薩里大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)開(kāi)拓性研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，健康成人在高糖膳食后，血液中的脂肪含量會(huì)增加，大量脂肪會(huì)儲(chǔ)存在肝臟。
這項(xiàng)研究已經(jīng)發(fā)表在《臨床醫(yī)學(xué)》雜志上。研究人員希望通過(guò)這項(xiàng)研究來(lái)確定肝臟中脂肪的含量是否會(huì)影響糖對(duì)心血管健康的作用。實(shí)驗(yàn)觀察2組人群，這些人肝臟中的脂肪含量有的高有的低，實(shí)驗(yàn)人員為他們提供高糖膳食或低糖膳食。其中低糖膳食中糖提供的能量不超過(guò)140千卡——這個(gè)量接近推薦攝入量，高糖膳食中糖分提供650千卡。（譯者注：每1克糖提供4千卡能量。低糖膳食140千卡約為35克糖，高糖膳食650千卡約為162.5克糖。這個(gè)量實(shí)際上一般成人飲食是達(dá)不到的，文章最后專家也有提到需要注意的地方。世界衛(wèi)生組織強(qiáng)烈建議每日游離糖攝入不超過(guò)50克，推薦不超過(guò)25克）
12周的高糖膳食之后，這些人肝臟脂肪含量變高——這種情況被稱為非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD），這表示他們的脂肪代謝發(fā)生了改變，這種改變意味著他們心血管疾病、心臟病和中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)都增加了。
上文提到的脂肪代謝，是一種體內(nèi)的生物化學(xué)過(guò)程，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中脂肪會(huì)被運(yùn)輸并在血液中分解，最終被身體的細(xì)胞利用。
實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果還顯示，體內(nèi)肝臟中脂肪含量水平較低的健康成人，如果長(zhǎng)期進(jìn)行高糖膳食，他們肝臟中的脂肪含量也會(huì)增加，并且他們的脂肪代謝也會(huì)和那些患非酒精性脂肪肝人群的脂肪代謝變得相近。
營(yíng)養(yǎng)代謝專家Bruce Griffin介紹：“我們的研究提供了新的證據(jù)，證明攝入大量糖會(huì)改變身體的脂肪代謝，并因此增加心血管疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。當(dāng)然，大多數(shù)的成人并不會(huì)攝入像我們實(shí)驗(yàn)中如此大量的糖分，不過(guò)一些兒童和青少年可能會(huì)因?yàn)檫^(guò)量攝入汽水和甜食而達(dá)到這個(gè)糖分?jǐn)z入水平。這增加了我們對(duì)年輕人未來(lái)健康狀態(tài)的擔(dān)憂，特別是考慮到如今的情況：兒童和青少年令人擔(dān)憂的高非酒精性脂肪肝患病率和成年人群患致命肝病的人數(shù)在指數(shù)上升?！?/p>
Too much sugar? Even 'healthy people' are at risk of developing heart disease
A ground-breaking study from the University of Surrey found that a subject group of otherwise healthy men had increased levels of fat in their blood and fat stored in their livers after they had consumed a high sugar diet.
The study, which has been published inClinical Science, looked at two groups of men with either high or low levels of liver fat, and fed them a high or low sugar diet to find out if the amount of liver fat influences the impact of sugar on their cardiovascular health. The low sugar diet contained no more than 140 calories a day worth of sugar -- an amount close to the recommended intake -- while the high sugar diet contained 650 calories worth.
After 12 weeks on the high sugar diet, the men with a high level of liver fat -- a condition known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) -- showed changes in their fat metabolism that are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, heart attacks and strokes.
Fat metabolism is the biochemical process by which fats are transported and broken down in the blood, and used by the cells of the body.
The results also revealed that when the group of healthy men with a low level of liver fat consumed a high amount of sugar, their liver fat increased and their fat metabolism became similar to that of the men with NAFLD.
Professor of Nutritional Metabolism, Bruce Griffin, said: "Our findings provide new evidence that consuming high amounts of sugar can alter your fat metabolism in ways that could increase your risk of cardiovascular disease.
"While most adults don't consume the high levels of sugar we used in this study, some children and teenagers may reach these levels of sugar intake by over-consuming fizzy drinks and sweets. This raises concern for the future health of the younger population, especially in view of the alarmingly high prevalence of NAFLD in children and teenagers, and exponential rise of fatal liver disease in adults."
