1. 認(rèn)識這個詞(基礎(chǔ)篇)
詞:ill-
例句:As a matter of fact, affirmative action is a well-meaning theory at best and an ill-functioning policy at worst.
2. 體會這個詞 (進(jìn)階篇)
上周我們學(xué)習(xí)了“well-”,今天我們學(xué)習(xí)一個和它相反的前綴“ill-”,同樣是讓我們的表述更簡潔的好用表達(dá)。ill- 常和用于形容詞搭配,表示“壞/差”、“不夠…”,我們通過一些例子掌握它的用法。
比如疫苗丑聞曝光后,許多家長受一些不負(fù)責(zé)任的文章影響,不明就里地決定不再給孩子打疫苗。想描述這種現(xiàn)象,我們就可以用到 ill-informed:
After the vaccine scandal, a growing number of ill-informed parents refuse to vaccinate their children.
Justin 在一篇寫“平權(quán)運(yùn)動”(affirmative action)時就用到了 ill-:
As a matter of fact, affirmative action is a well-meaning theory at best and an ill-functioning policy at worst.
《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》中也非常頻繁地使用 ill-,比如:
Programmes and policies come and go, and are often ill-designed.(形容項(xiàng)目、政策設(shè)計有問題,就可以用 ill-designed)
Just before 10pm on April 29th Ms Rudd tendered her resignation, pitching Theresa May’s ill-starred government into yet another crisis.(ill-starred 在這里表示“運(yùn)氣不佳的”“注定失敗的”,《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》經(jīng)常用到這個表達(dá))
As Andrew Lawler recounts in “The Secret Token”, it begins in 1587 with the ill-conceived, ill-executed attempt to found the New World’s first English settlement on Roanoke Island.(ill-conceived 和 ill-executed 可以理解為“計劃不周的”和“執(zhí)行不到位的”)
3. 從認(rèn)識到會用(作業(yè))
1)翻譯下面的句子:
這個決定的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是好的,不過是不明智的。
The decision is well-designed but ill-advised.
(參考翻譯:The decision is well-intended but ill-advised.)
好的出發(fā)點(diǎn):well-intended?
不明智的:ill-advised?
2)結(jié)合自己的生活、學(xué)習(xí)、工作、興趣等,想象在什么語境下會用到這個表達(dá)。先簡要描述這個場景,再造句。
場景1:這位考生沒有準(zhǔn)備好,所以沒有通過考試。
造句1:This candidate was ill-prepared, so he failed the exam.
場景2: 欠思考的評論給他帶來很多麻煩。
造句2: An ill-judged remark troubled him a lot.