assertThat
JUnit4.4引入了Hamcrest框架，Hamcest提供了一套匹配符Matcher，這些匹配符更接近自然語(yǔ)言，可讀性高，更加靈活
/**equalTo匹配符斷言被測(cè)的testedValue等于expectedValue，
* equalTo可以斷言數(shù)值之間，字符串之間和對(duì)象之間是否相等，相當(dāng)于Object的equals方法
*/
assertThat(testedValue, equalTo(expectedValue));
/**equalToIgnoringCase匹配符斷言被測(cè)的字符串testedString
*在忽略大小寫(xiě)的情況下等于expectedString
*/
assertThat(testedString, equalToIgnoringCase(expectedString));
/**equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace匹配符斷言被測(cè)的字符串testedString
*在忽略頭尾的任意個(gè)空格的情況下等于expectedString，
*注意：字符串中的空格不能被忽略
*/
assertThat(testedString, equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace(expectedString);
/**containsString匹配符斷言被測(cè)的字符串testedString包含子字符串subString**/
assertThat(testedString, containsString(subString) );
/**endsWith匹配符斷言被測(cè)的字符串testedString以子字符串suffix結(jié)尾*/
assertThat(testedString, endsWith(suffix));
/**startsWith匹配符斷言被測(cè)的字符串testedString以子字符串prefix開(kāi)始*/
assertThat(testedString, startsWith(prefix));
/**nullValue()匹配符斷言被測(cè)object的值為null*/
assertThat(object,nullValue());
/**notNullValue()匹配符斷言被測(cè)object的值不為null*/
assertThat(object,notNullValue());
/**is匹配符斷言被測(cè)的object等于后面給出匹配表達(dá)式*/
assertThat(testedString, is(equalTo(expectedValue)));
/**is匹配符簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)應(yīng)用之一，is(equalTo(x))的簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)，斷言testedValue等于expectedValue*/
assertThat(testedValue, is(expectedValue));
/**is匹配符簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)應(yīng)用之二，is(instanceOf(SomeClass.class))的簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)，
*斷言testedObject為Cheddar的實(shí)例
*/
assertThat(testedObject, is(Cheddar.class));
/**not匹配符和is匹配符正好相反，斷言被測(cè)的object不等于后面給出的object*/
assertThat(testedString, not(expectedString));
/**allOf匹配符斷言符合所有條件，相當(dāng)于“與”（&&）*/
assertThat(testedNumber, allOf( greaterThan(8), lessThan(16) ) );
/**anyOf匹配符斷言符合條件之一，相當(dāng)于“或”（||）*/
assertThat(testedNumber, anyOf( greaterThan(16), lessThan(8) ) );
/**closeTo匹配符斷言被測(cè)的浮點(diǎn)型數(shù)testedDouble在20.0?à0.5范圍之內(nèi)*/
assertThat(testedDouble, closeTo( 20.0, 0.5 ));
/**greaterThan匹配符斷言被測(cè)的數(shù)值testedNumber大于16.0*/
assertThat(testedNumber, greaterThan(16.0));
/** lessThan匹配符斷言被測(cè)的數(shù)值testedNumber小于16.0*/
assertThat(testedNumber, lessThan (16.0));
/** greaterThanOrEqualTo匹配符斷言被測(cè)的數(shù)值testedNumber大于等于16.0*/
assertThat(testedNumber, greaterThanOrEqualTo (16.0));
/** lessThanOrEqualTo匹配符斷言被測(cè)的testedNumber小于等于16.0*/
assertThat(testedNumber, lessThanOrEqualTo (16.0));
/**hasEntry匹配符斷言被測(cè)的Map對(duì)象mapObject含有一個(gè)鍵值為"key"對(duì)應(yīng)元素值為"value"的Entry項(xiàng)*/
assertThat(mapObject, hasEntry("key", "value" ) );
/**hasItem匹配符表明被測(cè)的迭代對(duì)象iterableObject含有元素element項(xiàng)則測(cè)試通過(guò)*/
assertThat(iterableObject, hasItem (element));
/** hasKey匹配符斷言被測(cè)的Map對(duì)象mapObject含有鍵值“key”*/
assertThat(mapObject, hasKey ("key"));
/** hasValue匹配符斷言被測(cè)的Map對(duì)象mapObject含有元素值value*/
assertThat(mapObject, hasValue(value));
