三色藝術(shù)史第1季第3集中英臺詞整理和單詞統(tǒng)計
| 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| This is the BBC Television Service. | 這里是BBC電視臺 |
| We now present another programme | 現(xiàn)在為您播出 |
| in our series of experimental transmissions in colour. | 彩色信號試播系列節(jié)目 |
| We live in a kaleidoscopic world | 我們的世界是五彩斑斕的 |
| but colours are more than mere decoration. | 但是顏色不僅僅是裝飾 |
| Colours carry deep and significant meanings for us all. | 顏色之于我們承載著深刻而重大的含義 |
| And in this series I want to unravel the stories of three colours. | 在這一系列中我將講述三種顏色的故事 |
| Three colours which, in the hands of artists, | 藝術(shù)家運(yùn)用這三種顏色 |
| have stirred our emotions, | 喚起我們的情感 |
| changed the way we behave | 改變我們的行為 |
| and even altered the course of history. | 甚至影響歷史進(jìn)程 |
| Gold. | 金色 |
| Its lustrous shine has made this the most intoxicating colour, | 耀眼奪目無疑是最令人陶醉的顏色 |
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| one we've used throughout history to revere the things we hold most sacred. | 成為古往今來圣物的代表 |
| Blue. | 藍(lán)色 |
| The arrival of lapis lazuli from the East made blue the colour of our dreams, | 來自東方的天青石使藍(lán)色成為夢想之色 |
| a colour that's transported us to worlds beyond our horizons. | 帶我們飛往地平線之外的世界 |
| And this is the story of white. | 而本集將要介紹的是白色 |
| Today we see white as the colour of virtue, | 今天白色象征著美德 |
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| a colour of cleanliness, of innocence, | 象征著純潔與無邪 |
| a colour as pure as the driven snow. | 像風(fēng)中飄落的白雪一樣圣潔無暇 |
| But in the history of art, | 但在藝術(shù)的歷史上 |
| white isn't quite as pure as we think. | 白色不總是像我們想的那樣純潔 |
| Over the course of history, | 在歷史長河中 |
| it's been loaded with ideologies | 這種顏色被意識形態(tài)所左右 |
| that have been both divisive and at times even dangerous. | 這些意識形態(tài)不僅不和諧有時還很危險 |
| So dangerous in fact that white may just be | 以至于白色幾乎曾是 |
| the darkest colour of them all. | 最黑暗的一種顏色 |
| This is the story of how the purest colour became corrupted. | 這個故事講述了最純潔的顏色如何遭到腐蝕 |
| From the refined elegance of the Elgin Marbles | 從精致優(yōu)雅的埃爾金石雕 |
| to the pristine pots of Josiah Wedgewood, | 到喬賽亞·韋奇伍德簡樸的瓷罐 |
| we'll reveal how white came to symbolise an enlightened world. | 我們將揭示白色如何成為啟蒙世界的象征 |
| But we'll see how, in the modern age, | 但我們還將看到在現(xiàn)代社會 |
| this once virtuous colour | 這種曾經(jīng)代表美德的顏色 |
| was used by artists, architects and sculptors | 被畫家建筑師和雕塑家 |
| to divide, to control and finally | 用于分化控制最終被用于 |
| to conquer. | 征服 |
| It was Sunday 25th of September 1938. | 1938年9月25日星期日 |
| The Director of the British Museum was on his evening rounds. | 大英博物館館長正進(jìn)行晚間巡視 |
| Everything seemed to be in order, but, unknown to him, | 一切仿佛都秩序井然但他不知道 |
| a disturbing incident had been taking place right beneath his feet. | 就在他腳下一樁令人痛心的事情正在發(fā)生 |
| In the basement, | 在地下室里 |
| some of the museum's sculptures were in the process of being cleaned. | 博物館的幾座雕像正在接受清理 |
| But they were being cleaned | 但所用工具卻是 |
| with copper chisels and carborundum. | 銅鑿和金剛砂 |
| To make matters worse, | 更糟的是 |
| the objects in question were some of the museum's most prize possessions, | 這些雕像正是博物館最具價值的藏品 |
| the Elgin Marbles. | 埃爾金石雕 |
| The Elgin Marbles were a set of ancient Greek sculptures | 埃爾金石雕是一組古希臘雕塑 |
| that had once adorned the Parthenon in Athens. | 曾佇立于雅典的帕特農(nóng)神廟 |
| They were widely seen as the bedrock of Western art. | 它們普遍被視作西方藝術(shù)的奠基石 |
| Like many ancient sculptures, | 和許多古代雕塑一樣 |
| the Elgin Marbles were once painted in rich colours, | 埃爾金石雕曾被涂上豐富的色彩 |
| which over the millennia, had washed away. | 但在千年歲月的洗禮中這些色彩都褪去了 |
| Yet, at one point, | 但不知從何時起 |
| we became convinced that these sculptures had always been white. | 我們開始相信這些雕塑本來就是白色 |
| And now, they were being made whiter than they had ever been before. | 現(xiàn)在它們更是被人為地變得前所未有的白 |
| The museum's director immediately put a stop to the cleaning | 博物館館長立刻叫停了這次清理作業(yè) |
| and instituted an inquiry. | 并展開調(diào)查 |
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| The culprit was one Joseph Duveen, | 始作俑者原來是約瑟夫·杜溫 |
| a rich and powerful art dealer | 一位有錢有勢的藝術(shù)品掮客 |
| who had donated money for a new gallery to house the marbles, | 他捐資興建了新的展廳用于陳列大理石雕 |
| but had asked for something in return. | 但他的捐贈是有條件的 |
| Joseph Duveen thought the Elgin Marbles were, | 約瑟夫·杜溫認(rèn)為 |
| quite frankly, the wrong colour. | 埃爾金石雕的顏色有問題 |
| They were too brown and, like the rest of antiquity, | 它們的顏色趨于棕褐而像其他古物一樣 |
| they were supposed to be white. | 它們應(yīng)當(dāng)是白色的 |
| Duveen persuaded the museum staff | 杜溫說服博物館工作人員 |
| to whiten the Elgin Marbles | 把埃爾金石雕變白 |
| and evidence of their handiwork can still be seen today. | 他們的工作成果今天還清晰可辨 |
| This is Helios the Sun Chariot | 這是太陽神赫利俄斯 |
| and it's one of the objects the director saw | 館長在1938年的那晚 |
| being cleaned that night in 1938. | 看到的那批正被清理的雕像之一 |
| You can see very clearly the effect of that cleaning. | 可以清楚地看到那次清理的效果 |
| On the right, this is before the cleaning. | 右側(cè)是未經(jīng)清理的部分 |
| It's dark, it's brown, it's sooty, it's shiny. | 顏色較暗發(fā)黑褐有光澤 |
| Here on the left, this is after the cleaning. | 左側(cè)則是清理過的部分 |
| It's matt in texture, it's colourless and it's white. | 毫無光澤完全是白色的 |
| Back in the 1930s, | 在20世紀(jì)30年代 |
| Joseph Duveen's cleaning job caused a scandal. | 約瑟夫·杜溫的清理行動引發(fā)了一場丑聞 |
| It has been said that the British Museum trustees of the day | 人們認(rèn)為當(dāng)時的大英博物館管理委員會 |
| lost control of their museum. | 已經(jīng)失去了對博物館的控制 |
| In a sense, that's true. | 從某種意義上說這是真的 |
| The museum was unduly influenced by the strength | 杜溫對博物館的影響力 |
| of personality of Duveen | 過于強(qiáng)大 |
| and the practice of scraping the surface of the sculptures | 刮除雕像表面的工作 |
| was not approved. | 并未受到批準(zhǔn) |
| That's the important thing to get across. | 知道這一點很重要 |
| It was not an approved action. | 該項行為并未受到批準(zhǔn) |
| We must get this into proportion, | 我們還要知道 |
| the surface removal, | 所謂刮除表面 |
| we're talking of a fraction of a millimetre | 除掉部分不到一毫米 |
| and of course it wasn't every sculpture that was cleaned. | 而且當(dāng)然并不是所有雕像都被清理了 |
| It probably doesn't much affect the moral question | 即便我們試圖弱化犯下的錯誤 |
| if we try to mitigate what was done. | 卻也掩飾不了道德上的缺失 |
| I don't want to defend it. | 我也無意為其辯解 |
| What would be the point? | 有什么意義呢 |
| It was 70 years ago. | 都是70年前的事了 |
| I wasn't alive and everybody who was involved then is dead. | 我還沒有出生所有當(dāng)事人也都已過世 |
| But there was already a history to the surface of the sculptures | 雕像的表面是有其歷史的 |
| and it is part of that history that we add another chapter. | 而我們?yōu)檫@段歷史加上了新的一章 |
| The debate over the cleaning will, no doubt, go on, | 關(guān)于這次清理的辯論無疑將會繼續(xù) |
| but in our story of white, | 但在我們關(guān)于白色的故事里 |
| there's a more intriguing issue at stake. | 還有更為引人入勝的一個問題 |
| 完整版請點擊 | |
| The big questions for me are these | 對我而言更重要的問題是 |
| why was Duveen so desperate for these sculptures to be white? | 為什么杜溫堅持這些雕塑應(yīng)該是白色的 |
| To even go to the lengths to damage the sculptures | 以至于寧愿損壞雕塑 |
| to make them whiter | 使其變得更白 |
| and why, when all the evidence points the other way, | 為什么在所有證據(jù)都表明 |
| when we know that the ancient Greeks covered their sculptures in colour, | 古希臘人為他們的雕塑上過色 |
| do most of us still think, secretly, that they should be white? | 很多人私下依然認(rèn)為它們應(yīng)該是白色的 |
| In my mind, | 我認(rèn)為 |
| one man is above all responsible for the whitewashing of antiquity, | 有一個人應(yīng)該對這些古物刷白行動負(fù)全責(zé) |
| and in doing so, | 他的行為 |
| he planted white at the centre of European culture | 使白色在接下來的幾個世紀(jì)內(nèi) |
| for centuries to come. | 在歐洲文化的核心生根發(fā)芽 |
| And his name was Johann Joachim Winckelmann. | 他的名字就是約翰·約阿希姆·溫克爾曼 |
| JJ Winckelmann was born in 1717 | JJ·溫克爾曼于1717年生于 |
| in a rural town in what is now Eastern Germany. | 今天德國東部的一個村鎮(zhèn) |
| His parents wanted him to follow the family profession | 他的父母希望他能子承父業(yè) |
| and embrace the noble trade of the cobbler. | 繼續(xù)做個了不起的鞋匠 |
| But they should have known | 他們本該知道 |
| that young JJ was not well suited to such a fate. | 這樣的命運(yùn)并不適合年輕的JJ |
| Winckelmann was not the typical 18th century cobbler's son. | 溫克爾曼不是典型的18世紀(jì)鞋匠的兒子 |
| He was gay, | 他是同性戀 |
| his dress sense was extravagant to say the least. | 穿衣品味至少也可稱得上是奢侈 |
| He had a penchant for skin-tight leather trousers | 他酷愛緊身皮褲 |
| and he was a fiercely ambitious intellectual. | 還是個野心勃勃的知識分子 |
| So naturally, he longed to set foot in more cosmopolitan surroundings. | 自然而然地他向往更為廣闊的生活 |
| In 1748, Winckelmann fetched up in Dresden. | 1748年溫克爾曼來到德累斯頓 |
| It wasn't long before he made a discovery that would change his life. | 很快他就有了將會改變一生的發(fā)現(xiàn) |
| Winckelmann had stumbled on a vast storeroom | 溫克爾曼無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)一個大儲藏室 |
| filled with ancient white statues. | 里面裝滿了古代的白色雕塑 |
| And they came in all shapes and sizes. | 尺寸不同造型各異 |
| There was plenty to, shall we say, feast his eyes on. | 可以說這些讓他目不暇接 |
| There were buttocks aplenty, | 豐滿的臀部 |
| there were ripped muscular torsos | 肌肉發(fā)達(dá)的身軀 |
| and there was even the odd genital. | 甚至還有奇特的生殖器 |
| These white sculptures were the most wonderful objects | 這些白色雕塑是溫克爾曼見過的 |
| that Winckelmann had ever seen | 最美的事物 |
| and he decided there and then | 所以他當(dāng)即決定 |
| to dedicate his life to persuading the world of their beauty. | 致力于向世界展示它們的美麗 |
| He knew that he had to begin in Rome. | 他知道他必須從羅馬開始 |
| Winckelmann arrived here in 1755. | 溫克爾曼于1755年來到這里 |
| He found it littered | 發(fā)現(xiàn)這里到處散落著 |
| with white columns and marbles from antiquity. | 古代的白色圓柱和大理石 |
| He immediately set to work on a tome | 他立刻著手寫作一部巨著 |
| in which he celebrated all the wonderful white marble that he found. | 描繪他發(fā)現(xiàn)的白色大理石之美 |
| Words spill from his pen as he swooned over the Belvedere Torso. | 他著文歌頌貝維德雷的軀干 |
| And the writhing limbs of the Laocoon. | 以及拉奧孔雕像那纏繞的肢體 |
| Winckelmann's scribblings eventually attracted the attention of the Vatican | 溫克爾曼的作品終于吸引了羅馬教廷的注意 |
| who appointed him keeper of their antiquities, | 他被任命為教會古董的保管者 |
| a distinguished post once held by Raphael. | 拉斐爾也曾接任過這一高貴的職位 |
| And it was in the Vatican that Winckelmann set eyes on a sculpture | 在羅馬教廷溫克爾曼見到了一座雕像 |
| that would inspire him like no other. | 從中找到了前所未有的靈感 |
| The Apollo Belvedere was thought to be a Roman copy | 望樓的阿波羅被認(rèn)為是羅馬時代的復(fù)制品 |
| of a Greek original made around 300 BC. | 其原型來自公元前300年的希臘 |
| Rosy beauty wantons all down the god-like figure. | 柔和的美感在這尊天神的雕塑上肆意綻放 |
| Such organs human nature knows not. | 這種美絕非凡間所有 |
| The liquid hair, like tendrils kissed by zephyrs. | 流動的發(fā)絲仿佛在微風(fēng)的輕吻下有了生命 |
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