全面實現(xiàn)九年制免費義務(wù)教育，建立起完整的家庭經(jīng)濟困難學生資助體系，兌現(xiàn)了“不讓一個孩子因貧困失學”的莊嚴承諾。覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的社會保障體系建設(shè)取得歷史性進展，新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險和城鎮(zhèn)居民社會養(yǎng)老保險實現(xiàn)制度全覆蓋，城鄉(xiāng)救助體系基本建立。
譯文1：We achieved comprehensive success in making nine-year compulsory education without tuition popular in every household and formed a complete funding system for students whose families are enduring economic difficulties, meeting our commitments of making every child go to school without economic concerns. We made historical achievements in the construction of social security system covering both urban and rural areas. ......(后面的不會遼)
參考譯文：We made free nine-year compulsory education fully available, established a complete financial aid system for students from poor families and fulfilled our solemn commitment of "not letting a single child drop out of school due to poverty". We made historic progress in building asocial safety net covering both urban and rural populations.The new rural pension scheme and the old-age pension scheme for non-working urban residents achieved full coverage, and an urban and ruralsocial aid system was basically established.
逐句分析：
1. “全面實現(xiàn)九年制免費義務(wù)教育，建立起完整的家庭經(jīng)濟困難學生資助體系，兌現(xiàn)了“不讓一個孩子因貧困失學”的莊嚴承諾。”
①首先判斷句子邏輯關(guān)系；“全面實現(xiàn)”和“建立起”是行動，“兌現(xiàn)了”是結(jié)果。參考譯文譯成并列關(guān)系不恰當。
②義務(wù)教育 compulsory education
家庭經(jīng)濟困難學生 students from poor families
建立 establish???? 輟學 drop out
③“解決了...問題”是一個非常典型的中文表達，中文較為抽象，翻譯時要先理解作者想要傳達的具體信息。如，“解決了看病難、看病貴的問題”就是指“看病變得更加便宜和容易”。其實這句話在英美國家的政府演講或公文中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，英文是“make medical care more affordable and accessible”。其他的例子如：“解決了人們吃水難的問題”，可譯為“provide access to drinking water for the people”；“解決了山區(qū)孩子上學難的問題”，可譯為“make schooling accessible to children in mountainous regions”或者“provide access to schooling for children in mountainous regions”。
以此類推，“全面實現(xiàn)九年制免費義務(wù)教育”就可以譯成“make free nine-year compulsory education full available/accessible”
2. “覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的社會保障體系建設(shè)取得歷史性進展，新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險和城鎮(zhèn)居民社會養(yǎng)老保險實現(xiàn)制度全覆蓋，城鄉(xiāng)救助體系基本建立。”
①邏輯關(guān)系：最后一個分句與前面兩個分句也是遞進、說明的關(guān)系。所以可以考慮使用“，ing”或者另起句子來凸顯邏輯。
② historic & historical
historic：歷史上著名的，名垂青史的
important in history；likely to be thought of as important at some time in the future
historic victory 歷史性的勝利
historical：（有關(guān)）歷史的
connected with the past or connected with the study of history
the historical background to the war 這次戰(zhàn)爭的歷史背景
historical research 史學研究
a historical novel 歷史小說
③城鎮(zhèn)居民社會養(yǎng)老保險制度
the old-agepension system for non-working urban residents
城鎮(zhèn)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險制度
urban employees' basic endowment insurances system
新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險制度
The new old-age pension system for rural residents
三大制度共同構(gòu)成我國社會養(yǎng)老保險體系
④實現(xiàn)全覆蓋 achieve full coverage
覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)在這里不能翻譯成“covering both the urban and rural areas”，而應(yīng)該翻成“covering both the urban and rural populations”，細節(jié)要注意。
