自動化裝機工具 Cobbler

操作系統(tǒng)：CentOS 6.9

1.修改為 163 的 yum 源
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
2.清除 yum 緩存，升級系統(tǒng)，并安裝以下服務(wù)
yum clean all
yum makecache
yum upgrade
yum -y install cobbler dhcp tftp rsync xinetd httpd
3.關(guān)閉防火墻和 selinux，重啟系統(tǒng)
chkconfig httpd on
chkconfig iptables off

# vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled

# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
ServerName www.cobbler.com:80

# vi /etc/hosts
192.168.1.10  www.cobbler.com
4.安裝和配置cobbler
  • 安裝 epe l源
rpm -ivh http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
  • 安裝 cobbler
yum install -y cobbler dhcpd
#httpd dhcp tftp cobbler程序包 pykickstart KS文件檢查 xinetd 守護(hù)進(jìn)程
  • cobbler 的主要配置文件位置
/etc/cobbler             # 配置文件目錄
/etc/cobbler/settings       # cobbler主配置文件
/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template    # DHCP服務(wù)的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/tftpd.template  # tftp服務(wù)的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/rsync.template # rsync服務(wù)的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/iso           # iso模板配置文件目錄
/etc/cobbler/pxe           # pxe模板文件目錄
/etc/cobbler/power          # 電源的配置文件目錄
/etc/cobbler/users.conf       # Web服務(wù)授權(quán)配置文件
/etc/cobbler/users.digest     # web訪問的用戶名密碼配置文件
/etc/cobbler/dnsmasq.template # DNS服務(wù)的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/modules.conf     # Cobbler模塊配置文件
/var/lib/cobbler           # Cobbler數(shù)據(jù)目錄
/var/lib/cobbler/config      # 配置文件
/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts  # 默認(rèn)存放kickstart文件
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders    # 存放的各種引導(dǎo)程序
/var/www/cobbler          # 系統(tǒng)安裝鏡像目錄
/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror    # 導(dǎo)入的系統(tǒng)鏡像列表
/var/www/cobbler/images      # 導(dǎo)入的系統(tǒng)鏡像啟動文件
/var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror  # yum源存儲目錄
/var/log/cobbler          # 日志目錄
/var/log/cobbler/install.log  # 客戶端系統(tǒng)安裝日志
/var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log  # cobbler日志
  1. 修改 /etc/cobbler/settings
#選項 next_server 用在 DHCP 配置文件中，向機器告知提供引導(dǎo)文件的服務(wù)器地址。
#選項 server 在機器安裝期間用于引用 Cobbler 服務(wù)器地址。
#選項 pxe_just_once 預(yù)防將機器中的安裝循環(huán)配置為始終從網(wǎng)絡(luò)引導(dǎo)。激活此選項時，機器告訴 Cobbler 安裝已完成
#Cobbler 將系統(tǒng)對象的 netboot 標(biāo)志更改為 false，這會強制機器從本地磁盤引導(dǎo)
manage_dhcp：1
manage_dns：0
manage_tftpd：1
restart_dhcp：1
restart_dns：0
pxe_just_once：1
next_server：<服務(wù)器的 IP 地址>
server：<服務(wù)器的 IP 地址>
  • 執(zhí)行 cobbler check 進(jìn)行檢查
1 : service dhcpd is not running
2 : some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely.  Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.
3 : change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/rsync
4 : file /etc/xinetd.d/rsync does not exist
5 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
6 : ksvalidator was not found, install pykickstart
7 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'" to generate new one
8 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them

① 修改 /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
     option routers             192.168.1.2;
     option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114;
     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
     range dynamic-bootp        192.168.1.100 192.168.1.254;
     default-lease-time         21600;
     max-lease-time             43200;
     next-server                $next_server;
     class "pxeclients" {
          match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";
          if option pxe-system-type = 00:02 {
                  filename "ia64/elilo.efi";
          } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:06 {
                  filename "grub/grub-x86.efi";
          } else if option pxe-system-type = 00:07 {
                  filename "grub/grub-x86_64.efi";
          } else {
                  filename "pxelinux.0";
          }
     }
}

② 執(zhí)行 cobbler get-loaders

cobbler get-loaders

③ 開啟 tftp 和 sync

#vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
disabled = no
#vim /etc/xinetd.d/rsync
disabled = no

⑤ debian庫服務(wù)，這里我們可以忽略
⑥ 下載 pykickstart

yum -y install pykickstart

⑦ 創(chuàng)建新系統(tǒng)的root用戶密碼

openssl passwd -1 -salt 'cobbler' '123456'

# vi /etc/cobbler/settings
default_password_crypted: "$1$cobbler$sqDDOBeLKJVmxTCZr52/11"

⑧電源模塊支持，暫時不需要。

5.再次執(zhí)行一下命令
  service cobblerd restart
  cobbler check

1 : file /etc/xinetd.d/rsync does not exist
2 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
3 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them
6.導(dǎo)入鏡像到cobbler
mkdir -p /cobbler/ISO
mount /dev/sr0 /cobbler/ISO/

# 這一步進(jìn)行的時間有點長
cobbler import --path=/cobbler/ISO/ --name=CentOS-6.5_86x64

# 同步 cobbler
cobbler synctask started: 2017-04-14_182224_sync

#重啟服務(wù)
/etc/init.d/xinetd restart
/etc/init.d/cobblerd restart
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