場(chǎng)景
當(dāng)今每個(gè)人都有追求高品質(zhì)生活的能力或需求。相信你也不例外，現(xiàn)在你在陪男朋友(或女朋友)在咖啡廳里點(diǎn)咖啡。(咖啡廳里只有一個(gè)店員)你告訴店員說(shuō)：我要一杯拿鐵；此時(shí)你男朋友（或女朋友）說(shuō)：我要一杯卡布基諾。你喝到拿鐵并贊嘆：“我覺(jué)得口味偏奶氣”，你男朋友喝到卡布基諾并贊嘆：“我覺(jué)得口味糖分比較多”
代碼
public class Drink {
private String name;
private String taste;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getTaste() {
return taste;
}
public void setTaste(String taste) {
this.taste = taste;
}
}
public class Mocha extends Drink {
public Mocha(){
super.setName("mocha");
super.setTaste("hot chocolate");
}
}
public class Cappuccino extends Drink {
public Cappuccino(){
super.setName("cappuccino");
super.setTaste("rich milk coffee");
}
}
public class Customer {
public void drinking(String drinkName) {
Drink drink = Waiter.makeDrink(drinkName);
System.out.println("我覺(jué)得口味"+drink.getTaste());
}
}
public class Waiter {
public static Drink makeDrink(String drinkName) {
Drink drink = null;
if(StringUtils.equals(drinkName, "latte")){
drink = new Latte();
} else if(StringUtils.equals(drinkName, "cappuccino")) {
drink = new Cappuccino();
} else if(StringUtils.equals(drinkName, "mocha")) {
drink = new Mocha();
}
return drink;
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Customer me = new Customer();
me.drinking("latte");
Customer he = new Customer();
he.drinking("cappuccino");
}
}
簡(jiǎn)單工廠
概念
靜態(tài)工廠方法模式（Static FactoryMethod Pattern）,是通過(guò)專門定義一個(gè)類來(lái)負(fù)責(zé)創(chuàng)建其他類的實(shí)例，被創(chuàng)建的實(shí)例通常都具有共同的父類。
注意:一般簡(jiǎn)單工廠要么是靜態(tài)方法提供，要么是以單例存在。
類圖
屏幕快照 2017-06-17 上午1.16.29.png
場(chǎng)景
大型的酒店后廚里，都有很多類型的廚師?，F(xiàn)在你來(lái)酒店點(diǎn)單，你點(diǎn)了如下單品：日式拉面、牛排再來(lái)個(gè)松子桂魚。訂單到廚師長(zhǎng)手里，后廚利有：
- 日式廚師，擅長(zhǎng)：生魚片、日式拉面；
- 歐式廚師，擅長(zhǎng)：牛排、意大利面;
- 中式廚師，擅長(zhǎng)：東北亂燉、松子桂魚;
那對(duì)于廚師長(zhǎng)來(lái)說(shuō)怎么安排工作呢？使用代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)廚師長(zhǎng)工作安排。
代碼
public class JapaneseNoodles extends Food {
public JapaneseNoodles(){
setName("Japanese_noodles");
setTaste("好吃還有豚骨口味");
}
}
public interface IChef {
public Food makeFood(String foodName);
public List<String> supportFoodName();
}
public class ChineseChef implements IChef {
public List<String> supportFoodName() {
return new ArrayList<String>(){
{
add("東北亂燉");
add("松子桂魚");
}
};
}
public Food makeFood(String foodName) {
if(StringUtils.equals(foodName, "東北亂燉")) {
return new NortheastChaosStew();
}
if(StringUtils.equals(foodName, "松子桂魚")){
return new PineNutfish();
}
throw new RuntimeException("我不擅長(zhǎng)你點(diǎn)的菜品："+ foodName);
}
}
public class EuropeanChef implements IChef{
public List<String> supportFoodName() {
return new ArrayList<String>(){
{
add("Steak");
add("spaghetti");
}
};
}
public Food makeFood(String foodName) {
if(StringUtils.equals(foodName, "Steak")) {
return new Steak();
} else if(StringUtils.equals(foodName, "spaghetti")) {
return new Spaghetti();
}
throw new RuntimeException("我不擅長(zhǎng)你點(diǎn)的菜品："+ foodName);
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
IChef chineseChef = new ChineseChef();
Food chinaFood = chineseChef.makeFood("Japanese_noodles");
System.out.println(chinaFood.getTaste());
IChef japanChef = new JapaneseChef();
Food japanFood = japanChef.makeFood("Japanese_noodles");
System.out.println(japanFood.getTaste());
}
}
工廠方法
概念
定義一個(gè)用于創(chuàng)建對(duì)象的接口，讓子類決定實(shí)例化哪一個(gè)類，工廠方法使一個(gè)類的實(shí)例化延遲到其子類。
類圖
屏幕快照 2017-06-17 上午1.52.26.png
場(chǎng)景：
現(xiàn)在車輪廠、車架廠和車座廠商給做車的廠商提供基礎(chǔ)材料，車場(chǎng)出很品牌很多類型的車，請(qǐng)實(shí)現(xiàn)此功能
代碼
public class Wheel {
private String size;
private String model;
public String getSize() {
return size;
}
public void setSize(String size) {
this.size = size;
}
public String getModel() {
return model;
}
public void setModel(String model) {
this.model = model;
}
}
public class MiqlWheel extends Wheel {
public void MiqlWheel() {
setModel("miqilin");
setSize("large");
}
}
public class WheelFactory {
public Wheel getWheel(String wheelModel){
if(StringUtils.equals(wheelModel, "miql")){
return new MiqlWheel();
}
return null;
}
}
public class Frame {
private String size;
private String color;
public String getSize() {
return size;
}
public void setSize(String size) {
this.size = size;
}
public String getColor() {
return color;
}
public void setColor(String color) {
this.color = color;
}
}
public class TaiFrame extends Frame {
public TaiFrame(){
setColor("yellow");
setSize("large");
}
}
public class FrameFactory {
public Frame makeFrame(String frameName) {
if(StringUtils.equals("taiFrame", frameName)) {
return new TaiFrame();
}
return null;
}
}
public interface ICarFactory {
public Wheel getWheel(String wheelName);
public Frame getFrame(String frameName);
}
public class AutoCarFactory implements ICarFactory {
private FrameFactory frameFactory = new FrameFactory();
private WheelFactory wheelFactory = new WheelFactory();
public Wheel getWheel(String wheelName) {
return wheelFactory.getWheel(wheelName);
}
public Frame getFrame(String frameName) {
return frameFactory.makeFrame(frameName);
}
}
如果需要增加材料廠，只需要增加材料選擇工廠，提供方法，對(duì)原有的接口提供無(wú)變化。
抽象工廠
概念
抽象工廠模式圍繞一個(gè)超級(jí)工廠，創(chuàng)造其他工廠。這個(gè)工廠也被稱為工廠的工廠。提供一個(gè)創(chuàng)建一系列相關(guān)或相互依賴對(duì)象的接口，而無(wú)需指定他們具體的類
類圖
屏幕快照 2017-06-17 上午2.36.23.png
