iOS連接外設(shè)的代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)流程

iOS連接外設(shè)的代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)流程

1. 建立中心角色

2. 掃描外設(shè)（discover）

3. 連接外設(shè)(connect)

4. 掃描外設(shè)中的服務(wù)和特征(discover)

- 4.1 獲取外設(shè)的services

- 4.2 獲取外設(shè)的Characteristics,獲取Characteristics的值，獲取Characteristics的Descriptor和Descriptor的值

5. 與外設(shè)做數(shù)據(jù)交互(explore and interact)

6. 訂閱Characteristic的通知

7. 斷開(kāi)連接(disconnect)

準(zhǔn)備環(huán)境

1 Xcode

2 開(kāi)發(fā)證書(shū)和手機(jī)（藍(lán)牙程序需要使用使用真機(jī)調(diào)試，使用模擬器也可以調(diào)試，但是方法很蛋疼，我會(huì)放在最后說(shuō)）

3 藍(lán)牙外設(shè)

實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟

1 導(dǎo)入CoreBluetooth頭文件，建立主設(shè)備管理類(lèi)，設(shè)置主設(shè)備委托

#import@interface?ViewController?:?UIViewController@interface?ViewController?(){

//系統(tǒng)藍(lán)牙設(shè)備管理對(duì)象，可以把他理解為主設(shè)備，通過(guò)他，可以去掃描和鏈接外設(shè)

CBCentralManager?*manager;

}

-?(void)viewDidLoad?{

[super?viewDidLoad];

/*

設(shè)置主設(shè)備的委托,CBCentralManagerDelegate

必須實(shí)現(xiàn)的：

-?(void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager?*)central;//主設(shè)備狀態(tài)改變的委托，在初始化CBCentralManager的適合會(huì)打開(kāi)設(shè)備，只有當(dāng)設(shè)備正確打開(kāi)后才能使用

其他選擇實(shí)現(xiàn)的委托中比較重要的：

-?(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?advertisementData:(NSDictionary?*)advertisementData?RSSI:(NSNumber?*)RSSI;?//找到外設(shè)的委托

-?(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral;//連接外設(shè)成功的委托

-?(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?error:(NSError?*)error;//外設(shè)連接失敗的委托

-?(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?error:(NSError?*)error;//斷開(kāi)外設(shè)的委托

*/

//初始化并設(shè)置委托和線程隊(duì)列，最好一個(gè)線程的參數(shù)可以為nil，默認(rèn)會(huì)就main線程

manager?=?[[CBCentralManager?alloc]initWithDelegate:self?queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];

2 掃描外設(shè)（discover），掃描外設(shè)的方法我們放在centralManager成功打開(kāi)的委托中，因?yàn)橹挥性O(shè)備成功打開(kāi)，才能開(kāi)始掃描，否則會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)。

-(void)centralManagerDidUpdateState:(CBCentralManager?*)central{

switch?(central.state)?{

case?CBCentralManagerStateUnknown:

NSLog(@">>>CBCentralManagerStateUnknown");

break;

case?CBCentralManagerStateResetting:

NSLog(@">>>CBCentralManagerStateResetting");

break;

case?CBCentralManagerStateUnsupported:

NSLog(@">>>CBCentralManagerStateUnsupported");

break;

case?CBCentralManagerStateUnauthorized:

NSLog(@">>>CBCentralManagerStateUnauthorized");

break;

case?CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOff:

NSLog(@">>>CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOff");

break;

case?CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOn:

NSLog(@">>>CBCentralManagerStatePoweredOn");

//開(kāi)始掃描周?chē)耐庠O(shè)

/*

第一個(gè)參數(shù)nil就是掃描周?chē)械耐庠O(shè)，掃描到外設(shè)后會(huì)進(jìn)入

-?(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?advertisementData:(NSDictionary?*)advertisementData?RSSI:(NSNumber?*)RSSI;

*/

[manager?scanForPeripheralsWithServices:nil?options:nil];

break;

default:

break;

}

}

//掃描到設(shè)備會(huì)進(jìn)入方法

-(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?advertisementData:(NSDictionary?*)advertisementData?RSSI:(NSNumber?*)RSSI{

NSLog(@"當(dāng)掃描到設(shè)備:%@",peripheral.name);

//接下來(lái)可以連接設(shè)備

}

3 連接外設(shè)(connect)

//掃描到設(shè)備會(huì)進(jìn)入方法

-(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didDiscoverPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?advertisementData:(NSDictionary?*)advertisementData?RSSI:(NSNumber?*)RSSI{

//接下連接我們的測(cè)試設(shè)備，如果你沒(méi)有設(shè)備，可以下載一個(gè)app叫l(wèi)ightbule的app去模擬一個(gè)設(shè)備

//這里自己去設(shè)置下連接規(guī)則，我設(shè)置的是P開(kāi)頭的設(shè)備

if?([peripheral.name?hasPrefix:@"P"]){

/*

一個(gè)主設(shè)備最多能連7個(gè)外設(shè)，每個(gè)外設(shè)最多只能給一個(gè)主設(shè)備連接,連接成功，失敗，斷開(kāi)會(huì)進(jìn)入各自的委托

-?(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral;//連接外設(shè)成功的委托

-?(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?error:(NSError?*)error;//外設(shè)連接失敗的委托

-?(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?error:(NSError?*)error;//斷開(kāi)外設(shè)的委托

*/

//連接設(shè)備

[manager?connectPeripheral:peripheral?options:nil];

}

}

//連接到Peripherals-成功

-?(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral

{

NSLog(@">>>連接到名稱為（%@）的設(shè)備-成功",peripheral.name);

}

//連接到Peripherals-失敗

-(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didFailToConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?error:(NSError?*)error

{

NSLog(@">>>連接到名稱為（%@）的設(shè)備-失敗,原因:%@",[peripheral?name],[error?localizedDescription]);

}

//Peripherals斷開(kāi)連接

-?(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didDisconnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?error:(NSError?*)error{

NSLog(@">>>外設(shè)連接斷開(kāi)連接?%@:?%@\n",?[peripheral?name],?[error?localizedDescription]);

}

4 掃描外設(shè)中的服務(wù)和特征(discover)

設(shè)備連接成功后，就可以掃描設(shè)備的服務(wù)了，同樣是通過(guò)委托形式，掃描到結(jié)果后會(huì)進(jìn)入委托方法。但是這個(gè)委托已經(jīng)不再是主設(shè)備的委托（CBCentralManagerDelegate），而是外設(shè)的委托（CBPeripheralDelegate）,這個(gè)委托包含了主設(shè)備與外設(shè)交互的許多 回叫方法，包括獲取services，獲取characteristics，獲取characteristics的值，獲取characteristics的Descriptor，和Descriptor的值，寫(xiě)數(shù)據(jù)，讀rssi，用通知的方式訂閱數(shù)據(jù)等等。

4.1 獲取外設(shè)的services

//連接到Peripherals-成功????????-?(void)centralManager:(CBCentralManager?*)central?didConnectPeripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral????????{????????????NSLog(@">>>連接到名稱為（%@）的設(shè)備-成功",peripheral.name);????????????//設(shè)置的peripheral委托CBPeripheralDelegate????????????//@interface?ViewController?:?UIViewController[peripheral?setDelegate:self];

//掃描外設(shè)Services，成功后會(huì)進(jìn)入方法：-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?didDiscoverServices:(NSError?*)error{

[peripheral?discoverServices:nil];

}

//掃描到Services

-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?didDiscoverServices:(NSError?*)error{

//??NSLog(@">>>掃描到服務(wù)：%@",peripheral.services);

if?(error)

{

NSLog(@">>>Discovered?services?for?%@?with?error:?%@",?peripheral.name,?[error?localizedDescription]);

return;

}

for?(CBService?*service?in?peripheral.services)?{

NSLog(@"%@",service.UUID);

//掃描每個(gè)service的Characteristics，掃描到后會(huì)進(jìn)入方法：?-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService?*)service?error:(NSError?*)error

[peripheral?discoverCharacteristics:nil?forService:service];

}

}

4.2 獲取外設(shè)的Characteristics,獲取Characteristics的值，獲取Characteristics的Descriptor和Descriptor的值

//掃描到Characteristics

-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?didDiscoverCharacteristicsForService:(CBService?*)service?error:(NSError?*)error{

if?(error)

{

NSLog(@"error?Discovered?characteristics?for?%@?with?error:?%@",?service.UUID,?[error?localizedDescription]);

return;

}

for?(CBCharacteristic?*characteristic?in?service.characteristics)

{

NSLog(@"service:%@?的?Characteristic:?%@",service.UUID,characteristic.UUID);

}

//獲取Characteristic的值，讀到數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)進(jìn)入方法：-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic?*)characteristic?error:(NSError?*)error

for?(CBCharacteristic?*characteristic?in?service.characteristics){

{

[peripheral?readValueForCharacteristic:characteristic];

}

}

//搜索Characteristic的Descriptors，讀到數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)進(jìn)入方法：-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?didDiscoverDescriptorsForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic?*)characteristic?error:(NSError?*)error

for?(CBCharacteristic?*characteristic?in?service.characteristics){

[peripheral?discoverDescriptorsForCharacteristic:characteristic];

}

}

//獲取的charateristic的值

-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?didUpdateValueForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic?*)characteristic?error:(NSError?*)error{

//打印出characteristic的UUID和值

//!注意，value的類(lèi)型是NSData，具體開(kāi)發(fā)時(shí)，會(huì)根據(jù)外設(shè)協(xié)議制定的方式去解析數(shù)據(jù)

NSLog(@"characteristic?uuid:%@??value:%@",characteristic.UUID,characteristic.value);

}

//搜索到Characteristic的Descriptors

-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?didDiscoverDescriptorsForCharacteristic:(CBCharacteristic?*)characteristic?error:(NSError?*)error{

//打印出Characteristic和他的Descriptors

NSLog(@"characteristic?uuid:%@",characteristic.UUID);

for?(CBDescriptor?*d?in?characteristic.descriptors)?{

NSLog(@"Descriptor?uuid:%@",d.UUID);

}

}

//獲取到Descriptors的值

-(void)peripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral?didUpdateValueForDescriptor:(CBDescriptor?*)descriptor?error:(NSError?*)error{

//打印出DescriptorsUUID?和value

//這個(gè)descriptor都是對(duì)于characteristic的描述，一般都是字符串，所以這里我們轉(zhuǎn)換成字符串去解析

NSLog(@"characteristic?uuid:%@??value:%@",[NSString?stringWithFormat:@"%@",descriptor.UUID],descriptor.value);

}

5 把數(shù)據(jù)寫(xiě)到Characteristic中

//寫(xiě)數(shù)據(jù)

-(void)writeCharacteristic:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral

characteristic:(CBCharacteristic?*)characteristic

value:(NSData?*)value{

//打印出?characteristic?的權(quán)限，可以看到有很多種，這是一個(gè)NS_OPTIONS，就是可以同時(shí)用于好幾個(gè)值，常見(jiàn)的有read，write，notify，indicate，知知道這幾個(gè)基本就夠用了，前連個(gè)是讀寫(xiě)權(quán)限，后兩個(gè)都是通知，兩種不同的通知方式。

/*

typedef?NS_OPTIONS(NSUInteger,?CBCharacteristicProperties)?{

CBCharacteristicPropertyBroadcast??????????????????????????????????????????????=?0x01,

CBCharacteristicPropertyRead???????????????????????????????????????????????????=?0x02,

CBCharacteristicPropertyWriteWithoutResponse???????????????????????????????????=?0x04,

CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite??????????????????????????????????????????????????=?0x08,

CBCharacteristicPropertyNotify?????????????????????????????????????????????????=?0x10,

CBCharacteristicPropertyIndicate???????????????????????????????????????????????=?0x20,

CBCharacteristicPropertyAuthenticatedSignedWrites??????????????????????????????=?0x40,

CBCharacteristicPropertyExtendedProperties?????????????????????????????????????=?0x80,

CBCharacteristicPropertyNotifyEncryptionRequired?NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(NA,?6_0)????????=?0x100,

CBCharacteristicPropertyIndicateEncryptionRequired?NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE(NA,?6_0)??=?0x200

};

*/

NSLog(@"%lu",?(unsigned?long)characteristic.properties);

//只有?characteristic.properties?有write的權(quán)限才可以寫(xiě)

if(characteristic.properties?&?CBCharacteristicPropertyWrite){

/*

最好一個(gè)type參數(shù)可以為CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse或type:CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse,區(qū)別是是否會(huì)有反饋

*/

[peripheral?writeValue:value?forCharacteristic:characteristic?type:CBCharacteristicWriteWithResponse];

}else{

NSLog(@"該字段不可寫(xiě)！");

}

}

6 訂閱Characteristic的通知

//設(shè)置通知

-(void)notifyCharacteristic:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral

characteristic:(CBCharacteristic?*)characteristic{

//設(shè)置通知，數(shù)據(jù)通知會(huì)進(jìn)入：didUpdateValueForCharacteristic方法

[peripheral?setNotifyValue:YES?forCharacteristic:characteristic];

}

//取消通知

-(void)cancelNotifyCharacteristic:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral

characteristic:(CBCharacteristic?*)characteristic{

[peripheral?setNotifyValue:NO?forCharacteristic:characteristic];

}

7 斷開(kāi)連接(disconnect)

//停止掃描并斷開(kāi)連接

-(void)disconnectPeripheral:(CBCentralManager?*)centralManager

peripheral:(CBPeripheral?*)peripheral{

//停止掃描

[centralManager?stopScan];

//斷開(kāi)連接

[centralManager?cancelPeripheralConnection:peripheral];

}

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