel inclined
(1) 原文：Sleep again if you feel inclined.
(2) 解釋：= if you feel like doing it
(3) 造句：Write an After-Action Review if you feel inclined.
3. in-between
(1) 原文：It was a sort of in-between state, full of dreams and faces and voices.
(2) 解釋：介于兩者之間的
(3) 造句：He is at the?in-between age, neither a boy nor a man.
4. scrap
(1) 原文：Old scenes and old scraps of tunes...
(2) 解釋：碎片、零星
(3) 拓展：scrap作動詞可以表示廢除、叫停
(4) 造句：
① Since I wrote her?cell phone number on a scrap of paper,?I can't find it now.?
② The D&G's show was scrapped because?Gabbana threw racial slurs at China.
5. manage to do sth.
(1) 原文：...?but he managed to murmur something...
(2) 解釋：設法做成某事
(3) 拓展：easy to manage 好打理
(4) 造句：I have my own goal and manage to make it.
