第六周：軟件包管理、編譯及sed命令使用

1、自建yum倉庫，分別為網(wǎng)絡(luò)源和本地源

[root@Top ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/centos8.repo     #yum本地光盤源
[AppStream]
name=appstream
gpgcheck=1
baseurl=file:///mnt/AppStream
gpgkey=/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial


yum -y install httpd    #安裝httpd，搭建yum倉庫網(wǎng)絡(luò)源
systemctl enable --now httpd    #啟動服務(wù)
mkdir /var/www/html/centos/8 -pv    
mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/
cp -a /mnt/* /var/www/html/centos/8/    #cp光盤源到http自建目錄里
? 15:31:40-root:/etc/yum.repos.d# cat local.repo    #編輯yum源配置文件，路徑指向遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器
[AppStream]
name=AppStream
baseurl=http://10.0.0.8/centos/8/AppStream/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial


[BaseOS]
name=BaseOS
baseurl=http://10.0.0.8/centos/8/BaseOS/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial

2、編譯安裝http2.4，實(shí)現(xiàn)可以正常訪問，并將編譯步驟和結(jié)果提交

 3324  14:38:14 2021-01-02 root tar xvf httpd-2.4.46.tar.bz2 
 3326  14:38:26 2021-01-02 root cd httpd-2.4.46/
 3328  14:38:39 2021-01-02 root cat README
 3329  14:38:57 2021-01-02 root cat INSTALL 
 3331  14:43:09 2021-01-02 root ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/src/http-2.4.46 --sysconfdir=/etc/http-2.4.46 --enable-ssl
 3332  14:43:18 2021-01-02 root dnf list ARP
 3333  14:43:24 2021-01-02 root dnf list arp
 3334  14:43:34 2021-01-02 root dnf search arp
 3335  14:43:56 2021-01-02 root yum -y install arpack-devel.x86_64
 3341  14:47:01 2021-01-02 root yum search arp
 3342  14:47:13 2021-01-02 root yum provides arp
 3343  14:47:48 2021-01-02 root yum -y install net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64
 3344  14:48:00 2021-01-02 root ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/src/http-2.4.46 --sysconfdir=/etc/http-2.4.46 --enable-ssl
 3345  14:48:24 2021-01-02 root cat README
 3346  14:48:34 2021-01-02 root cat README|grep *apr
 3347  14:48:45 2021-01-02 root yum search apr
 3348  14:49:13 2021-01-02 root yum -y install apr-util-devel.x86_64
 3349  14:49:28 2021-01-02 root ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/src/http-2.4.46 --sysconfdir=/etc/http-2.4.46 --enable-ssl
 3350  14:49:43 2021-01-02 root yum search PCRE
 3351  14:50:05 2021-01-02 root yum -y install pcre-devel
 3352  14:50:13 2021-01-02 root ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/src/http-2.4.46 --sysconfdir=/etc/http-2.4.46 --enable-ssl
 3353  14:50:49 2021-01-02 root yum search OpenSSL
 3354  14:51:06 2021-01-02 root yum -y install openssl-devel
 3355  14:51:32 2021-01-02 root ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/src/http-2.4.46 --sysconfdir=/etc/http-2.4.46 --enable-ssl
 3356  14:51:43 2021-01-02 root echo $?
 3357  14:51:51 2021-01-02 root sync 
 3358  14:51:54 2021-01-02 root history 
 3359  14:52:10 2021-01-02 root cd ..
 3360  14:52:16 2021-01-02 root rm -rf httpd-2.4.46
 3361  14:52:26 2021-01-02 root tar xf httpd-2.4.46.tar.bz2 
 3362  14:52:29 2021-01-02 root cd httpd-2.4.46/
 3363  14:52:30 2021-01-02 root ll
 3364  14:52:36 2021-01-02 root ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/src/http-2.4.46 --sysconfdir=/etc/http-2.4.46 --enable-ssl
 3365  14:52:45 2021-01-02 root make
 3366  14:53:22 2021-01-02 root yum provides redhat-hardened-ld
 3375  14:56:39 2021-01-02 root yum -y install redhat-rpm-config
 3376  14:56:48 2021-01-02 root make
 3377  14:57:43 2021-01-02 root echo $?
 3378  14:57:59 2021-01-02 root cd ..
 3379  14:58:04 2021-01-02 root rm -rf httpd-2.4.46
 3380  14:58:10 2021-01-02 root tar xf httpd-2.4.46.tar.bz2 
 3381  14:58:14 2021-01-02 root cd httpd-2.4.46/
 3383  14:58:34 2021-01-02 root ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/src/http-2.4.46 --sysconfdir=/etc/http-2.4.46 --enable-ssl;echo $?
 3384  14:58:54 2021-01-02 root make;echo$?
 3385  15:00:04 2021-01-02 root cat INSTALL 
 3386  15:00:17 2021-01-02 root make install
 3387  15:00:36 2021-01-02 root echo $?
 3396  15:08:52 2021-01-02 root ./apachectl start
 ? 15:22:18-root:/usr/local/src/http-2.4.46/htdocs# vim index.html  #編輯html頁面
 驗(yàn)證如下：
image-20210102152634372.png

3、利用sed 取出ifconfig命令中本機(jī)的IPv4地址

? 21:09:02-root:/date# ifconfig eth0
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.0.0.8  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 10.0.0.255
        inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fed1:8fd8  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:d1:8f:d8  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 69652  bytes 41271637 (39.3 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 38677  bytes 5856322 (5.5 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

? 21:09:08-root:/date# ifconfig eth0|sed -rn '2s/^[^0-9]+([0-9.]+) .*/\1/p'
10.0.0.8

4、刪除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#開頭，后面至少跟一個空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符

? 23:01:11-root:/date# sed -ri.bak 's/(^# )+(.*)/\2/p' fstab
? 23:03:00-root:/date# cat -A fstab
$
#$
/etc/fstab$
/etc/fstab$
Created by anaconda on Sun Nov  8 13:09:51 2020$
Created by anaconda on Sun Nov  8 13:09:51 2020$
#$
Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.$
Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.$
See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.$
See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.$
#$
After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd$
After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd$
units generated from this file.$
units generated from this file.$
#$
/dev/mapper/cl-root     /                       xfs     defaults        0 0$
UUID=29090182-4327-42a5-8b5e-1593be1da80e /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2$
/dev/mapper/cl-date     /date                   xfs     defaults        0 0$
/dev/mapper/cl-swap     swap                    swap    defaults        0 0$

5、處理/etc/fstab路徑,使用sed命令取出其目錄名和基名

? 22:21:54-root:/date# echo /etc/fstab |sed -r 's#(^/.*/)([^/]+/?)#\1#'
/etc/
? 22:22:03-root:/date# echo /etc/fstab |sed -r 's#(^/.*/)([^/]+/?)#\2#'
fstab
#以下是我看到別的師兄寫的取基民和目錄名，很好理解，就是簡單把一個文件路徑分為(.*/)(.*)兩部分，想要哪部分，就留哪部分。很清晰，便于理解(實(shí)測發(fā)現(xiàn)，^可以不要，也能實(shí)現(xiàn))
? 22:26:16-root:/date# echo /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1-test | sed -r 's#(^.*)/(.*)#\1#'
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
? 22:29:21-root:/date# echo /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1-test | sed -r 's#(^.*)/(.*)#\2#'
ifcfg-eth1-test
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