這是對(duì)護(hù)衛(wèi)者有私產(chǎn)的推演，看似利己的舉動(dòng)，結(jié)果損己又損人。在有限的歲月里，可能看不到“損己”的事件發(fā)生，看到的只是永遠(yuǎn)的勝利。但放長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來說，國(guó)不在，“我”的后代何來幸福。

But should they ever acquire homes or lands or moneys of their own, they will become housekeepers and husbandmen instead of guardians; enemies and tyrants instead of allies of the other citizens; hating and being hated, plotting and being plotted against, they will pass through life in much greater terror of internal than of external enemies; and the hour of ruin, both to themselves and to the rest of the State, will be at hand(416-417).
然而，若他們竟私藏宅邸、土地以及錢財(cái)，將淪為管家與農(nóng)民，而非城邦的護(hù)衛(wèi)者；淪為其他民眾的仇敵和暴君，而非盟友。他們將深陷“憎恨與被恨，算計(jì)與被算計(jì)”的困境，終其一生，對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)仇敵敵人的恐懼遠(yuǎn)甚對(duì)外敵的忌憚。如此一來，無論對(duì)他們自身，還是對(duì)城邦其余民眾而言，毀滅危機(jī)即刻降臨。（第416-417節(jié)）

細(xì)節(jié)解析

1、tyrant: a ruler who has a complete power over a country and who is cruel and unfair暴君
Public opinion is a weak tyrant compared with our own private opinion.《瓦爾登湖》

所在段落

The Story of Philosophy《哲學(xué)的故事》第1章Plato第7節(jié)VI. The Political Solution第5段第6句：

So much for incompetence; as for rascality we may provide against that by establishing among the guardians a system of communism:
In the fist place none of them should have any property beyond what is absolutely necessary; neither should they have a private house, with bars and bolts, closed against any one who has a mind to enter; their provisions should be only such as are required by trained warriors, who are men of temperance and courage; their agreement is to receive from the citizens a fixed rate of pay, enough to meet the expenses of the year, and no more; and they will have common meals and live together, like soldiers in a camp. Gold and silver we will tell them that they have from God; the diviner metal is within them, and they have therefore no need of that earthly dross which passes under the name of gold, and ought not to pollute the divine by earthly admixture, for that commoner metal has been the source of many unholy deeds; but their own is undefiled. And they alone of all the citizens may not touch or hand silver or gold, or be under the same roof with them, or wear them, or drink from them. And this will be their salvation, and the salvation of the State. But should they ever acquire homes or lands or moneys of their own, they will become housekeepers and husbandmen instead of guardians; enemies and tyrants instead of allies of the other citizens; hating and being hated, plotting and being plotted against, they will pass through life in much greater terror of internal than of external enemies; and the hour of ruin, both to themselves and to the rest of the State, will be at hand(416-417).
浙江大學(xué)譯本： 假使他們獲得了屬于自己的住宅、土地和錢財(cái)，他們將變成管家或是農(nóng)民，而不是國(guó)家的護(hù)衛(wèi)官；變成其余民眾的敵人和剝削者，而不是他們的盟友；他們將憎恨、算計(jì)別人，同時(shí)也被別人憎恨和算計(jì)，他們一生都將在面對(duì)內(nèi)心這個(gè)強(qiáng)大敵人的恐懼中度過，這種恐懼遠(yuǎn)超過他們對(duì)外在敵人的懼怕。他們自己和理想國(guó)其余民眾的毀滅也將指日可待。（第416-417節(jié)）

上句見：Day456