組合 / 合并操作符
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作用
組合 多個被觀察者(Observable) & 合并需要發(fā)送的事件
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常見類型

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.應用場景 & 對應操作符介紹
- concat() / concatArray()
作用
組合多個被觀察者一起發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù),合并后按發(fā)送順序串行執(zhí)行。
二者區(qū)別:組合被觀察者的數(shù)量,即concat()組合被觀察者數(shù)量≤4個,而concatArray()則可>4個。
事例:
public void ConcatOperators(View view){
// concat():組合多個被觀察者(≤4個)一起發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù) concatArray():組合多個被觀察者一起發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)(可>4個)
// 注:串行執(zhí)行
Observable.concat(Observable.just("1","2","3","4")
,Observable.just("5","6","7","8")
,Observable.just("9","10","11","12")
,Observable.just("13","14","15"))
.subscribe(new Observer<String>() {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
}
@Override
public void onNext(String s) {
Log.e("sss", "接收到了事件"+ s);
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
Log.e("sss", "對Error事件作出響應");
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
Log.e("sss", "對Complete事件作出響應");
}
});
}
2.merge() / mergeArray()
作用
組合多個被觀察者一起發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù),合并后按時間線并行執(zhí)行。
二者區(qū)別:組合被觀察者的數(shù)量,即merge()組合被觀察者數(shù)量≤4個,而mergeArray()則可>4個。
區(qū)別上述的concat() / concatArray()操作符:同樣是組合多個被觀察者一起發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù),但concat() / concatArray()操作符合并后是按發(fā)送順序串行執(zhí)行。
事例
public void MergeOperators(View view){
// merge():組合多個被觀察者(<4個)一起發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù) mergeArray() = 組合4個以上的被觀察者一起發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)
// 注:合并后按照時間線并行執(zhí)行
Observable.merge(Observable.intervalRange(0,3,1,1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
,Observable.intervalRange(6,3,1,1,TimeUnit.SECONDS))
.subscribe(new Observer<Long>() {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
}
@Override
public void onNext(Long aLong) {
Log.e("sss", "接收到了事件"+ aLong);
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
Log.e("sss", "對Error事件作出響應");
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
Log.e("sss", "對Complete事件作出響應");
}
});
}
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concatDelayError() / mergeDelayError()
作用
示意圖.png
事例
Observable.concatArrayDelayError(Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<Integer>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<Integer> emitter) throws Exception {
emitter.onNext(1);
emitter.onNext(2);
emitter.onNext(3);
emitter.onError(new Throwable());
}
}),
Observable.just(4,5,6))
.subscribe(new Observer<Integer>() {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
}
@Override
public void onNext(Integer integer) {
Log.e("sss", "接收到了事件"+ integer);
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
Log.e("sss", "對Error事件作出響應");
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
Log.e("sss", "對Complete事件作出響應");
}
});
}
4.Zip()
作用
合并 多個被觀察者(Observable)發(fā)送的事件,生成一個新的事件序列(即組合過后的事件序列),并最終發(fā)送。
事件組合方式 = 嚴格按照原先事件序列進行對位合并;最終合并的事件數(shù)量 = 多個被觀察者(Observable)中數(shù)量最少的數(shù)量。

事例
public void ZipOperators(View view) {
Observable<Integer> observable1 = Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<Integer>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<Integer> emitter) throws Exception {
Log.e("sss", "被觀察者1發(fā)送了事件1");
emitter.onNext(1);
Thread.sleep(1000);
Log.e("sss", "被觀察者1發(fā)送了事件2");
emitter.onNext(2);
Thread.sleep(1000);
Log.e("sss", "被觀察者1發(fā)送了事件3");
emitter.onNext(3);
Thread.sleep(1000);
emitter.onComplete();
}
}).subscribeOn(Schedulers.io());
Observable<String> observable2 = Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<String>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<String> emitter) throws Exception {
Log.e("sss", "被觀察者2發(fā)送了事件1");
emitter.onNext("A");
Thread.sleep(3000);
Log.e("sss", "被觀察者2發(fā)送了事件2");
emitter.onNext("B");
Thread.sleep(3000);
Log.e("sss", "被觀察者2發(fā)送了事件3");
emitter.onNext("C");
Thread.sleep(3000);
emitter.onComplete();
}
}).subscribeOn(Schedulers.io());
Observable.zip(observable1, observable2, new BiFunction<Integer, String, String>() {
@Override
public String apply(Integer integer, String s) throws Exception {
return integer + s;
}
}).subscribe(new Observer<String>() {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
}
@Override
public void onNext(String s) {
Log.e("sss", "最終接收到的事件 = " + s);
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
Log.e("sss", "對Error事件作出響應");
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
Log.e("sss", "對Complete事件作出響應");
}
});
}
5.combineLatest()
作用
當兩個Observables中的任何一個發(fā)送了數(shù)據(jù)后,將先發(fā)送了數(shù)據(jù)的Observables 的最新(最后)一個數(shù)據(jù) 與 另外一個Observable發(fā)送的每個數(shù)據(jù)結合,最終基于該函數(shù)的結果發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)。
與Zip()的區(qū)別:Zip() = 按個數(shù)合并,即1對1合并;CombineLatest() = 按時間合并,即在同一個時間點上合并。
事例
public void combineLatestOperators(View view){
Observable.combineLatest(Observable.just(1L, 2L, 3L),
Observable.intervalRange(0, 3, 1, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS),
new BiFunction<Long, Long, Long>() {
@Override
public Long apply(Long aLong, Long aLong2) throws Exception {
// aLong = 第1個Observable發(fā)送的最新(最后)1個數(shù)據(jù)
// aLong2 = 第2個Observable發(fā)送的每1個數(shù)據(jù)
Log.e("sss", "合并的數(shù)據(jù)是: "+ aLong + " "+ aLong2);
return aLong+aLong2;
}
}).subscribe(new Consumer<Long>() {
@Override
public void accept(Long aLong) throws Exception {
Log.e("sss", "合并的結果是: "+aLong);
}
});
}
6.combineLatestDelayError()
作用
類似于concatDelayError() / mergeDelayError() ,即錯誤處理,此處不作過多描述。
7.reduce()
作用
把被觀察者需要發(fā)送的事件聚合成1個事件 & 發(fā)送,聚合的邏輯根據(jù)需求撰寫,但本質(zhì)都是前2個數(shù)據(jù)聚合,然后與后1個數(shù)據(jù)繼續(xù)進行聚合,依次類推。
事例
public void reduceOperators(View view){
Observable.just(1,2,3,4)
.reduce(new BiFunction<Integer, Integer, Integer>() {
@Override
public Integer apply(Integer integer, Integer integer2) throws Exception {
return integer*integer2;
}
}).subscribe(new Consumer<Integer>() {
@Override
public void accept(Integer integer) throws Exception {
Log.e("sss", "最終計算的結果是: "+integer);
}
});
}
8.collect()
作用
將被觀察者Observable發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)事件收集到一個數(shù)據(jù)結構里。
事例
public void collectOperators(View view){
Observable.just(1,2,3,4,5,6)
.collect(new Callable<ArrayList<Integer>>() {
@Override
public ArrayList<Integer> call() throws Exception {
return new ArrayList<>();
}
}, new BiConsumer<ArrayList<Integer>, Integer>() {
@Override
public void accept(ArrayList<Integer> integers, Integer integer) throws Exception {
integers.add(integer);
}
}).subscribe(new Consumer<ArrayList<Integer>>() {
@Override
public void accept(ArrayList<Integer> integers) throws Exception {
Log.e("sss","本次發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)是: "+integers);
}
});
}
9.startWith() / startWithArray()
作用
在一個被觀察者發(fā)送事件前,追加發(fā)送一些數(shù)據(jù) / 一個新的被觀察者。
事例
public void startOperators(View view){
Observable.just(7,8,9)
.startWith(6)
.startWithArray(1,2,3)
.subscribe(new Observer<Integer>() {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
}
@Override
public void onNext(Integer integer) {
Log.e("sss", "接收到了事件"+ integer );
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
Log.e("sss", "對Error事件作出響應");
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
Log.e("sss", "對Complete事件作出響應");
}
});
}
- count()
作用
統(tǒng)計被觀察者發(fā)送事件的數(shù)量。
事例
public void countOperators(View view){
Observable.just(1,2,3,4)
.count()
.subscribe(new Consumer<Long>() {
@Override
public void accept(Long aLong) throws Exception {
Log.e("sss","接受的數(shù)量為"+aLong);
}
});
}
11總結

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實際開發(fā)中的應用
1.合并數(shù)據(jù)源展示
merge的使用
String result = "數(shù)據(jù)源來自 = " ;
public void combineDataOperators(View view){
Observable<String> observable1=Observable.just("網(wǎng)絡");
Observable<String> observable2=Observable.just("本地");
Observable.merge(observable1,observable2)
.subscribe(new Observer<String>() {
@Override
public void onSubscribe(Disposable d) {
}
@Override
public void onNext(String s) {
Log.e("sss", "數(shù)據(jù)源有: "+ s );
result += s + "+";
}
@Override
public void onError(Throwable e) {
}
@Override
public void onComplete() {
Log.e("sss", "獲取數(shù)據(jù)完成");
Log.e("sss", result );
}
});
}
zip的使用
public void togetherOperators(View view){
Retrofit retrofit=new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl("http://fy.iciba.com/")
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.addCallAdapterFactory(RxJava2CallAdapterFactory.create())
.build();
GetRequest_Interface getRequest_interface=retrofit.create(GetRequest_Interface.class);
Observable<Translation> observable1=getRequest_interface.getCall_1().subscribeOn(Schedulers.io());
Observable<Translation> observable2=getRequest_interface.getCall_2().subscribeOn(Schedulers.io());
Observable.zip(observable1, observable2, new BiFunction<Translation, Translation, String>() {
@Override
public String apply(Translation translation, Translation translation2) throws Exception {
return translation.getContent().getOut()+translation2.getContent().getOut();
}
}).observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribe(new Consumer<String>() {
@Override
public void accept(String s) throws Exception {
Log.e("sss","接受到的數(shù)據(jù)"+s);
}
}, new Consumer<Throwable>() {
@Override
public void accept(Throwable throwable) throws Exception {
}
});
}
2.從磁盤 / 內(nèi)存緩存中 獲取緩存數(shù)據(jù)
public void CacheOperators(View view){
final String memoryCache=null;
final String diskCache="從磁盤中獲取上數(shù)據(jù)";
Observable<String> memory=Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<String>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<String> emitter) throws Exception {
if (memoryCache!=null){
emitter.onNext(memoryCache);
}else {
emitter.onComplete();
}
}
});
Observable<String> disk=Observable.create(new ObservableOnSubscribe<String>() {
@Override
public void subscribe(ObservableEmitter<String> emitter) throws Exception {
if (diskCache!=null){
emitter.onNext(diskCache);
}else {
emitter.onComplete();
}
}
});
Observable<String> netWork=Observable.just("從網(wǎng)絡獲取");
Observable.concat(memory,disk,netWork)
// 通過firstElement(),從串聯(lián)隊列中取出并發(fā)送第1個有效事件(Next事件),即依次判斷檢查memory、disk、network
// a. firstElement()取出第1個事件 = memory,即先判斷內(nèi)存緩存中有無數(shù)據(jù)緩存;由于memoryCache = null,即內(nèi)存緩存中無數(shù)據(jù),所以發(fā)送結束事件(視為無效事件)
// b. firstElement()繼續(xù)取出第2個事件 = disk,即判斷磁盤緩存中有無數(shù)據(jù)緩存:由于diskCache ≠ null,即磁盤緩存中有數(shù)據(jù),所以發(fā)送Next事件(有效事件)
// c. 即firstElement()已發(fā)出第1個有效事件(disk事件),所以停止判斷。
.firstElement()
.subscribe(new Consumer<String>() {
@Override
public void accept(String s) throws Exception {
Log.e("sss","最終獲取的數(shù)據(jù)來源 = "+ s);
}
});
}
3.聯(lián)合判斷多個事件
與RxBinding聯(lián)合使用
final EditText name,pwd,verification ;
final Button list;
name=findViewById(R.id.name);
pwd=findViewById(R.id.pwd);
verification=findViewById(R.id.verification);
list=findViewById(R.id.list);
Observable<CharSequence> nameObservable= RxTextView.textChanges(name).skip(1);
Observable<CharSequence> pwdObservable= RxTextView.textChanges(pwd).skip(1);
Observable<CharSequence> verificationObservable= RxTextView.textChanges(verification).skip(1);
Observable.combineLatest(nameObservable, pwdObservable, verificationObservable, new Function3<CharSequence, CharSequence, CharSequence, Boolean>() {
@Override
public Boolean apply(CharSequence charSequence, CharSequence charSequence2, CharSequence charSequence3) throws Exception {
boolean isUserNameValid = !TextUtils.isEmpty(name.getText()) ;
// 除了設置為空,也可設置長度限制
// boolean isUserNameValid = !TextUtils.isEmpty(name.getText()) && (name.getText().toString().length() > 2 && name.getText().toString().length() < 9);
boolean isUserPwdValid = !TextUtils.isEmpty(pwd.getText());
boolean isUserVerValid = !TextUtils.isEmpty(verification.getText()) ;
return isUserNameValid&isUserPwdValid&isUserVerValid;
}
}).subscribe(new Consumer<Boolean>() {
@Override
public void accept(Boolean aBoolean) throws Exception {
list.setEnabled(aBoolean);
}
});
