R語(yǔ)言使用plot函數(shù)可視化數(shù)據(jù)、使用type參數(shù)自定義設(shè)置可視化的類型(數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)和線關(guān)系的類型)、設(shè)置type參數(shù)為p只有數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)沒(méi)有線條
R 是一個(gè)有著統(tǒng)計(jì)分析功能及強(qiáng)大作圖功能的軟件系統(tǒng),是由奧克蘭大學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)系的Ross Ihaka 和 Robert Gentleman 共同創(chuàng)立。由于R 受Becker, Chambers & Wilks 創(chuàng)立的S 和Sussman 的Scheme 兩種語(yǔ)言的影響,所以R 看起來(lái)和S 語(yǔ)言非常相似。
R語(yǔ)言被稱作R的部分是因?yàn)閮晌籖 的作者(Robert Gentleman 和Ross Ihaka) 的姓名,部分是受到了貝爾實(shí)驗(yàn)室S 語(yǔ)言的影響(稱其為S 語(yǔ)言的方言)。
R 語(yǔ)言是為數(shù)學(xué)研究工作者設(shè)計(jì)的一種數(shù)學(xué)編程語(yǔ)言,主要用于統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、繪圖、數(shù)據(jù)挖掘。
R語(yǔ)言原生plot函數(shù)能夠滿足基礎(chǔ)可視化的絕大部分功能;
Function and argumentsOutput plot
plot(x, y)數(shù)值向量的散點(diǎn)圖、Scatterplot of x and y numeric vectors
plot(factor)因子變量的柱狀圖、Barplot of the factor
plot(factor, y)數(shù)據(jù)變量的箱圖;Boxplot of the numeric vector
and the levels of the factor
plot(time_series)時(shí)間序列圖、Time series plot
plot(data_frame)dataframe中數(shù)據(jù)的相關(guān)性圖;Correlation plot of all
dataframe columns
(more than two columns)
plot(date, y)可視化日期向量;Plots a date-based vector
plot(function, lower, upper)可視化函數(shù)的曲線;Plot of the function between the lower
and maximum value specified
plot函數(shù)中type參數(shù)的常用值;
Plot typeDescription
p數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn);Points plot (default)
l線圖;Line plot
b點(diǎn)和線;Both (points and line)
o點(diǎn)和線、連接起來(lái)的;Both (overplotted)
s階梯;Stairs plot
h類似直方圖;Histogram-like plot
n不顯示;No plotting
仿真數(shù)據(jù)
set.seed(123)
# Generate sample data
x <- rnorm(500)
y <- x + rnorm(500)
# Data
my_ts <- ts(matrix(rnorm(500), nrow = 500, ncol = 1),
? ? ? ? ? ? ? start = c(1950, 1), frequency = 12)
my_dates <- seq(as.Date("2005/1/1"), by = "month", length = 50)
my_factor <- factor(mtcars$cyl)
fun <- function(x) x^2
?R語(yǔ)言使用plot函數(shù)可視化數(shù)據(jù)、使用type參數(shù)自定義設(shè)置可視化的類型(數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)和線關(guān)系的類型)、設(shè)置type參數(shù)為p只有數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)沒(méi)有線條
j <- 1:20
k <- j
par(mfrow = c(1, 3))
plot(j, k, type = "l", main = "type = 'l'")
plot(j, k, type = "s", main = "type = 's'")
plot(j, k, type = "p", main = "type = 'p'")
par(mfrow = c(1, 1))
par(mfrow = c(1, 3))
plot(j, k, type = "l", main = "type = 'o'")
plot(j, k, type = "s", main = "type = 'b'")
plot(j, k, type = "p", main = "type = 'h'")
par(mfrow = c(1, 1))
安利一個(gè)R語(yǔ)言的優(yōu)秀博主及其CSDN專欄:
博主R語(yǔ)言專欄地址(R語(yǔ)言從入門到機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)、持續(xù)輸出已經(jīng)超過(guò)1000篇文章)
參考:R