PART 1: Thoughts
? ? ? 第二周最大的收獲兩點：心理表征和刻意練習的真正意義。這是第一次接觸心理表征的說法，感覺看書就是在不斷吸收養(yǎng)分、充電，更新自己的知識的過程。而從中體悟最深就是關(guān)于“一萬小時定律”的討論，讓我突然意識到這些年自己走的“歪路”，我其實在扇貝背單詞已經(jīng)一千多天了。原來的工作一直都是與英語無關(guān)，但又不想放棄，在網(wǎng)上找了許多方法論后，最后決定用背單詞這種方式，后來越來越覺得自己就像蝸牛一樣在前進，連原版書都看不懂。今年開始決定看原版書，卻也只是看看，參加本次讀書群后才真正有些明白看書的原因和一些方法。慶幸的是自己沒有選擇放棄，人生永遠沒有太晚的開始。
PART 2: Summary
Firstly, the chapter 3 presents us with the concept of mental representations.The key benefit of mental representations lies in how they help us deal with information:understanding and interpreting it, holding it in memory, organizing it, analyzing it, and making decisions with it.And,the virtuous circle rules: honing the skill improves mental representation, and mental representation helps hone the skill.Furthermore,The main purpose of deliberate practice is to develop effective mental representations, and,mental representations in turn play a key role in deliberate practice.
Then, we see the 7 traits of deliberate practice in chapter 4:be designed and overseen by a teacher or coach,outside one’s comfort zone,well-defined,full attention and conscious actions,feedback and modification,effective mental representations, particular aspects of those skills and working to improve them specifically. More generally, learning from the best predecessors is the most important element to generate rapid improvements in the field.Furthermore,they will look at more than the answer to a problem and offer advice on how to think more effectively about the problem.
More importantly, the author reminds us ten thousands hours is only halfway down to the road of success. We also need to master training techniques and constantly find ways to get better.
PART 3: Words and Expression
1.… even facts that at first might not seem germane.
germane表示“有密切觀點的”，我們可以用它來替換“be closely related”，這個詞的用啊是be germane to。
2…with twenty-five wins, two losses, and nineteen draws.
draw作名詞可以表示：打平局，相當于an even score，類似的表達還有tie。
3. The event that triggered Alekhine’s interest in blindfold chess was 1902 exhibition…
后面出現(xiàn)了類似的句子：...an interruption that rekindled his interest in blindfold chess.
我們學(xué)到了可以用trigger或者kindle來修飾interest。
4.… make possible their incredible ability to analyze chess positions and zero in on the best moves.
zero in on這個表達在全書共出現(xiàn)了7次之多,zero作動詞表示“瞄準”，zero in on除了“瞄準”外，還可以表示“全神貫注于某事“，用這個表達來替換你每次都會用的"pay attention to"是不是不錯？
5....so to have an apples-to-apples comparison, we looked at the accumulated amount of practice through age seventeen and the skill level at age eighteen.
apples-to-apples comparison, 從字面上看，拿蘋果和蘋果對比，不難理解為是“同類之間的對比”，be used to describe a comparison between two things that are similar in nature.
6.Other activities, like classical music performance, mathematics, and ballet, are blessed with highly developed, broadly accepted training methods.
be blessed with something, 表示“具有...的；賦有...的”，to have a special ability, good quality etc.
例句：The city is blessed with an excellent location.
7.原文：The improvement in performance generally has gone hand in hand with the development of teaching methods.
gone hand in hand with與...密切相關(guān)
8.It was clear to me that his method was similar to Steve’s in spirit but quite different — and much more carefully designed — in its details.
in spirit在這里的意思是“in nature”，即“本質(zhì)”上。in spirit也可以表示“精神上”，例如In spirit I was with you here. 我在精神上支持你。
9. come down to; boil down to，都是表示“說到底就是…“可以一起記：
They identify the best practitioners — an easy task because it comes down to who can memorize the most digits…
In practice this oftenboils down topurposeful practice with a few extra steps.
10.Thus a good rule of thumb is to seek out people who work intimately with many other professionals
rule of thumb是由經(jīng)驗和常識得來的法則，盡管這條法則可能缺乏科學(xué)依據(jù)，但是一般情況下都行得通
11.… but you have only scratched the surface
scratch the surface就是“淺嘗輒止"
12. Gladwell offered a catchy phrase: “the ten-thousand-hour rule.”
catchy phrase：朗朗上口的經(jīng)典語句，流行語
13.keep this one thing at the front of your mind: subjective judgments are inherently vulnerable to all sorts of biases.
at the back of one's mind 在大腦中醞釀
superstars-in-waiting 明日之星
step on a cat’s tail and listen to the sounds that result
draw a clear distinction between A and B
recharge one’s battery with a full night’s sleep
virtuous circle 良性循環(huán) → vicious circle 惡性循環(huán)
