1、進(jìn)入外文數(shù)據(jù)庫： https://link.springer.com/

檢索以下主題：ontology AND "wordnet"

檢索結(jié)果按出版時(shí)間排序，寫出最近發(fā)表的1篇文章題目，摘要，刊物名稱，作者。

（將文章題目和摘要翻譯成中文）

Knowledge Graphs: Opportunities and Challenges 知識(shí)圖譜：機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)

Abstract

With the explosive growth of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data, it has become vitally important to organize and represent the enormous volume of knowledge appropriately. As graph data, knowledge graphs accumulate and convey knowledge of the real world. It has been well-recognized that knowledge graphs effectively represent complex information; hence, they rapidly gain the attention of academia and industry in recent years. Thus to develop a deeper understanding of knowledge graphs, this paper presents a systematic overview of this field. Specifically, we focus on the opportunities and challenges of knowledge graphs. We first review the opportunities of knowledge graphs in terms of two aspects: (1) AI systems built upon knowledge graphs; (2) potential application fields of knowledge graphs. Then, we thoroughly discuss severe technical challenges in this field, such as knowledge graph embeddings, knowledge acquisition, knowledge graph completion, knowledge fusion, and knowledge reasoning. We expect that this survey will shed new light on future research and the development of knowledge graphs.

隨著人工智能（AI）和大數(shù)據(jù)的爆炸式增長(zhǎng)，適當(dāng)?shù)亟M織和表示龐大的知識(shí)量變得至關(guān)重要。知識(shí)圖作為圖形數(shù)據(jù)，積累和傳遞真實(shí)世界的知識(shí)。眾所周知，知識(shí)圖有效地表示了復(fù)雜的信息；因此，近年來它們迅速受到學(xué)術(shù)界和工業(yè)界的關(guān)注。因此，為了加深對(duì)知識(shí)圖的理解，本文對(duì)該領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的概述。具體來說，我們關(guān)注知識(shí)圖譜的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)。我們首先從兩個(gè)方面回顧了知識(shí)圖的機(jī)會(huì)：（1）基于知識(shí)圖的人工智能系統(tǒng)；（2） 知識(shí)圖的潛在應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。然后，我們深入討論了該領(lǐng)域面臨的嚴(yán)峻技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)，如知識(shí)圖嵌入、知識(shí)獲取、知識(shí)圖完成、知識(shí)融合和知識(shí)推理。我們希望這項(xiàng)調(diào)查將為知識(shí)圖譜的未來研究和發(fā)展提供新的線索。

Artificial Intelligence Review

Ciyuan Peng, Feng Xia, Mehdi Naseriparsa & Francesco Osborne

2、學(xué)習(xí)wordnet：https://wordnet.princeton.edu/

分別檢索 ontology；cognition；Multilingual

寫出這些單詞的釋義和詞性及詞的語義關(guān)系。

Noun

S: (n) ontology ((computer science) a rigorous and exhaustive organization of some knowledge domain that is usually hierarchical and contains all the relevant entities and their relations)

S: (n) ontology (the metaphysical study of the nature of being and existence)

Noun

S: (n) cognition, knowledge, noesis (the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning)

Adjective

S: (adj) multilingual (using or knowing more than one language) "a multilingual translator"; "a multilingual nation"

3、進(jìn)入中國知網(wǎng)：https://www.cnki.net/

檢索“wordnet”主題相關(guān)論文，撰寫一篇“wordnet”研究文獻(xiàn)綜述，要求不少于1000字，參考文獻(xiàn)不少于10篇。