OUTLIVE
英英釋義:live or last longer than
例句:The one-child policy had?outlived?its usefulness.
2. 體會(huì)這個(gè)詞 (進(jìn)階篇)
“outlive”的基本意思是“比…活得長(zhǎng)”、“比…持久”,例如 He outlived his wife. Outlive 還經(jīng)常和 one’s usefulness 搭配使用,表示某人或某物不再有用。想說(shuō):“你現(xiàn)在對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō),已經(jīng)沒(méi)什么用了”,就可以說(shuō):Now you have outlived your usefulness to me.?
我們想表達(dá)“no longer useful”時(shí),就可以用到 outlive one’s usefulness 這個(gè)常見表達(dá)。例如某個(gè)政策雖然還存在,但是實(shí)際上已經(jīng)沒(méi)有效力了,這時(shí)就可以說(shuō): The one-child policy had outlived its usefulness.(注意這里的時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去完成時(shí)。由于計(jì)劃生育政策已經(jīng)被廢除了,存在于廢除這個(gè)動(dòng)作的過(guò)去,所以使用了過(guò)去完成時(shí)。)
類似地,“在創(chuàng)業(yè)公司,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的作息制度早已形同虛設(shè)”就可以說(shuō):In startups the conventional/standard work schedule, i.e. from 9 am to 5 pm, has long since outlived its usefulness.(很多創(chuàng)業(yè)公司采用的是“996”模式,早 9 點(diǎn)到晚 9 點(diǎn),一周上 6 天班。)
個(gè)人拓展:
OUTLIVE vs. SURVIVE
兩者都有“比…活得長(zhǎng)”的意思。但是survive的直接賓語(yǔ)要么是一個(gè)親人,要么是一件負(fù)面的事件;outlive的直接賓語(yǔ)則可以是沒(méi)有親屬關(guān)系的人或是任何性質(zhì)的事件。
//outlive its usefulness/purpose
背句子:
The UN is an organisation which has long since?outlived its usefulness.形同虛設(shè)
Dave’s problem is not that he has a tangible lack of wealth, but that he has the intangible fear of?outliving?his assets. 錢花完了人還沒(méi)死